The heterostructured nanocomposite of EPS/PVA/Ag-TiO2 for sewage treatment by COD removal

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
N G Salini ◽  
Rosy Antony
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Cod Removal

COD removal efficiency and mechanism of HMBR in high volumetric loading for ship domestic sewage treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1509-1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linan Zhu ◽  
Hailing He ◽  
Chunli Wang
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Aeration Tank ◽  
Remarkable Effect ◽  
Cod Removal Efficiency ◽  
Volumetric Loading

The hybrid membrane bioreactor (HMBR) has been applied in ship domestic sewage treatment under high volumetric loading for ship space saving. The mechanism and influence factors on the efficiency, including hydraulic retention time (HRT), dissolved oxygen (DO) of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal were investigated. The HMBR's average COD removal rate was up to 95.13% on volumetric loading of 2.4 kgCOD/(m3•d) and the COD concentration in the effluent was 48.5 mg/L, far below the International Maritime Organization (IMO) discharge standard of 125 mg/L. DO had a more remarkable effect on the COD removal efficiency than HRT. In addition, HMBR revealed an excellent capability of resisting organics loading impact. Within the range of volumetric loading of 0.72 to 4.8 kg COD/(m3•d), the effluent COD concentration satisfied the discharge requirement of IMO. It was found that the organics degradation in the aeration tank followed the first-order reaction, with obtained kinetic parameters of vmax (2.79 d−1) and Ks (395 mg/L). The original finding of this study had shown the effectiveness of HMBR in organic contaminant degradation at high substrate concentration, which can be used as guidance in the full scale of the design, operation and maintenance of ship domestic sewage treatment devices.

Removal of organics and nitrogen in sewage treatment using anoxic-aerobic recirculated filter

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 309-314
Author(s):  
S. Tanaka ◽  
A. Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge

The anoxic-aerobic recirculated filter (AARF) process was investigated on removal effciencies of organics and nitrogen with regard to loading rates, recirculation ratios of nitrified liquor and contribution of methane production and sulfate reduction in the treatment of the municipal sewage. The AARF process is composed of an anoxic filter for denitrification and an aerobic filter for nitrification and some of the nitrified liquor in the aerobic filter is recirculated to the anoxic filter. The AARF process successfully removed organics and nitrogen achieving high removal rates of 88% for COD and 64-74% for nitrogen. The recirculation ratio (Re) did not affect the COD removal efficiency but did affect the nitrogen removal, which was enhanced at a higher ratio (Re = 4). The methane production was not contributive to the COD removal but the COD consumed by the sulfate reduction was equivalent to 17% of total COD removed at Re = 2. We confirmed that the AARF process was applicable to the sewage treatment including nitrogen removal at a hydraulic retention time close to that of the conventional activated sludge process.

Removal efficiency and methanogenic activity profiles in a pilot-scale UASB reactor treating settled sewage at moderate temperatures

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Seghezzo ◽  
R.G. Guerra ◽  
S.M. González ◽  
A.P. Trupiano ◽  
M.E. Figueroa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Methanogenic Activity

The performance of a sewage treatment system consisting of a settler followed by an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Bed (UASB) reactor is described. Mean ambient and sewage temperature were 16.5 and 21.6°C, respectively. Total Chemical Oxygen Demand (CODt) concentration averaged 224.2 and 152.6 mg/L, for raw and settled sewage, respectively. The effluent concentration was 68.5 mgCODt/L. Total and suspended COD removal efficiencies of approximately 70 and 80%, respectively, have been observed in the system at a mean Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of 2 + 5 h. Maximum COD removal efficiency was achieved in the UASB reactor when upflow velocity (Vup) was 0.43 m/h (HRT = 6 h). Mean Specific Methanogenic Activity (SMA) and Volatile Suspended Solids (VSS) concentration in the granular sludge bed were 0.11 gCOD-CH4/gVSS.d and 30.0 gVSS/Lsludge, respectively. SMA was inversely related to VSS concentration, and both parameters varied along the sludge bed height. The Solids Retention Time (SRT) in the reactor was 450 days. Sludge characteristics have not been affected by changes of up to one month in Vup in the range 0.28–0.85 m/h (HRT 3–9 h). This system or two UASB reactors in series could be an alternative for sewage treatment under moderate temperature conditions.

Assessment of COD Removal Characteristics of Night Soil Wastewater by Using a Shipboard Sewage Treatment System

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hyeon-Jo Ji ◽  
Byung-Gil Jung ◽  
Jin-Hee Jeong ◽  
Dae-Yeol Shin ◽  
Young-Ik Choi
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Sewage Treatment System

Low temperature treatment of domestic sewage in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket and anaerobic hybrid reactors

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek A. Elmitwalli ◽  
Marcel H. Zandvoort ◽  
Grietje Zeeman ◽  
Harry Bruning ◽  
Gatze Lettinga
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

The treatment of sewage at a temperature of 13°C was investigated in three reactors (each 3.84 litre) a UASB and two anaerobic hybrid (AH) reactors with small sludge granules with an average diameter of 0.73 mm. The media used in the AH reactors were vertical polyurethane foam sheets. The reactors were operated at a HRT of 8 h. The use of small sludge granules and operating the reactors at low upflow velocity (1.8 m/d) improved suspended COD removal efficiencies for the UASB reactor. Moreover, the use of sheets in the AH reactors significantly increased suspended COD removal efficiencies as compared to the UASB and reached to 87% for pre-settled sewage treatment. The treatment of pre-settled sewage instead of raw sewage in AH reactors significantly increased colloidal and dissolved COD removal efficiencies with 13% and 12% respectively and colloidal COD removal efficiency for the UASB reactor with 13%. At ‘steady state’ for pre-settled sewage treatment, the AH reactors removed 64% of the total COD which is significantly higher by 4% than the UASB reactor. Therefore, the anaerobic treatment of domestic sewage at low temperature can be improved by treating pre-settled sewage in shallow AH reactors containing small sludge granules.

Improvement of transport phenomena and COD removal through the design of manifolds in membrane aerated biofilm reactors for sewage treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 104298
Author(s):  
R. Plascencia-Jatomea ◽  
F.J. Almazán-Ruiz ◽  
J. Vazquez-Arenas ◽  
A.G. Villa-Lerma ◽  
F.F. Rivera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transport Phenomena ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Biofilm Reactors

Improvement of an integrated system of membrane bioreactor and worm reactor by phosphorus removal using additional post-chemical treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 2202-2210
Author(s):  
Jia Liu ◽  
Wei Zuo ◽  
Yu Tian ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Excess Sludge Reduction

A membrane bioreactor (MBR) coupled with a worm reactor (SSBWR) was designed as SSBWR-MBR for sewage treatment and excess sludge reduction. However, total phosphorus (TP) release caused by worm predation in the SSBWR could increase the effluent TP concentration in the SSBWR-MBR. To decrease the amount of TP excreted, chemical treatment reactor was connected after the SSBWR-MBR to remove the excess phosphorus (P). The effects of chemical treatment at different time intervals on the performance of the SSBWR-MBR were assessed. The results showed that a maximum TP removal efficiency of 21.5 ± 1.0% was achieved in the SSBWR-MBR after chemical treatment. More importantly, a higher sulfate concentration induced by chemical treatment could promote TP release in the SSBWR, which provided further TP removal from the SSBWR-MBR. Additionally, chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of the SSBWR-MBR was increased by 1.3% after effective chemical treatment. In the SSBWR-MBR, the chemical treatment had little effects on NH3-N removal and sludge production. Eventually, chemical treatment also alleviated the membrane fouling in the SSBWR-MBR. In this work, the improvement on TP, COD removal and membrane fouling alleviation was achieved in the SSBWR-MBR using additional chemical treatment.

Effect of Contacting Air Surface of Cathode on Microbial Fuel Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 548-549 ◽  
pp. 855-859
Author(s):  
Chin Tsan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Carbon Cloth ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Bacterial Oxidation ◽  
Positive Effect

Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) produce electricity through the bacterial oxidation of organic matter contained in the sediment, but the power density is limited and needs to be improved. In this study, a new design of a fined-type cathode with carbon cloth embedded partly, as opposed to completely, in SMFCs were utilized. As a result, the design allowing the cathode to contact air will have a positive effect on the power performance and decrease the resistance of the inner system. The power density in the cases where the cathode was about half soaked was about two folds the case where it was soaked completely. Furthermore, SMFCs would also be seen as a driving force in hastening the COD removal because it was about 1.92-folds the COD removal of the cases where SMFCs where not present. These findings can be applied to sewage treatment and improving the power performance in SMFCs.

Experimental Study on the Treatment of Sewage by Soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 464 ◽  
pp. 179-183
Author(s):  
Xiao Hui Wang ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Chong Hao Huang
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Column Experiment ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Column Experiments ◽  
Soil Thickness ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Cod Removal Rate

The bath static experiments were conducted to study the sewage treatment effects by the typical yellow-brown soil of Xuzhou, the results obtained in this study showed that: The COD removal rate was about 50% or so through experimental treatment. The three days dynamic and intermittent soil column experiments show that: The COD removal rate was more than 80% by the simulated soil column experiments; the dynamic intermittent and soil column experiment both show that soil thickness influence the effect of phosphorus removal, the thicker layers, the better removal rate; the effective depth of NH4-N removal is deeper than 15cm.

Study on Rural Sanitary Sewage Treatment in Compound Purifying Tank

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 2599-2603
Author(s):  
Gong Di Xu ◽  
Jin Zhao Hu ◽  
Zhao Hui Huang ◽  
Da Dong Zhan ◽  
Chong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Cod Removal Rate

In the present work, a novel compound purifying tank was adopted in the rural sanitary sewage treatment. The cultivation and acclimation of biological film could be completed in a short start-up by aerobic precoating. According to the running results,the average COD removal rate reached 59.62%,and the removal efficiency of TP was 33.4%.For the denitrogenation,the removal rates were not remarkable (21.7 to NH4+-N,21.9 to TN),but the large removal quantity of NH4+-N and TN were abtained as 8.58mg/L and 9.12mg/L,respectively. The study suggests that the compound purifying tank is a potential alternative for rural sanitary sewage treatment.

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