scholarly journals A practical experiment to teach students continuous flow and physico-chemical methods: acetylation of ethylene diamine in liquid bi-phase

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Bayana ◽  
A. John Blacker ◽  
Adam D. Clayton ◽  
Katherine E. Jolley ◽  
Ricardo Labes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Flow Chemistry ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Flow Reactors ◽  
Multiple Parameters ◽  
Continuous Flow Chemistry ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Synthetic Reactions ◽  
Continuous Flow Reactors

Abstract Despite growing applications being reported both in academia and industry, continuous flow chemistry remains a relatively untaught field across most chemistry undergraduate courses. This is particularly true in laboratory practical classes, where it is often deemed simpler to carry out synthetic reactions in traditional batch mode using round-bottomed flasks. Herein, we report the development of an undergraduate project that utilises cheap and readily available materials to construct continuous flow reactors. The students compare the performance of different types of reactors and conditions in a biphasic selective acetylation of a symmetrical diamine. Throughout the investigation, the students can vary multiple parameters as they optimise the reaction, thus actively learning and readjusting them based on their improved understanding. The experiments give the students an appreciation of continuous flow techniques in comparison to batch.

Integrated Synthesis Using Isothiocyanate-Substituted Aryllithiums by Flow Chemistry

Synlett ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (19) ◽  
pp. 1899-1902
Author(s):  
Jun-ichi Yoshida ◽  
Heejin Kim ◽  
Hyune-Jea Lee ◽  
Daiki Torii ◽  
Yongju Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Exchange Reaction ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Flow Chemistry ◽  
Fluorescent Labeling ◽  
Pharmaceutical Chemistry ◽  
Flow Reactors ◽  
Flow Generation ◽  
Continuous Flow Reactors

The isothiocyanate (NCS) group is an attractive functional group in the field of organic and pharmaceutical chemistry. It can be transformed into other heteroatomic functional groups. It usually acts as the inductive group of biological activity and has also been traditionally used as the fluorescent-labeling reagent. However, it is not compatible with strong bases. When the NCS group is at para position in halobenzenes, it generally undergoes nucleophilic additions upon reaction with strong bases. To the best of our knowledge, there is currently no general methodology for the formation and reactions of NCS-functionalized aryllithiums for meta and para substituents. Herein, we report the continuous-flow generation of NCS-substituted aryllithiums from the corresponding haloarenes via a selective halogen–lithium exchange reaction and its reaction with various electrophiles to yield NCS-containing products. We also achieved an integrated synthesis through sequential reactions of the NCS-containing compounds with additional nucleophiles using the continuous-flow reactors.

scholarly journals Continuous flow chemistry: a discovery tool for new chemical reactivity patterns

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 3611-3615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Hartwig ◽  
Jan B. Metternich ◽  
Nikzad Nikbin ◽  
Andreas Kirschning ◽  
Steven V. Ley
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Chemical Reactivity ◽  
Flow Chemistry ◽  
Reactivity Pattern ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Continuous Flow Chemistry

A new reactivity pattern and extended reaction scope has been obtained by transferring a reaction from batch mode to flow.

scholarly journals Stereoselective organocatalysis and flow chemistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Puglisi ◽  
Sergio Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Flow Chemistry ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Enabling Technology ◽  
Catalytic Reactors ◽  
Continuous Flow Chemistry ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Stereoselective Reactions

AbstractOrganic synthesis has traditionally been performed in batch. Continuous-flow chemistry was recently rediscovered as an enabling technology to be applied to the synthesis of organic molecules. Organocatalysis is a well-established methodology, especially for the preparation of enantioenriched compounds. In this chapter we discuss the use of chiral organocatalysts in continuous flow. After the classification of the different types of catalytic reactors, in Section 2, each class will be discussed with the most recent and significant examples reported in the literature. In Section 3 we discuss homogeneous stereoselective reactions in flow, with a look at the stereoselective organophotoredox transformations in flow. This research topic is emerging as one of the most powerful method to prepare enantioenriched products with structures that would otherwise be challenging to make. Section 4 describes the use of supported organocatalysts in flow chemistry. Part of the discussion will be devoted to the choice of the support. Examples of packed-bed, monolithic and inner-wall functionalized reactors will be introduced and discussed. We hope to give an overview of the potentialities of the combination of (supported) chiral organocatalysts and flow chemistry.

scholarly journals The synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) using continuous flow chemistry

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 1194-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Baumann ◽  
Ian R Baxendale
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Flow Chemistry ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Enabling Technology ◽  
Flow Reactors ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Continuous Flow Chemistry ◽  
Line Analysis

The implementation of continuous flow processing as a key enabling technology has transformed the way we conduct chemistry and has expanded our synthetic capabilities. As a result many new preparative routes have been designed towards commercially relevant drug compounds achieving more efficient and reproducible manufacture. This review article aims to illustrate the holistic systems approach and diverse applications of flow chemistry to the preparation of pharmaceutically active molecules, demonstrating the value of this strategy towards every aspect ranging from synthesis, in-line analysis and purification to final formulation and tableting. Although this review will primarily concentrate on large scale continuous processing, additional selected syntheses using micro or meso-scaled flow reactors will be exemplified for key transformations and process control. It is hoped that the reader will gain an appreciation of the innovative technology and transformational nature that flow chemistry can leverage to an overall process.

scholarly journals Tailored sol–gel immobilized lipase preparates for the enzymatic kinetic resolution of heteroaromatic alcohols in batch and continuous flow systems

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (83) ◽  
pp. 52977-52987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mădălina Elena Moisă ◽  
Cristina Georgiana Spelmezan ◽  
Cristina Paul ◽  
Judith Hajnal Bartha-Vári ◽  
László Csaba Bencze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Kinetic Resolution ◽  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Flow Mode ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Flow Reactors ◽  
Immobilized Lipases ◽  
Enzymatic Kinetic Resolution ◽  
Continuous Flow Reactors

The EKR of some heteroaromatic secondary ethanols with tailored sol–gel immobilized lipases in batch and continuous-flow reactors was studied. The productivity in continuous-flow mode is higher than in batch mode.

Continuous flow reactors: a perspective

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Wiles ◽  
Paul Watts
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Flow Reactors ◽  
Continuous Flow Reactors

scholarly journals Application of Reactor Engineering Concepts in Continuous Flow Chemistry: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Candice Neyt ◽  
Darren Lyall Riley
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Flow Chemistry ◽  
The Past ◽  
Continuous Flow Chemistry

The adoption of flow technology for the manufacture of chemical entities, and in particular pharmaceuticals, has seen rapid growth over the past two decades with the technology now blurring the...

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