scholarly journals Non-accidental Trauma in Infants: a Review of Evidence-Based Strategies for Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick T. Delaplain ◽  
Yigit S. Guner ◽  
Corey J. Rood ◽  
Jeffry Nahmias
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Minority Children ◽  
Missed Opportunities ◽  
Accidental Trauma ◽  
Preventative Intervention ◽  
Non Accidental Trauma

Abstract Purpose of Review To provide a resource for providers that may be involved in the diagnosis and management of infant non-accidental trauma (NAT). Recent Findings Infants are more likely to both suffer from physical abuse and die from their subsequent injuries. There are missed opportunities among providers for recognizing sentinel injuries. Minority children are overrepresented in the reporting of child maltreatment, and there is systemic bias in the evaluation and treatment of minority victims of child abuse. Summary Unfortunately, no single, primary preventative intervention has been conclusively shown to reduce the incidence of child maltreatment. Standardized algorithms for NAT screening have been shown to increase the bias-free utilization of NAT evaluations. Every healthcare provider that interacts with children has a responsibility to recognize warning signs of NAT, be able to initiate the evaluation for suspected NAT, and understand their role as a mandatory reporter.

Child abuse and mandatory reporting: A review in progress

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant Holland
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Psychological Abuse ◽  
Mandatory Reporting ◽  
Physical Injury

In Victoria, and to some extent Australia, the last two decades have seen some clarification in the classification of the various forms of child maltreatment and abuse. Currently, the major recognised forms of child abuse are acknowledged as being:• physical abuse or non-accidental physical injury;• sexual abuse and exploitation;• emotional/psychological abuse; and• neglect.

scholarly journals A community-based parent-support programme to prevent child maltreatment: Protocol for a randomised controlled trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mairead Furlong ◽  
Ann Stokes ◽  
Sinead McGilloway ◽  
Grainne Hickey ◽  
Yvonne Leckey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Child Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Randomised Controlled

The prevention of child abuse and neglect is a global public health priority due to its serious, long-lasting effects on personal, social, and economic outcomes. The Children At Risk Model (ChARM) is a wraparound-inspired intervention that coordinates evidence-based parenting- and home-visiting programmes, along with community-based supports, in order to address the multiple and complex needs of families at risk of child abuse or neglect. This paper presents the protocol for a study that will be carried out to evaluate this new service model (i.e. no results available as yet). The study comprises a multi-centre, randomised controlled trial, with embedded economic and process evaluations. The study will be conducted in two child-welfare agencies within socially disadvantaged settings in Ireland. Families with children aged 3-11 years who are at risk of maltreatment (n = 50) will be randomised to either the 20-week ChARM programme (n = 25) or to standard care (n = 25) using a 1:1 allocation ratio. The primary outcomes are incidences of child maltreatment and child behaviour and wellbeing. Secondary outcomes include quality of parent-child relationships, parental stress, mental health, substance use, recorded incidences of substantiated abuse, and out-of-home placements. Assessments will take place at pre-intervention, and at 6- and 12-month follow-up periods. The study is the first evaluation of a wraparound-inspired intervention, incorporating evidence-based programmes, designed to prevent child abuse and neglect within high risk families where children are still living in the home. The findings will offer a unique contribution to the development, implementation and evaluation of effective interventions in the prevention of child abuse and neglect. The trial is registered with the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number Register (DOI 10.1186/ISRCTN13644600, Date of registration: 3rd June 2015).

Improving Evidence-Based Non-Accidental Trauma Screening in a Pediatric Emergency Department

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roselyn Appenteng ◽  
Heather Williams ◽  
Emily Fain ◽  
Barron Frazier ◽  
Christopher Daly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Pediatric Emergency Department ◽  
Accidental Trauma ◽  
Non Accidental Trauma

Child Abuse-Non-accidental Trauma (NAT)

2017 ◽  
pp. 393-395
Author(s):  
Melvin C. Makhni ◽  
Eric C. Makhni ◽  
Eric F. Swart ◽  
Charles S. Day
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Accidental Trauma ◽  
Non Accidental Trauma

scholarly journals The Effects of Corona Virus Pandemic on Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Keneth Tumwesigye
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Welfare ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Well Being ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Cognitive Reframing ◽  
As Stress ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background. With the outbreak of the deadly COVID -19 worldwide, children are at the risk of child abuse due to rising unemployment rates and school closures. The corona virus pandemic has caused a lot of stress especially to parents and guardians who have lost their jobs and such stress has heightened and increased family violence especially abuse against children. Methods A sample of 26 Child welfare professionals (64% female and 36% male ) practicing in Uganda completed  a web survey regarding the COVID-19 experiences especially in connection to child welfare service delivery and well being during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results This study identified the impact of corona virus pandemic on the life of children associated with child abuse and their coping measures. The fact that COVID-19 will continue to spread rapidly worldwide has caused immense consequences in regard to children’s safety and well-being. The major consequence of the pandemic is the risk of increased child maltreatment perpetuated by parents who lost their jobs as a result of the pandemic. This study identified parental job loss during the COVID-19 pandemic as the main cause for child maltreatment and physical abuse. Nevertheless, the findings support cognitive reframing as a measure to control physical abuse by parents.  The financial hardships caused by COVID-19 pandemic will continue to negatively impact children’s safety and well-being. The consequences of COVID-19 pandemic are evident that the risk of child maltreatment increases as stress accumulates. Conclusion  In conclusion, as world leaders and scientists make efforts to tackle the public health and economic threat resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic; further research on the impact of COVID-19 on family existence and functioning will be significant in establishing empirically based policies, interventions and different practices to support victims of child maltreatment and physical abuse.

scholarly journals A community-based parent-support programme to prevent child maltreatment: Protocol for a randomised controlled trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Mairead Furlong ◽  
Sinead McGilloway ◽  
Ann Stokes ◽  
Grainne Hickey ◽  
Yvonne Leckey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Child Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Randomised Controlled

The prevention of child abuse and neglect is a global public health priority due to its serious, long-lasting effects on personal, social, and economic outcomes. The Children At Risk Model (ChARM) is a wraparound-inspired intervention that coordinates evidence-based parenting- and home-visiting programmes, along with community-based supports, in order to address the multiple and complex needs of families at risk of child abuse or neglect. The study comprises a multi-centre, randomised controlled trial, with embedded economic and process evaluations. The study is being conducted in two child-welfare agencies within socially disadvantaged settings in Ireland. Families with children aged 3-11 years who are at risk of maltreatment (n = 50) will be randomised to either the 20-week ChARM programme (n = 25) or to standard care (n = 25) using a 1:1 allocation ratio. The primary outcomes are incidences of child maltreatment and child behaviour and wellbeing. Secondary outcomes include quality of parent-child relationships, parental stress, mental health, substance use, recorded incidences of substantiated abuse, and out-of-home placements. Assessments will take place at pre-intervention, and at 6- and 12-month follow-up periods. The study is the first evaluation of a wraparound-inspired intervention, incorporating evidence-based programmes, designed to prevent child abuse and neglect within intact families. The findings offer a unique contribution to the development, implementation and evaluation of effective interventions in the prevention of child abuse and neglect. The trial is registered with the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number Register (DOI 10.1186/ISRCTN13644600, Date of registration: 3rd June 2015).

Child Abuse and Mandatory Reporting

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Grant Holland
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Mandatory Reporting ◽  
Physical Injury ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Single Child ◽  
Failure To Protect

In Victoria, and to some extent Australia, the last two decades have seen some clarification in the classification of the various forms of child maltreatment and abuse. Currently, the major forms of child abuse are acknowledged as being:In Victoria, and to some extent Australia, the last two decades have seen some clarification in the classification of the various forms of child maltreatment and abuse. Currently, the major forms of child abuse are acknowledged as being physical abuse or non-accidental physical injury; sexual abuse and exploitation; emotional/psychological abuse and neglect. These forms of maltreatment often convey an implied message of non-accidental or committed harm against children. Abuse, however, can often occur by neglect or a failure to protect children, and therefore can be characterised as abuse by ommission. Many practitioners and professionals now use the term 'child abuse and neglect' rather than the single 'child abuse' term.

scholarly journals Assessing the Relational Nature of Child Physical Abuse and Neglect Among 12-Year-Old Girls

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Corrine Ann Dale
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Child Neglect ◽  
Child Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Child Physical Abuse ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Mother Child Relationship

Child maltreatment is a historical and current problem in the United States. Children are exposed to physical abuse, neglect, and sexual abuse in alarming numbers. In 2014, state agencies found an estimated 702,000 victims of child maltreatment. With two thirds of this group representing child neglect victims, research studies and effective interventions are needed for this group in particular. This study examined the relational nature of child neglect versus child physical abuse. The sample population consisted of 68 girls aged 12 years old at the Midwest site of the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect research project. The secondary analysis was completed with descriptive, correlational, and multiple regression analyses. The results of the analysis revealed the mother–child relationship was significantly related to the presence of neglect and was significantly related to the presence of physical abuse. Peer relationships were not found to be significantly related to the presence of neglect or physical abuse. In the multiple-regression analysis, child neglect versus child physical abuse was more predictive of a negative mother–child relationship. Of note, the outcomes of the study lead to a better understanding of the need for relational interventions in treating victims of child abuse and neglect, as well as the relational nature of abuse and neglect demand interventions that focus on the victim and the caregiver/perpetrator. Such interventions can only result in socially and emotionally connected individuals, improving the functioning of the adolescent and the future adult.

Child Abuse: Overview and Evaluation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines

Get practical and essential evidence-based guidelines and AAP references for evaluating and treating sentinel injuries, physical abuse, and sexual abuse. https://shop.aap.org/pediatric-collections-child-abuse-overview-and-evaluation-paperback/

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document