Does Economic Incentive Matter for Rational Use of Medicine? China’s Experience from the Essential Medicines Program

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingsheng Chen ◽  
Lijie Wang ◽  
Wen Chen ◽  
Luying Zhang ◽  
Hongli Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Incentive ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Rational Use

scholarly journals Concept of essential medicines and rational use in public health

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
SitanshuSekhar Kar ◽  
HimanshuSekhar Pradhan ◽  
GuruPrasad Mohanta
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Rational Use

scholarly journals Examination of WHO/INRUD Core Drug Use Indicators at Public Primary Healthcare Centers in Kisii County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faith A. Okalebo ◽  
Eric M. Guantai ◽  
Aggrey O. Nyabuti
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Consultation Time ◽  
Primary Healthcare Centers

ABSTRACTBackgroundIrrational drug use is a global problem. However, the extent of the problem is higher in low-income countries. This study set out to assess and characterize drug use at the public primary healthcare centers (PPHCCs) in a rural county in Kenya, using the World Health Organization/ International Network for the Rational Use of Drugs (WHO/INRUD) core drug use indicators methodology.MethodsTen PPHCCs were randomly selected. From each PPHCC, ninety prescriptions from October to December 2018 were sampled and data extracted. Three-hundred (30 per PPHCC) patients and ten (1 per PPHCC) dispensers were also observed and interviewed. The WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators were used to assess the patterns of drug use.ResultsThe average number of drugs per prescription was 2.9 (SD 0.5) (recommended: 1.6– 1.8), percentage of drugs prescribed by generic names was 27.7% (recommended: 100%); the percentage of prescriptions with an antibiotic was 84.8% (recommended: 20.0–26.8%), and with an injection prescribed was 24.9% (recommended: 13.4–24.1%). The percentage of prescribed drugs from the Kenya Essential Medicines List was 96.7% (recommended: 100%). The average consultation time was 4.1 min (SD 1.7) (recommended: ≥10 min), the average dispensing time was 131.5 sec (SD 41.5) (recommended: ≥90 sec), the percentage of drugs actually dispensed was 76.3% (recommended: 100%), the percentage of drugs adequately labeled was 22.6% (recommended: 100%) and percentage of patients with correct knowledge of dispensed drugs was 54.7% (recommended: 100%). Only 20% of the PPHCCs had a copy of KEML available, and 80% of the selected essential drugs assessed were available.ConclusionThe survey shows irrational drug use practices, particularly polypharmacy, non-generic prescribing, overuse of antibiotics, short consultation time and inadequacy of drug labeling. Effective programs and activities promoting the rational use of drugs are the key interventions suggested at all the health facilities.

scholarly journals PHP60 RATIONAL USE EFFECTS OF IMPLEMENTING AN ESSENTIAL MEDICINES LIST

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. A92
Author(s):  
MZ Younis ◽  
S Hamidi ◽  
D Forgione ◽  
M Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Essential Medicines List

scholarly journals Indicators related to the rational use of medicines and its associated factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (suppl.2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Guimarães Lima ◽  
Juliana Álvares ◽  
Augusto Afonso Guerra Junior ◽  
Ediná Alves Costa ◽  
Ione Aquemi Guibu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
National Level ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
Rational Use Of Medicines ◽  
Basic Health Units

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate indicators related to the rational use of medicines and its associated factors in Basic Health Units. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in a representative sample of Brazilian cities included in the Pesquisa Nacional sobre Acesso, Utilização e Promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamentos – Serviços, 2015 (PNAUM – National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines – Services, 2015). The data were collected by interviews with users, medicine dispensing professionals, and prescribers; and described by prescription, dispensing, and health services indicators. We analyzed the association between human resources characteristics of pharmaceutical services and dispensing indicators. RESULTS: At national level, the average number of medicines prescribed was 2.4. Among the users, 5.8% had antibiotic prescription, 74.8% received guidance on how to use the medicines at the pharmacy and, for 45.1% of users, all prescribed medicines were from the national list of essential medicines. All the indicators presented statistically significant differences between the regions of Brazil. The dispensing professionals that reported the presence of a pharmacist in the unit with a working load of 40 hours or more per week presented 1.82 more chance of transmitting information on the way of using the medicines in the dispensing process. CONCLUSION: The analysis of prescription, dispensing, and health services indicators in the basic health units showed an unsatisfactory proportion of essential medicines prescription and limitations in the correct identification of the medicine, orientation to the patients on medicines, and availability of therapeutic protocols in the health services

scholarly journals PHP16 ESTIMATING THE COST SAVINGS AND RATIONAL USE EFFECTS OF IMPLEMENTING AN ESSENTIAL MEDICINES LIST

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. A185-A186
Author(s):  
S Hamidi ◽  
M Khan ◽  
D Babo ◽  
R Culbertson ◽  
J Rice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Savings ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Essential Medicines List ◽  
The Cost

scholarly journals Study of knowledge, attitude, practice of rational use of medicines among interns at Mc Gann teaching district hospital, Shivamogga- a descriptive cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 512
Author(s):  
Vedavathi Hanumaiah ◽  
Shreenivas Revankar ◽  
Abhishek C. P.
Keyword(s):  
Final Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Rational Use Of Medicines ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: Rational use of medicines requires that the patients receive medication appropriate to their clinical needs, in doses that meet their own individual requirements for an adequate period of lime, and at the lowest cost to them and to their community. Objective of the study were like descriptive cross- sectional study was conducted to determine and identify the level of knowledge, attitude and practice regarding rational use of medicines among the interns.Methods: A validated structured questionnaire containing 19 questions regarding rational use of medicines in knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) format was distributed in hand among 109 interns affiliated to this institution. Descriptive statistics were used to illustrate the results in the form of number and percentage.Results: Out of 109 interns, 102 completed the questionnaire and were included in the final analysis. Majority of interns who participated in study were aware of the concept of rational use of medicine but the knowledge related to EML (essential medicines list), P drugs, schedule H drugs and number of FDCs (fixed dose combination) in EML was limited.Conclusions:  As interns are future prescribers, they need to be aware of all the aspects of rational use of medicine and there is need to emphasise on learning module and training programs to ensure the interns have knowledge of rational use of medicines.

scholarly journals Examination of WHO/INRUD Core Drug Use Indicators at Public Primary Healthcare Centers in Kisii County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Aggrey O. Nyabuti ◽  
Faith A. Okalebo ◽  
Eric M. Guantai
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Consultation Time ◽  
Primary Healthcare Centers

Background. Irrational drug use is a global problem. However, the extent of the problem is higher in low-income countries. This study sets out to assess and characterize drug use at the public primary healthcare centers (PPHCCs) in a rural county in Kenya, using the World Health Organization/International Network for the Rational Use of Drugs (WHO/INRUD) core drug use indicators methodology. Methods. Ten PPHCCs were randomly selected. From each PPHCC, ninety prescriptions from October to December 2018 were sampled and data extracted. Three hundred (30 per PPHCC) patients and ten (1 per PPHCC) dispensers were also observed and interviewed. The WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators were used to assess the patterns of drug use. Results. The average number of drugs per prescription was 2.9 (SD 0.5) (recommended: 1.6–1.8), and the percentage of drugs prescribed by generic names was 27.7% (recommended: 100%); the percentage of prescriptions with an antibiotic was 84.8% (recommended: 20.0–26.8%), and with an injection prescribed was 24.9% (recommended: 13.4–24.1%). The percentage of prescribed drugs from the Kenya Essential Medicines List was 96.7% (recommended: 100%). The average consultation time was 4.1 min (SD 1.7) (recommended: ≥10 min), the average dispensing time was 131.5 sec (SD 41.5) (recommended: ≥90 sec), the percentage of drugs actually dispensed was 76.3% (recommended: 100%), the percentage of drugs adequately labeled was 22.6% (recommended: 100%), and the percentage of patients with correct knowledge of dispensed drugs was 54.7% (recommended: 100%). Only 20% of the PPHCCs had a copy of KEML available, and 80% of the selected essential drugs assessed were available. Conclusion. The survey shows irrational drug use practices, particularly polypharmacy, nongeneric prescribing, overuse of antibiotics, short consultation time, and inadequacy of drug labeling. Effective programs and activities promoting the rational use of drugs are the key interventions suggested at all the health facilities.

scholarly journals Drug use pattern using WHO core drug use indicators in public health centers of Dessie, North-East Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teklehaimanot Fentie Wendie ◽  
Abdulmejid Ahmed ◽  
Solomon Ahmed Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Essential Drug ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
North East ◽  
Essential Drug List ◽  
Drug List

Abstract Background Rational drug use requires that patients receive and take medication appropriately. Though the process of diagnosis and pharmaceutical care is complex, World Health Organization (WHO)/international network for rational use of drugs (INRUD) core drug use indicators investigate drug use to minimize the hazardous effect of the drug and enhance the wise use of scares resources. This study assessed drug use patterns in health centers of Dessie town using WHO/INRUD indicators. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in public health centers of Dessie town. Data were retrospectively collected from 1500 prescriptions dispensed from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2018 using WHO data collection tool to assess prescribing indicators. For patient care and health facility indicators, 600 patients and 3 health centers were prospectively reviewed. Systematic random sampling was used to select samples. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20. Results The average number of drugs per encounter was 2.1. The percentage of encounters with antibiotics and injection was 44% and 13.9%, respectively. The percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name and from an essential drug list was 98% and 100%, respectively. On average, patients spent 4.7 min for consultation and 105 s for dispensing. From 1305 prescribed drugs, 92% were dispensed, while only 4% were labeled adequately. More than half (54.8%) of patients had adequate knowledge of their medication. None of the health centers had an essential drug list. The availability of key essential medicines was 64.10%. Conclusion This study demonstrated irrational drug use practices in all healthcare facilities. Polypharmacy, antibiotics over-prescribing, short consultation and dispensing times, inadequate labeling of medicines, inadequate level of patients' knowledge about prescribed medicines, and unavailability of key drugs in stock were found to be the major problems. Continuous refreshment trainings on rational use of drugs and WHO recommendations should be given for prescribers and pharmacists. Further, we recommend studies involving large number of facilities to estimate overall prescribing practices.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude, practice of rational use of medicines among junior residents in a tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 2001
Author(s):  
Hooli Tanuja V. ◽  
. Srikanth ◽  
Somashekara S. C. ◽  
Suraj B.
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Junior Residents ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: Irrational use of prescribing is on the rise due to many factors like false beliefs, following a prescribing pattern of senior doctors, inadequate knowledge, ignorance, promotional activities for the profit of professionals by pharmaceutical industry and lack of enforcement of regulations by regulatory authorities. Junior residents are exposed to variety of prescribing patterns in the first year and are the future physicians and specialists. There are very few studies among JRs, hence the present study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of junior residents about rational use of medicines.Methods: This was a cross-sectional, questionnaire based study conducted among JRs at a tertiary care hospital in South India in June 2015. The participants were explained about the study and consent was taken. Permission was obtained from institutional ethics committee. Identity of the residents was kept confidential. A self-developed, pre-validated, semi-structured questionnaire consisting of both open-ended and closed-ended items was used. Questionnaire was designed to obtain information about the knowledge, attitude and practice of RUM. The data was recorded and analyzed using Microsoft Excel (2013 version) and the results are explained in frequency and percentage.Results: The knowledge related to essential medicines list (EML), P drugs and schedule H drugs was limited. Participants had limited knowledge about the revision of EML list, number of fixed dose combinations (FDCs)in EML, STEP criteria for choosing a P drug and advantages of choosing a P drug Most of the JRs frequently prescribed drugs from EML. Trade name and newer drugs were prescribed around 50%. The prescription of FDCs from EML was very low (6%). Around 50% of JRs prescribe medicines with both generic and brand name.Conclusions: Majority of JRs were aware about various issues concerned with RUM but the knowledge related to EML, P drugs, schedule H drugs and number of FDCs in EML was limited.  As junior residents are future prescribers, they need to be aware of all the aspects of RUM. Inadequate/improper knowledge in the above areas is a matter of concern and needs to be addressed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document