Reduced N Fertilizer Application with Optimal Blend of Controlled-Release Urea and Urea Improves Tomato Yield and Quality in Greenhouse Production System

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1741-1750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoming Qu ◽  
Xingchao Qi ◽  
Rongguang Shi ◽  
Yujie Zhao ◽  
Zhaoping Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Production System ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Greenhouse Production ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Controlled Release Urea

scholarly journals Negative Pressure Irrigation System Reduces Soil Nitrogen Loss for Lettuce during Greenhouse Production

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2380
Author(s):  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Shuxiang Zhang ◽  
Yanyan Song ◽  
Huaiyu Long
Keyword(s):  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Nitrogen Loss ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Production ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Emission Of Greenhouse Gases

Negative pressure irrigation (NPI) to grow crops reduces the application of fertilizer and water while also promoting yield and quality. However, plantation vegetables usually require a large input of nitrogen (N) fertilizer in a greenhouse setting, which will lower the soil quality and accelerate the emission of greenhouse gases. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to explore planting lettuce under an NPI system that retrenches N fertilizer application and mitigates N2O emissions compared with conventional irrigation (CI). This research proved that under NPI conditions, nitrate and ammonium fluctuated slightly in the soil, stabilizing in the range of 18–28 mg kg−1, while that of CI was 20–55 mg kg−1. The NPI alleviated N2O emissions, and NPI-N150 and NPI-N105 decreased them by 18% and 32%, respectively, compared with those for CI-N150. The main explanation was that the NPI inhibited the formation of NO3−-N, reduced the copies number of AOA and AOB as well as the abundance of Nitrospira in the soil, and weakened the soil nitrate reductase and urease activities. The results of this research provide a reliable scientific method for reducing the use of water and N fertilizer while cultivating lettuce, as well as for reducing N2O emissions from agricultural facilities.

Yield and quality responses of irrigated timothy to fertilizer application in southern Alberta

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. McKenzie ◽  
E. Bremer ◽  
P. G. Pfiffner ◽  
A. B. Middleton ◽  
T. Dow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Optimum N Rate ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Controlled Release Urea

Timothy (Phleum pratense L.) hay production for export markets has expanded considerably in western Canada during the past decade. Fertilization practices for optimum yield and quality of irrigated timothy were investigated for 4 yr at two locations in southern Alberta. The efficacy of spring-broadcast urea and ammonium nitrate (AN) were similar and greater than that of controlled-release urea. The optimum N rate for dry matter yield was approximately 130 kg N ha-1 for the first cut and 110 kg N ha-1 for the second cut, depending on crop and fertilizer prices. Both green colour and brown leaf ratings increased with N rate, with optimum colour for the first cut obtained with 100 to 150 kg N ha-1. Digestibility was unaffected by N rate except when crops were very deficient in N. At the location where timothy was responsive to P fertilization, yields were similar with annual broadcast applications of 13 kg P ha-1 or one pre-seeding application of 86 kg P ha-1. Timothy yield and quality were not responsive to K fertilization, although high K removal rates may shorten the period until K deficiencies develop. High yields of timothy hay (average 11 Mg ha-1 yr-1) were consistently obtained with adequate N and P fertilization. Key words: Phleum pratense, controlled-release urea, ammonium nitrate, phosphorus, digestibility

scholarly journals Responses of Field-grown Tomatoes to Nitrogen Sources

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Guertal ◽  
J.M. Kemble
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
N Sources ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
N Source ◽  
N Concentration

Although the effect of various N fertilizers on tomato yield and quality has been previously examined, much of this research was conducted in hydroponic or green-house studies. The objective of this research was to examine the effect of N fertilizer sources (ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), potassium nitrate (KNO3), urea (CO(NH2)2), urea ammonium nitrate (UAN), and calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) growth, yield, and fruit quality. The 2-year experiment was conducted using black plastic mulch covered raised beds with drip fertigation. A total of 180 lb acre (202 Kg·ha−1) N was applied with each N source, with 25% applied preplant and premulch and remaining N applied as 10 weekly applications of 13.5 lb/acre (15.2 kg·ha−1). If an N source contained Ca or K, that amount was applied to all other N sources (preplant and fertigated) as potassium chloride (KCl) or calcium chloride (CaCl2). Collected data included plant height, leaf N concentration, and yield. Different N sources had varying and inconsistent effects on fruit yield and quality. Although plant height and stem diameter from UAN treatments were always smaller than those from other N sources, this effect did not extrapolate to decreased total marketable yield. Differences in N concentration of tomato leaf tissue were not consistent with N source and were not related to differences in tomato yield. There were few differences in yield and quality of nonmarketable fruit due to N source. In this one-site, 2-year study, it appears that any of the N sources studied would be suitable for tomato production, if price of N fertilizer materials are the same.

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of Different Nitrogen Levels on Growth, Yield, and Quality in Sugarcane

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu-Peng Zeng ◽  
Kai Zhu ◽  
Jian-Ming Lu ◽  
Yuan Jiang ◽  
Li-Tao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
N Application ◽  
Yield And Quality

Nitrogen (N) plays an important role in sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) growth and development; however, long-term effects of N application levels on cane and sugar production in different sugarcane cultivars under field conditions remain unclear. In this study, we investigate the agronomic, yield, and quality traits in three sugarcane cultivars (GT11, B9, and ROC22) under different N levels (0, 150, and 300 kg/ha urea) from 2015 to 2019. Continuous four-year field experiments of plant and ratoon crops were carried out by using two-factor split-plot design. The results showed that N fertilizer application improved the tillering rate, stalk diameter, plant height, stalk weight, millable stalks/ha, cane yield, sugar yield and juice rate of cane, and the difference between N application and non-N application was significant. The cane yield, millable stalks/ha, juice rate, and juice gravity purity increased with the increase of N application, but the milled juice brix and sucrose % cane decreased with the increase of N application. The sugar yield was the highest at 150 kg/ha urea application, while the cane yield was the highest at 300 kg/ha urea application. Different N fertilizer application levels significantly regulated the activities of glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and the contents of chlorophyll and nitrate N in plant leaves, which reflected the regulation in nitrogen metabolism and alteration in dry matter production and distribution, cane yield and sugar accumulation in different sugarcane cultivars. During the four-year experiment duration, the cane yield and sugar yield generally showed ROC22 > B9 > GT11. These data suggested that 300 kg/ha urea application was suitable for the plant and first ratoon crops, and 150 kg/ha urea application was suitable for the second and third ratoon crops. Both cane and sugar yields could be the highest in a four-year production cycle under this circumstance.

Controlled Release Urea Improved Nitrogen Use Efficiency, Yield, and Quality of Wheat

2011 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue-Chao Yang ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Lei Zheng ◽  
Dong-Dong Cheng ◽  
Ming Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Controlled Release Urea

Controlled-release urea for winter wheat in southern Alberta

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
R H McKenzie ◽  
E. Bremer ◽  
A B Middleton ◽  
P G Pfiffner ◽  
R E Dowbenko
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
N Application ◽  
N Fertilizers ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Controlled Release Urea

The recent development of low-cost controlled-release urea (CRU) may provide additional options for N fertilization of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Two field experiments were conducted over 3 yr at three locations in southern Alberta to evaluate different options of applying CRU to winter wheat. In the first experiment, three N fertilizers (20-day CRU, 40-day CRU and urea) were seed-placed and side-banded at the time of seeding at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg N ha-1. Stand densities were substantially reduced by seedrow application of urea at rates greater than 30 kg N ha-1, but were unaffected by seedrow application of CRU, even at the highest rate of N application. When N fertilizer was sidebanded, stand densities were unaffected by fertilizer type or N rate. Yield gains due to N application were reduced by application of high rates of seed-placed urea, but similar for other treatments. Grain protein concentration and N uptake were also similar for CRU and seed-placed urea. In the second experiment, three N fertilizers (CRU, urea and ammonium nitrate) were broadcast at 30 kg N ha-1 in early spring on plots that had received 0, 30 or 60 kg N ha-1 of CRU at the time of seeding. Inadequate release of spring broadcast CRU was indicated by reduced grain protein concentrations relative to conventional N fertilizers. Under the conditions experienced in our study, CRU substantially increased the maximum safe rate of seed-placed urea, provided minimal benefits to N response relative to side-banded urea, and was less effective than conventional N fertilizers when broadcast in early spring. Key words: N fertilizer use efficiency, slow release, winter survival

Efficiency of Controlled-Release Urea for a Potato Production System in Quebec, Canada

2011 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noura Ziadi ◽  
Cynthia Grant ◽  
Nicolas Samson ◽  
Judith Nyiraneza ◽  
Gilles Bélanger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Production System ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Controlled Release Urea
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