scholarly journals Correction to: Effects of elevated temperature and CO2 concentration on floral development and sex differentiation in Morus alba L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dadong Li ◽  
Tingfa Dong ◽  
Chunyan Zhang ◽  
Gaiqun Huang ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Morus Alba

scholarly journals Effects of elevated temperature and CO2 concentration on floral development and sex differentiation in Morus alba L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dadong Li ◽  
Tingfa Dong ◽  
Chuanyan Zhang ◽  
Gaiqun Huang ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Morus Alba

Multiple microRNAs Regulate the Floral Development and Sex Differentiation in the Dioecious Cucurbit Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 111-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jatindra Nath Mohanty ◽  
Subodh Kumar Chand ◽  
Raj Kumar Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Floral Development ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Coccinia Grandis

scholarly journals Response of water fluxes and biomass production to climate change in permanent grassland soil ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 6087-6106
Author(s):  
Veronika Forstner ◽  
Jannis Groh ◽  
Matevz Vremec ◽  
Markus Herndl ◽  
Harry Vereecken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Actual Evapotranspiration ◽  
Water Fluxes ◽  
Permanent Grassland ◽  
Experimental Approaches

Abstract. Effects of climate change on the ecosystem productivity and water fluxes have been studied in various types of experiments. However, it is still largely unknown whether and how the experimental approach itself affects the results of such studies. We employed two contrasting experimental approaches, using high-precision weighable monolithic lysimeters, over a period of 4 years to identify and compare the responses of water fluxes and aboveground biomass to climate change in permanent grassland. The first, manipulative, approach is based on controlled increases of atmospheric CO2 concentration and surface temperature. The second, observational, approach uses data from a space-for-time substitution along a gradient of climatic conditions. The Budyko framework was used to identify if the soil ecosystem is energy limited or water limited. Elevated temperature reduced the amount of non-rainfall water, particularly during the growing season in both approaches. In energy-limited grassland ecosystems, elevated temperature increased the actual evapotranspiration and decreased aboveground biomass. As a consequence, elevated temperature led to decreasing seepage rates in energy-limited systems. Under water-limited conditions in dry periods, elevated temperature aggravated water stress and, thus, resulted in reduced actual evapotranspiration. The already small seepage rates of the drier soils remained almost unaffected under these conditions compared to soils under wetter conditions. Elevated atmospheric CO2 reduced both actual evapotranspiration and aboveground biomass in the manipulative experiment and, therefore, led to a clear increase and change in seasonality of seepage. As expected, the aboveground biomass productivity and ecosystem efficiency indicators of the water-limited ecosystems were negatively correlated with an increase in aridity, while the trend was unclear for the energy-limited ecosystems. In both experimental approaches, the responses of soil water fluxes and biomass production mainly depend on the ecosystems' status with respect to energy or water limitation. To thoroughly understand the ecosystem response to climate change and be able to identify tipping points, experiments need to embrace sufficiently extreme boundary conditions and explore responses to individual and multiple drivers, such as temperature, CO2 concentration, and precipitation, including non-rainfall water. In this regard, manipulative and observational climate change experiments complement one another and, thus, should be combined in the investigation of climate change effects on grassland.

Anatomical and transcriptional dynamics of early floral development of mulberry (Morus alba)

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingzhe Shang ◽  
Jiubo Liang ◽  
Zhonghuai Xiang ◽  
Ningjia He
Keyword(s):  
Floral Development ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Transcriptional Dynamics

Physiological acclimation dampens initial effects of elevated temperature and atmospheric CO2 concentration in mature boreal Norway spruce

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubhangi Lamba ◽  
Marianne Hall ◽  
Mats Räntfors ◽  
Nitin Chaudhary ◽  
Sune Linder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 Concentration ◽  
Physiological Acclimation

scholarly journals Heat-induced masculinization in domesticated zebrafish is family-specific and yields a set of different gonadal transcriptomes

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (6) ◽  
pp. E941-E950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laia Ribas ◽  
Woei Chang Liew ◽  
Noèlia Díaz ◽  
Rajini Sreenivasan ◽  
László Orbán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Sex Determination System

Understanding environmental influences on sex ratios is important for the study of the evolution of sex-determining mechanisms and for evaluating the effects of global warming and chemical pollution. Fishes exhibit sexual plasticity, but the underlying mechanisms of environmental effects on their reproduction are unclear even in the well-established teleost research model, the zebrafish. Here we established the conditions to study the effects of elevated temperature on zebrafish sex. We showed that sex ratio response to elevated temperature is family-specific and typically leads to masculinization (female-to-male sex reversal), resulting in neomales. These results uncovered genotype-by-environment interactions that support a polygenic sex determination system in domesticated (laboratory) zebrafish. We found that some heat-treated fish had gene expression profiles similar to untreated controls of the same sex, indicating that they were resistant to thermal effects. Further, most neomales had gonadal transcriptomes similar to that of regular males. Strikingly, we discovered heat-treated females that displayed a normal ovarian phenotype but with a “male-like” gonadal transcriptome. Such major transcriptomic reprogramming with preserved organ structure has never been reported. Juveniles were also found to have a male-like transcriptome shortly after exposure to heat. These findings were validated by analyzing the expression of genes and signaling pathways associated with sex differentiation. Our results revealed a lasting thermal effect on zebrafish gonads, suggesting new avenues for detection of functional consequences of elevated temperature in natural fish populations in a global warming scenario.

scholarly journals Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Temperature Affect Seed Composition, Mineral Nutrition, and 15N and 13C Dynamics in Soybean Genotypes under Controlled Environments

2017 ◽  
pp. 56-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nacer Bellaloui ◽  
Yanbo Hu ◽  
Alemu Mengistu ◽  
Hamed K. Abbas ◽  
My Abdelmajid Kassem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Controlled Environments ◽  
Elevated Co2 And Temperature

The seed nutrition of crops is affected by global climate changes due to elevated CO2 and temperatures. Information on the effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on seed nutrition is very limited in spite of its importance in seed quality and food security. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 and temperature on seed composition (protein, oil, fatty acids, and sugars) and mineral nutrition in two soybean cultivars under controlled environments. The treatments were ambient CO2 concentrations (360 μmol mol-1) and elevated CO2 concentration (700 μmol mol-1) as well as normal temperature (26/16°C) and elevated temperature (45/35°C). Plants were grown under greenhouse conditions until the R5 stage, and then, transferred to growth chambers until full maturity (R8). Elevated temperature or a combination of elevated temperature and elevated CO2 resulted in a decrease in seed protein and linolenic acid concentrations and an increase in oil and oleic acid in cultivars Williams 82 (MGIII) and Hutcheson (MG V). Seed sucrose, glucose, and fructose decreased, whereas raffinose and stachyose remained relatively stable. Minerals also decreased under elevated CO2 and temperature. Among those that decreased were N, P, K, Zn, Fe, and B. Natural abundance of 15N and 13C isotopes was altered only under high temperature, regardless of CO2 concentration, indicating that changes in nitrogen and carbon metabolism occurred at elevated temperature. The increase in oil and oleic acid and decrease in linolenic acid are desirable, as high oleic acid and low linolenic acid contribute to the stability and longer shelf-life of oil. The combination of low protein and high oil was due to the inverse relationship between them. This study showed that seed composition and seed mineral nutrients can be affected by elevated temperature alone or elevated CO2 and temperature. This information is beneficial for selecting varieties with high seed nutritional qualities and efficient mineral nutrient use and uptake, traits that are related to seed production, seed quality, and food security. Also, it provides further knowledge on the effect of climate change on seed quality.

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