Impact of biochar amendment on soil aggregation varied with incubation duration and biochar pyrolysis temperature

Biochar ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lanfang Han ◽  
Biao Zhang ◽  
Liying Chen ◽  
Yanfang Feng ◽  
Yan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Soil Aggregation ◽  
Incubation Duration ◽  
Biochar Amendment

scholarly journals Effect of Wheat Straw Biochar on Thermophysical Properties of Loessial Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. Zhao ◽  
Y. Zhao ◽  
H. Liu ◽  
Y. Q. Li ◽  
K. X. Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Thermal Diffusivity ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Internal Heat ◽  
Loessial Soil ◽  
Biochar Amendment

Soil thermophysical properties are the key factors affecting the internal heat balance of soil. In this paper, biochars (BC300, BC500 and BC700) were produced with wheat straw at the temperatures of 300, 500 and 700°, respectively. The effects of biochar amendment at the rates of 0%, 1%, 3%, and 5% on the thermophysical properties (thermal conductivity, heat capacity, and thermal diffusivity) of a loessial soil were investigated with and without water content respectively. Although the bulk density of soil significantly decreased with biochar amendment, due to enhancing soil porosity and organic matter content, the thermophysical properties of soil did not change largely with biochar amendment rate and pyrolysis temperature. Water content exhibited significant effects on the thermophysical properties of soils added with biochars, where the thermal conductivity and heat capacity of soil were linearly proportional to water content, the thermal diffusivity initially increased and then decreased with the increase of water content. In the meanwhile, there was no significant correlation between the biochar amendment rate or pyrolysis temperature and thermophysical properties. The results show that water content should be mainly concerned as a factor when the internal heat balance of loess soil is evaluated, even though the soil is amended with biochar.

Effects of six-year biochar amendment on soil aggregation, crop growth, and nitrogen and phosphorus use efficiencies in a rice-wheat rotation

2020 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 118435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianqian Zhang ◽  
Yanfeng Song ◽  
Zhen Wu ◽  
Xiaoyuan Yan ◽  
Anna Gunina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Growth ◽  
Soil Aggregation ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Biochar Amendment

scholarly journals Effects of Biochar Feedstock and Pyrolysis Temperature on Soil Organic Matter Mineralization and Microbial Community Structures of Forest Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaorong Lu ◽  
Yan Yin ◽  
Shaopeng Li ◽  
Hongliang Ma ◽  
Ren Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Priming Effect ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
C Sequestration ◽  
Negative Priming Effect ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbial Community Structures ◽  
Soil C Sequestration ◽  
Biochar Amendment

Biochar has received much attention as a strategy to enhance soil carbon (C) sequestration and mitigate climate change. Previous studies found that the feedstock and pyrolysis temperature can largely determine biochar properties, which in turn, impact the stability of native soil organic matter (SOM) and soil microorganisms. The Schima superba and Cunninghamia lanceolata are two tree species widely distributed in the subtropical region of southern China, but how the biochars from these two species influence the soil C sequestration and microbial communities of plantation remain poorly understood. In this study, we produced biochars from these two different feedstocks (13C-labeled S. superba and C. lanceolata litters) at three pyrolysis temperatures (350°C, 550°C, 750°C), then added them to the soils from C. lanceolata plantation, and maintained the experiments at 25°C for 112 days. We found both C mineralization and soil microbial community structures were strongly, but inconsistent, affected by biochar feedstock and pyrolysis temperature. The C. lanceolata biochar triggered the negative priming effect faster and greater compared with the S. superba biochar amendment. Biochars produced at 550°C showed the most significant negative priming effect during the whole incubation period, regardless of the different feedstocks. The cumulative amount of CO2 derived from biochars was significantly decreased with pyrolysis temperature (p < 0.05), indicating that biochars prepared at higher temperatures were more stable in the soil. Further, the soil microbial community structure was only affected by biochar pyrolysis temperature rather than biochar feedstock and their interaction. Together, our results reveal that biochar feedstock and pyrolysis temperature may play more important roles in dictating the priming effect than the structure of microbial community for C. lanceolata plantation. Overall, we concluded that the biochars prepared at 550°C could rapidly decrease the turnover of native SOM in a short term and biochar amendment has the potential to be a management practice for soil C sequestration in the C. lanceolata plantation.

Influence of rootstock, temperature and incubation duration on bacterial canker severity caused byPseudomonas syringaepv.syringaein peach

Fruits ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiesen Cao ◽  
Theodore M. Dejong ◽  
Kenneth A. Shackel ◽  
Bruce C. Kirkpatrick ◽  
R. Scott Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Canker ◽  
Incubation Duration

WOODCHIPS BARRIERS FOR ATRAZINE AND NITRATE REMOVAL; EFFECT OF BIOCHAR AMENDMENT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahareh Hassanpour Guilvaiee ◽  
◽  
Tammo Steenhuis ◽  
Larry Geohring
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Biochar Amendment

OPTIMIZING THE PYROLYSIS TEMPERATURE OF TMSH THERMOCHEMOLYSIS FOR USE IN GC-MS BIOSIGNATURE DETECTION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Kivrak ◽  
◽  
Amy Williams ◽  
Arnaud Buch ◽  
Yuanyuan He
Keyword(s):  
Pyrolysis Temperature

scholarly journals Bio-Oil Characterizations of Spirulina Platensis Residue (SPR) Pyrolysis Products for Renewable Energy Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 849 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Siti Jamilatun ◽  
Aster Rahayu ◽  
Yano Surya Pradana ◽  
Budhijanto ◽  
Rochmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Bio Oil

Nowadays, energy consumption has increased as a population increases with socio-economic developments and improved living standards. Therefore, it is necessary to find a replacement for fossil energy with renewable energy sources, and the potential to develop is biofuels. Bio-oil, water phase, gas, and char products will be produced by utilizing Spirulina platensis (SPR) microalgae extraction residue as pyrolysis raw material. The purpose of this study is to characterize pyrolysis products and bio-oil analysis with GC-MS. Quality fuel is good if O/C is low, H/C is high, HHV is high, and oxygenate compounds are low, but aliphatic and aromatic are high. Pyrolysis was carried out at a temperature of 300-600°C with a feed of 50 grams in atmospheric conditions with a heating rate of 5-35°C/min, the equipment used was a fixed-bed reactor. The higher the pyrolysis temperature, the higher the bio-oil yield will be to an optimum temperature, then lower. The optimum temperature of pyrolysis is 550°C with a bio-oil yield of 23.99 wt%. The higher the pyrolysis temperature, the higher the H/C, the lower O/C. The optimum condition was reached at a temperature of 500°C with the values of H/C, and O/C is 1.17 and 0.47. With an increase in temperature of 300-600°C, HHV increased from 11.64 MJ/kg to 20.63 MJ/kg, the oxygenate compound decreased from 85.26 to 37.55 wt%. Aliphatics and aromatics increased, respectively, from 5.76 to 36.72 wt% and 1.67 to 6.67 wt%.

scholarly journals To fix or not fix biofilms to study microbial soil aggregation

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1148-1149
Author(s):  
Yuchen Zhang ◽  
Jiyoung Son ◽  
Qiaoyun Huang ◽  
Wenli Chen ◽  
Xiao-Ying Yu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Aggregation

scholarly journals Effect of pyrolysis temperature on Si release of alkali-enhanced Si-rich biochar and plant response

Biochar ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Wang ◽  
Negar D. Tafti ◽  
Jim J. Wang ◽  
Xudong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Weak Acid ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Plant Disease Control ◽  
Si Content ◽  
Lower Temperature

AbstractRecent studies have shown that silicon (Si) dissolution from biochar may be influenced by the pyrolysis temperature. In addition, the enhancement of biochar by treatment with alkali has been proposed to produce a Si source that can be used for environmentally friendly plant disease control. In this study, biochars from rice straw and rice husk pretreated with KOH, CaO and K2CO3 and then pyrolyzed at 350, 450 and 550 °C were prepared to evaluate the effects of pyrolysis temperature on Si release and plant uptake from alkali-enhanced Si-rich biochar. Extractable Si and dissolution Si from the prepared biochars were assessed by different short-term chemical methods and long-term (30-day) release in dilute acid and neutral salt solutions, respectively, along with a rice potting experiment in greenhouse. For both rice straw- and husk-derived alkali-enhanced biochars (RS-10KB and HS-10K2B, respectively), increasing the pyrolysis temperature from 350 to 550 °C generally had the highest extractable Si and increased Si content extracted by 5-day sodium carbonate and ammonium nitrate (5dSCAN) designated for fertilizer Si by 61–142%, whereas non-enhanced biochars had more extractable Si at 350 °C. The alkali-enhanced biochars produced at 550 °C pyrolysis temperature also released 82–172% and 27–79% more Si than that of 350 °C produced biochar in unbuffered weak acid and neutral salt solutions, respectively, over 30 days. In addition, alkali-enhanced biochars, especially that derived from rice husk at 550 °C facilitated 6–21% greater Si uptake by rice and 44–101% higher rice grain yields than lower temperature biochars, non-enhanced biochars, or conventional Si fertilizers (wollastonite and silicate calcium slag). Overall, this study demonstrated that 550 °C is more efficient than lower pyrolysis temperature for preparing alkali-enhanced biochar to improve Si release for plant growth.

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