Publisher Correction to: Compression Sleeve Changes Corticomuscular Connectivity and Sensorimotor Function

The incidence of delay in language development and difficulties in speech articulation was determined in 71 children selected because of a history of prior physical immobilization. Ten children were referred for psychological evaluation after contact with a speech department, 44 presented with a variety of learning and behavioral difficulties, and 17 children were known through social contacts. Nine children were clearly brain damaged while 13 showed questionable evidence of brain damage. Language delay and speech articulation problems occurred in at least 55% of the children in the various groups. Young age (4.7 months) at the time of the initial restraint experience, but not the duration of the initial restraint experience, was positively related to the presence of language delay and articulation problems. Interference with sensorimotor function not directly involved in receptive or expressive speech functions might well he implicated in language and speech disturbances.

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Differences in Joint-Position Sense and Vibratory Threshold in Runners With and Without a History of Overuse Injury

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2013-0089 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 6-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Tiffany Switlick ◽

Thomas W. Kernozek ◽

Stacey Meardon

Keyword(s):

Postural Control ◽

Outcome Measures ◽

Overuse Injury ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Sensory Threshold ◽

Sensorimotor Function ◽

Joint Position ◽

Ankle Eversion ◽

History Of

Context:A relationship between altered postural control and injury has been reported in sports. Sensorimotor function serves a fundamental role in postural control and is not often studied in runners. Persons who sustain running injury may have altered sensorimotor function contributing to risk of injury or reinjury.Objectives:To determine if differences in knee and ankle proprioception or plantar sensation exist between injured and noninjured runners.Design:Retrospective case-control study.Setting:University campus.Participants:Twenty runners with a history of lower-extremity overuse injury and 20 noninjured runners were examined. Injured runners were subcategorized into 2 groups based on site of injury: foot/ankle and knee/hip.Main Outcome Measures:Active absolute joint-repositioning error of the ankle at 20° inversion and 10° eversion and the knee at 15° and 40° flexion was assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer. Vibratory threshold at the calcaneus, arch, and great toe was determined for each subject using a handheld electric sensory threshold instrument.Results:Runners in the injured-foot/ankle group had increased absolute error during ankle-eversion repositioning (6.55° ± 3.58°) compared with those in the noninjured (4.04° ± 1.78°, P = .01) and the hip/knee (3.63° ± 2.2°, P = .01) groups. Runners in the injured group, as a whole, had greater sensitivity in the arch of the plantar surface (2.94 ± 0.52 V) than noninjured runners (2.38 ± 0.53 V, P = .02).Conclusions:Differences in ankle-eversion proprioception between runners with a history of ankle and foot injuries and noninjured runners were observed. Runners with a history of injury also displayed an increased vibratory threshold in the arch region compared with noninjured runners. Poor ankle-joint-position sense and increased plantar sensitivity suggest altered sensorimotor function after injury. These factors may influence underlying postural control and contribute to altered loading responses commonly observed in injured runners.

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