scholarly journals “The trouble”, its maker, and Yang Gui’s confidence in “taming the troublemaker” with a 1962 bilateral agreement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiman Li ◽  
Wei Gao ◽  
Wei-Ning Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Bilateral Agreement

Russia's Baltic pipeline nearly ready but risks remain

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Content Type ◽  
Bilateral Agreement ◽  
The Us ◽  
Nord Stream ◽  
The Way

Significance Despite this, Biden indicated no change in the US position after a bilateral agreement with Germany effectively paved the way to completing the pipeline. Technically, Nord Stream 2 could begin partially operating in October. Impacts The recent spike in European gas prices to levels unseen since 2008 reinforces the case for Nord Stream 2's speedy completion. EU energy diversification, with a focus on renewables, poses long-term questions about the viability of both the Nord Stream pipelines. From October, Hungary will switch to Gazprom gas supplied via Serbia and Austria instead of through Ukrainian pipelines.

scholarly journals Cassini/Huygens Mission To Saturn: Results And Prospects

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 904-904
Author(s):  
Dennis L. Matson ◽  
Jean-Pierre Lebreton ◽  
Linda Spilker
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Outer Planet ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Bilateral Agreement ◽  
Interplanetary Trajectory ◽  
Jovian System ◽  
Intensive Observations ◽  
Scientific Results

The Cassini spacecraft was launched in October, 1997. Since then it has been on an interplanetary trajectory aimed toward Saturn and arriving there on July 1, 2004. En route, Cassini has flown by Venus, the Earth, and Jupiter. Each of these events yielded new scientific results, (e.g., 11 papers in J. Geophys. Res. 106, 30099-30279.) The Cassini flyby of Jupiter, with Galileo already in Jovian orbit, enabled the first-ever simultaneous measurements by two spacecraft at an outer planet. This fortuitous event provided a unique opportunity to investigate the giant planet’s magnetic field and the properties of the Jovian system. It provided a focused period for intensive observations of Jupiter and cooperation with investigators using Galileo, Hubble, Chandra, and ground-based observatories. The results achieved at Jupiter were stunning (e.g., 8 articles in Nature 415, 965-1005, February 28, 2002). Recent results and the current status of the spacecraft and mission will be discussed. Of note are the dates of July 1, 2004 when Cassini goes into orbit about Saturn and January 14, 2005 when Huygens enters the atmosphere of Titan. The Cassini/Huygens mission is a joint undertaking by NASA and ESA, with ASI as a partner via a bilateral agreement with NASA.

scholarly journals Chinas Entry Into WTO And Its Impact On EU

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki Hee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Trading Partner ◽  
Trade Barriers ◽  
Trade Reforms ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Market Opening ◽  
The Third ◽  
China Trade ◽  
Bilateral Agreement ◽  
The World ◽  
The Eu

The EU and China on May 19, 2000 reached a bilateral agreement toward Chinas membership in the WTO. The agreement brings China ever closer to completing its 14-yeas-old accession bid. China and the EU, two of the biggest markets in the world, have a everything to gain by deepening their commercial tides. Since 1978, EU and China trade has increased more than l0-fold. China is now the third largest important non-European trading partner. A strengthening of trade relations between China and EU is happening at the multilateral and bilateral level. Multilaterally, the EU is one of the keenest advocates of Chinas early accession to the WTO. Bilaterally, the EU supports Chinas economic and trade reforms, while encouraging further market opening. What is the EUs view on Chinas WTO accession? How does Chinas entry into WTO impact the EU? How will China benefit from joining the WTO? How does Chinas entry into WTO impact the EU? Will China comply with the agreements committed to EU? The purpose of this research is to evaluate trade performance, problems, current disputes, and other trade barriers between EU and China.

The Use of Bilateral Agreement Currencies for Trade with Third Countries

1956 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Barend A. de Vries ◽  
F. A. G. Keesing
Keyword(s):  
Bilateral Agreement

The impact of cross-border commuters on occupational wages: Comparison of some nonparametric tests and their application to unemployment in Geneva

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Saez
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Interaction ◽  
Nonparametric Tests ◽  
Wage Distribution ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Free Mobility ◽  
Bilateral Agreement ◽  
Unemployment Data ◽  
The Impact

The bilateral treaty on free mobility between the European Union and Switzerland has adversely affected native private sector low-skilled workers in the lower range of the earnings distribution. If cross-border commuters’ wages are prioritised over the local wages, the (pre-bilateral agreement) wage distribution between cross-border employees and local ones will intersect. This paper considers the statistical methods that can be used to test for this form of spatial interaction affecting the evolution of regional unemployment. Numerical simulations suggest that recently developed tests for distribution-crossing are powerful even when the two distributions under study are fairly similar, and that these tests can be usefully combined with more standard quantile tests to characterise unskilled occupational wages at the bottom. We apply this approach to unemployment data in Geneva and find that workforce participation among the local low-skilled workers was lower than that of low-qualified cross-border commuters.

3. The law of treaties

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-56
Author(s):  
Anders Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Vienna Convention ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
Bilateral Agreement ◽  
Concrete Application ◽  
The Law

This chapter examines the principles and rules of the international law of treaties as reflected in the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT). It discusses the treaty as a legal concept and provides an overview of the regulation of who can conclude treaties, how consent to be bound by a treaty is expressed, the rules on entry into force, treaty reservations, the interpretation of treaties, amendments and modifications, the invalidity of treaties and the termination of and withdrawal from treaties. The VCLT is meant to be applied to all types of written treaties and it therefore governs treaties as diverse as a bilateral agreement to construct infrastructure as well as a multilateral document such as the UN Charter. In practice, however, the concrete application of the Convention may differ depending on the type of treaties.

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