GNSS Double Differences Used as Beacon Landing System for Aircraft Instrument Approach

AbstractWhen using GNSS navigation for final approach guidance of aircraft to a landing site, the only systems currently available are differential GNSS with additional integrity data called augmentation systems. These work well when the landing site is fixed in space and well surveyed. In all other cases, augmentation systems are difficult to use. Here, we propose relative navigation based on GNSS double difference measurement to accomplish the same task, but also onto moving landing platforms or at unsurveyed locations. We call this the Beacon Landing System. Furthermore, we show long term measurement data confirming the sub-meter accuracy and results from flight tests. During the flight test we successfully used the relative navigation for aircraft guidance.

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Vertical distribution of greenhouse gases above Western Siberia by the long-term measurement data

Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics ◽

10.1134/s1024856009030087 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 316-324 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

M. Yu. Arshinov ◽

B. D. Belan ◽

D. K. Davydov ◽

G. Inouye ◽

Sh. Maksyutov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vertical Distribution ◽

Greenhouse Gases ◽

Western Siberia ◽

Measurement Data ◽

Long Term Measurement

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Development and Analysis of Long-Term Measurement Systems for Groundwater Level Using Electric Capacity

Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation ◽

10.9798/kosham.2021.21.6.227 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 227-237

Author(s):

Seok-Ju Kim ◽

Do-Kyun Kim

Keyword(s):

Groundwater Level ◽

Measuring Equipment ◽

Measurement Data ◽

Underground Water ◽

The Body ◽

Water Repellent ◽

Long Term Stability ◽

Electric Capacity ◽

Long Term Measurement

In soil dams and embankments made of soil, deterioration and stress release owing to internal and external influences occur, and the instability of the body increases as the shear strength decreases. In particular, understanding the location and flow of underground water is very important for securing the long-term stability of waterfront structures in contact with water. However, the physical limitations of measuring equipment cause many difficulties in understanding the existence and location of groundwater over a long period of time. In this study, measuring equipment using electric capacity was developed for the long-term measurement of groundwater, and contactless measuring sensors were manufactured to eliminate the possibility of corrosion by water. In addition, the precision of the measurement data was improved by applying waterproof and water-repellent coatings to the measurement sensor. Laboratory tests conducted using the developed equipment demonstrate the high precision of the measurement data according to the groundwater level change and enhanced durability of the sensor, which facilitate long-term measurements in the field.

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Study of Trends in Concentrations of Basic Air Pollutants in the Malopolska Province

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S ◽

10.2478/eces-2020-0035 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 567-578

Author(s):

Mariusz Filak ◽

Szymon Hoffman

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Environmental Protection ◽

Tropospheric Ozone ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Linear Equations ◽

Measurement Data ◽

Automatic Monitoring ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Long Term Measurement

Abstract The purpose of the paper was to analyse the trends observed at air monitoring stations in the Malopolska Province - one of the most polluted regions in Poland. The study was carried out on the basis of long-term measurement data registered at five selected stations of automatic monitoring of air quality in the Malopolska Province. Trends evaluation was made on the basis of mean annual concentrations, taken from the database of the Chief Inspectorate for Environmental Protection in Poland. Separately for each basic air pollutant, such as SO2, NO2, NOx, CO, PM10 and O3, trend lines and their linear equations were determined to illustrate the direction of changes in concentrations. The obtained equations of the trend lines indicate the threat to the environment in the Malopolska Province. Based on the results obtained it can be concluded that for recent years there has been observed the concentration decrease of main air pollutants, except of tropospheric ozone.

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Estimation of Dynamic Characteristics of Gageocho Ocean Research Station Using Long-term Measurement Data

Korea Society of Coastal Disaster Prevention ◽

10.20481/kscdp.2017.4.5.263 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

pp. 263-270

Author(s):

Wonsul Kim ◽

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Characteristics ◽

Measurement Data ◽

Research Station ◽

Long Term Measurement

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Squall Detection and Analysis From Historical Satellite Data

Volume 3: Structures, Safety, and Reliability ◽

10.1115/omae2019-96549 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

L. Renac ◽

D. P. Hurdle ◽

F. J. M. Enet ◽

J. De Vroom

Keyword(s):

Satellite Data ◽

Measurement Data ◽

Extreme Value Analysis ◽

Intermediate Water ◽

Design Data ◽

Value Analysis ◽

Design Values ◽

The Impact ◽

Long Term Measurement

Abstract Thunderstorms and squalls (fronts of contiguous thunderstorms) are associated with short but intense local winds that have a great impact on operability or design conditions for moored ship operations in the coastal zone. The brevity and local scale of such events makes them difficult to capture using standard measurement data and usually requires dedicated long-term measurement campaigns. Because the standard measurements available are usually based on 10-minute averages taken once an hour, such data is often not available. In the absence of conventional measured data, the use of satellite data can provide useful design data if analyzed and applied with caution. We present two case studies (West Africa and Brazil) where squalls have been identified in satellite data and used for extreme value analysis (EVA) to support the design of intermediate water depth mooring systems. The detection of squalls is confirmed with satellite imagery and the handling of this data for the EVA is presented in detail with assumptions made and the sensitivity of the results to these assumptions. The impact on design values is also discussed for both geographic locations.

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