The Potential Cost Effectiveness of Different Dengue Vaccination Programmes in Malaysia: A Value-Based Pricing Assessment Using Dynamic Transmission Mathematical Modelling

Mindfulness-based group therapy is a rapidly growing psychological approach that can potentially help people adjust to chronic illness and manage unpleasant symptoms. Emerging evidence suggests that mindfulness-based interventions may benefit people with Parkinson’s. The objective of the paper is to examine the appropriateness, feasibility, and potential cost-effectiveness of an online mindfulness intervention, designed to reduce anxiety and depression for people with Parkinson’s. We conducted a feasibility randomized control trial and qualitative interviews. Anxiety, depression, pain, insomnia, fatigue, impact on daily activities and health-related quality of life were measured at baseline, 4, 8, and 20 weeks. Semi-structured interviews were conducted at the end of the intervention. Participants were randomized to the Skype delivered mindfulness group (n = 30) or wait-list (n = 30). Participants in the mindfulness group were also given a mindfulness manual and a CD with mindfulness meditations. The intervention did not show any significant effects in the primary or secondary outcome measures. However, there was a significant increase in the quality of life measure. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was estimated to be £27,107 per Quality-Adjusted Life Year gained. Also, the qualitative study showed that mindfulness is a suitable and acceptable intervention. It appears feasible to run a trial delivering mindfulness through Skype, and people with Parkinson’s found the sessions acceptable and helpful.

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Potential cost-effectiveness of therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with resistant hypertension

Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1097/hjh.0000000000000346 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (12) ◽

pp. 2411-2421 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Oliver Chung ◽

Wanpen Vongpatanasin ◽

Klaus Bonaventura ◽

Yair Lotan ◽

Christian Sohns ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽

Drug Monitoring ◽

Resistant Hypertension ◽

Therapeutic Drug ◽

Potential Cost

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Cost Effectiveness of a Home-Based Intervention That Helps Functionally Vulnerable Older Adults Age in Place at Home

Journal of Aging Research ◽

10.1155/2012/680265 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Eric Jutkowitz ◽

Laura N. Gitlin ◽

Laura T. Pizzi ◽

Edward Lee ◽

Marie P. Dennis

Keyword(s):

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Model Parameters ◽

Potential Cost ◽

Functional Difficulties ◽

Age In Place ◽

Home Based ◽

Occupational And Physical Therapy ◽

Home Based Intervention

Evaluating cost effectiveness of interventions for aging in place is essential for adoption in service settings. We present the cost effectiveness of Advancing Better Living for Elders (ABLE), previously shown in a randomized trial to reduce functional difficulties and mortality in 319 community-dwelling elders. ABLE involved occupational and physical therapy sessions and home modifications to address client-identified functional difficulties, performance goals, and home safety. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), expressed as additional cost to bring about one additional year of life, was calculated. Two models were then developed to account for potential cost differences in implementing ABLE. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to account for variations in model parameters. By two years, there were 30 deaths (9: ABLE; 21: control). Additional costs for 1 additional year of life was $13,179 for Model 1 and $14,800 for Model 2. Investment in ABLE may be worthwhile depending on society's willingness to pay.

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Cost-Effectiveness of Oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis and Expanded Antiretroviral Therapy for Preventing HIV Infections in the Presence of Drug Resistance: A Mathematical Modelling Study

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3950264 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xinye Jin ◽

Lingen Shi ◽

Congyue Wang ◽

Tao Qiu ◽

Yi Yin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Resistance ◽

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Mathematical Modelling ◽

Hiv Infections ◽

Exposure Prophylaxis ◽

Modelling Study

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Potential Cost-effectiveness of HIV Viral Load Sample Collection and Testing Methods in Malawi

10.21203/rs.2.13295/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Joseph B. Babigumira ◽

Solomon J. Lubinga ◽

Mindy M. Cheng ◽

James K. Karichu ◽

Louis P. Garrison

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Treatment Failure ◽

Test Accuracy ◽

Sample Collection ◽

Testing Methods ◽

Hiv Viral Load ◽

Potential Cost ◽

Testing Approach ◽

The Cost

Abstract Background HIV viral load (VL) monitoring informs antiretroviral therapy failure and helps to guide regimen changes. Typically, VL monitoring is performed using dried blood spot (DBS) samples transported and tested in a centralized laboratory. Novel sample collection technologies based on dried plasma stored on a plasma separation card (PSC) have become available. The cost-effectiveness of these different testing approaches to monitor VL is uncertain, especially in resource-limited settings. The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential cost-effectiveness of HIV VL testing approaches with PSC samples compared to DBS samples in Malawi. Methods We developed a decision-tree model to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of two different sample collection and testing methods—DBS and PSC samples transported and tested at central laboratories. The analysis used data from the published literature and was performed from the Malawi Ministry of Health perspective. We estimated costs of sample collection, transportation, and testing. The primary clinical outcome was test accuracy (proportion of patients correctly classified with or without treatment failure). Sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the robustness of results. Results The estimated test accuracy for a DBS testing approach was 87.5% compared to 97.4% for an approach with PSC. The estimated total cost per patient of a DBS testing approach was $19.39 compared to $17.73 for a PSC approach. Based on this, a PSC-based testing approach “dominates” a DBS-based testing approach (i.e., lower cost and higher accuracy). Conclusion The base-case analysis shows that a testing approach using PSC sample is less costly and more accurate (correctly classifies more patients with or without treatment failure) than with a DBS approach. Our study suggests that a PSC testing approach is likely an optimal strategy for routine HIV VL monitoring in Malawi. However, given the limited data regarding sample viability, additional real-world data are needed to validate the results.

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Cost-effectiveness of obeticholic acid for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: an early economic evaluation

Canadian Liver Journal ◽

10.3138/canlivj-2021-0011 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. e20210011

Author(s):

Chanh-Phong Tran ◽

John J Kim ◽

Jordan J Feld ◽

William WL Wong

Keyword(s):

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Drug Cost ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Cost Utility ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Decompensated Cirrhosis ◽

Obeticholic Acid ◽

Potential Cost ◽

Alcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽

Early Results

Background: Currently, there are no pharmacological options available for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In the 18-month interim analysis of an ongoing randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial (REGENERATE), early results demonstrated that obeticholic acid (OCA) 25 mg significantly improved fibrosis with no worsening of NASH among patients with NASH and fibrosis compared to placebo (PBO). This study aimed to assess the potential cost-effectiveness of OCA compared to PBO in NASH patients. Methods: A state-transition model was developed to perform a cost-utility analysis comparing two treatment strategies, PBO and OCA 25 mg, from a Canadian public payer perspective. The model time horizon was lifetime with annual cycle lengths. Cost and utility parameters were discounted at 1.5% annually. The efficacy data were obtained from the REGENERATE trial, and costs and utilities were derived from other published literature. Probabilistic and deterministic sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of the model. Results: Treatment with OCA led to reductions of 3.58% in decompensated cirrhosis cases, 3.95% in hepatocellular carcinoma, 7.88% in liver transplant, and 6.01% in liver-related death. However, at an annual price of CDN$36,000, OCA failed to be cost-effective compared to PBO at an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $815,514 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY). An 88% reduction in drug price to an annual cost of $4,300 would make OCA cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $50,000/QALY. Conclusions: OCA failed to be cost-effective compared to PBO, despite demonstrating clinical benefits due to a high drug cost. A significant price reduction would be needed to make the drug cost-effective.

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Innovation in Laboratory Medicine

Advances in Business Strategy and Competitive Advantage - Handbook of Research on Business Models in Modern Competitive Scenarios ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-7265-7.ch007 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 117-137

Author(s):

Carlos Lemos

Keyword(s):

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Resource Management ◽

Outcome Measures ◽

Laboratory Tests ◽

Laboratory Medicine ◽

Process Change ◽

Medical Test ◽

A Value ◽

Improve Patient

Laboratory medicine has a unique capability to evaluate the correct management of a medical test, its results, and the decisions it can determine. Therefore, laboratory medicine should try to improve patient outcomes, while improving quality and productivity, so that innovation in healthcare may proceed. Innovation in laboratory medicine demands an adequate identification of the unmet clinical need, evidence of clinical and cost-effectiveness of laboratory tests, and a managed implementation that takes into account the process change, appropriate resource management, and monitoring of outcomes. The main objectives of this chapter are to elucidate the role of innovation in laboratory medicine, identifying its main issues and the barriers it faces; to define a value proposition for laboratory tests and to point out several outcome measures that can be adopted in laboratory medicine.

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CME Quiz: The Potential Cost-Effectiveness of Amblyopia Screening Programs

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus ◽

10.3928/01913913-20120509-01 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 145-156

Keyword(s):

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Potential Cost ◽

Screening Programs

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Long-lasting microbial larvicides for controlling insecticide resistant and outdoor transmitting vectors: a cost-effective supplement for malaria interventions

Infectious Diseases of Poverty ◽

10.1186/s40249-020-00767-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Guofa Zhou ◽

Eugenia Lo ◽

Andrew K. Githeko ◽

Yaw A. Afrane ◽

Guiyun Yan

Keyword(s):

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Vector Control ◽

Malaria Vector ◽

Indoor Residual Spraying ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Control Measures ◽

Malaria Vector Control ◽

Potential Cost ◽

Outdoor Transmission ◽

Indoor And Outdoor

AbstractThe issues of pyrethroid resistance and outdoor malaria parasite transmission have prompted the WHO to call for the development and adoption of viable alternative vector control methods. Larval source management is one of the core malaria vector interventions recommended by the Ministry of Health in many African countries, but it is rarely implemented due to concerns on its cost-effectiveness. New long-lasting microbial larvicide can be a promising cost-effective supplement to current vector control and elimination methods because microbial larvicide uses killing mechanisms different from pyrethroids and other chemical insecticides. It has been shown to be effective in reducing the overall vector abundance and thus both indoor and outdoor transmission. In our opinion, the long-lasting formulation can potentially reduce the cost of larvicide field application, and should be evaluated for its cost-effectiveness, resistance development, and impact on non-target organisms when integrating with other malaria vector control measures. In this opinion, we highlight that long-lasting microbial larvicide can be a potential cost-effective product that complements current front-line long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) programs for malaria control and elimination. Microbial larviciding targets immature mosquitoes, reduces both indoor and outdoor transmission and is not affected by vector resistance to synthetic insecticides. This control method is a shift from the conventional LLINs and IRS programs that mainly target indoor-biting and resting adult mosquitoes.

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