scholarly journals Heavy metals risk assessment of water and sediments collected from selected river tributaries of the Mara River in Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihayo Sahani Nkinda ◽  
Mwemezi Johaiven Rwiza ◽  
Jasper Nathan Ijumba ◽  
Karoli Nicholas Njau
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Pollution Risk ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Significant Enrichment

AbstractThis study investigated the levels of Pb, Hg, Cr, Cd, and As in water and sediments from the tributaries of the Mara River, Tanzania. Pollution risk of water and sediments was investigated using seven indices and five metals. During the dry period, the highest concentration of Pb, Hg, Cr, Cd, and As in sediments was 17.45 ± 1.22, 0.01, 1.56 ± 0.5, 1.3 ± 0.09, and 30.81 ± 0.02 mg/kg, respectively. During the wet period, the highest concentration of Pb, Hg, Cr, Cd, and As in sediments was 4.37 ± 0.28, 0.012, 2.58 ± 0.57, 2.25 ± 0.35, and 53 ± 0.02 mg/kg, respectively. For surface water, the respective highest concentrations of Pb, Hg, Cr, Cd, and As were 0.76 ± 0.09, 0.04, 0.68 ± 0.09, 0.74 ± 0.1, and 0.47 ± 0.06 mg/L for the dry period. The wet period max concentrations for Pb, Hg, Cr, Cd, and As in surface water were 0.56, 0.03, 0.55 ± 0.03, 0.48 ± 0.03, and 0.4 ± 0.03 mg/L, respectively. Principal component analysis results indicated dominant loadings for Pb and As in sediments during the dry period. Comparison of sediment concentrations with sediment quality guidelines revealed that As and Cd were enriched. Correlation coefficient results indicated that As had a strong negative correlation with the rest of the elements in sediments during the dry period. In the wet period, As had a significant correlation with Cd (r = 0.92, p < 0.01) in sediments. The analysis of environmental risks indicated significant enrichment of sediments with As and Cd. It is important to put in place relevant control mechanisms targeting metals in the studied tributaries, with a focus on As and Cd.

Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Compounds in Water and Surface Sediments from Taihu Lake and Nanjing Section of Changjiang, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 624-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Yin Yuan ◽  
Quan Liu ◽  
Ji Zhou Li ◽  
Jun Feng Ji ◽  
Chang Ping Mao
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Taihu Lake ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Organochlorine Compounds ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Low Levels

Samples of surface water and sediment were collected in Taihu Lake and Nanjing section of Changjiang. Organochlorine compounds(OCCs) of samples were detected to investigate the characteristics and ecological risk of them in the lake and river. The concentrations of OCCs in water of Nanjing section of Changjiang were higher than those in Taihu Lake, but the concentrations of OCCs in sediments were higher in Taihu Lake. HCHs of Taihu sediments were relatively enriched, indicating the agricultural source of compounds. PCBs of Changjiang sediments were higher compared to Taihu sediments, denoting a obvious industrial source. Comparing with other compartments in China, HCHs of the study area were higher than most sediment of Chinese rivers, DDTs didn’t show high contents in sediments, PCBs was in relatively low levels. By contrast with the relevant sediment quality guidelines of these compounds, the ecological risk of OCCs in sediments were evaluated. The OCCs of sediments in Taihu Lake and Nanjing section of Changjiang didn’t show high ecological risk.

scholarly journals Environmental Soil, Water, and Sediment Quality of Dong Thang Landfill in Can Tho City, Vietnam

2019 ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Huynh T.H. Nhien ◽  
Giao T. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Rice Field Soil ◽  
Sediment Data ◽  
Can Tho City

This study is a preliminary assessment of water, soil, and bottom sediment quality at and around Dong Thang landfill in Co Do district, Can Tho city, Vietnam. Four canal water samples, one leachate sample, and three soil samples from the surrounding rice fields, two bottom sediment samples from the canals, and one bottom sediment sample from the leachate pond were examined for this purpose. The results revealed that the leachate sample contained six heavy metals (Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Cr, and Ni) with high electrical conductivity (EC), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), ammonia (NH4+-N), nitrate (NO3--N), and phosphate (PO43--P) (9922.7 μS cm-1, 832.00 mg L-1, 3,729.08 mg L-1, 743.75 mg L-1, 366.27 mg L-1, 6.03 mg L-1, and 0.22 mg L-1, respectively). Further, seven heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Mn, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Fe) were detected in the sediment of the leachate collection pond. COD, TSS, NH4+-N, Mn, and Fe concentrationsfor surface water exceeded the permissible level prescribed by the Vietnam national standard for surface water (QCVN 08-MT:2015/BTNMT). All heavy metals found in the leachate sediments were also detected in canal sediments and rice-field soil, thereby leading to the conclusion that pollutants disperse into the surrounding environment. Further, principal component analysis revealed that 91.3% of the variations in soil and sediment data could be explained by two primary components, PC1 and PC2. These components represent two sources of pollution, agricultural production and landfill activities, besides other pollution sources. The findings of this preliminary study show that water, soil, and bottom sediment in the area surrounding the landfill are contaminated with organic matter, nutrients, and heavy metals. Therefore, monitoring of the environment in the study area should be conducted to detect any pollutants, and alert local authorities and environmental managers.

scholarly journals Assessment of contamination and origin of metals in mining affected river sediments: A case study of the Aries catchment, Romania

2014 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 1019-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Levei ◽  
Michaela Ponta ◽  
Marin Senila ◽  
Mirela Miclean ◽  
Tiberiu Frentiu
Keyword(s):  
River Sediments ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
The Right

The study presents the current status of contamination with metals (Cu, Cr, Cd, Pb, Ni, Zn, As) and their anthropogenic or natural origin in the sediments of the Aries river basin, Romania, affected by mining activities. The results indicated an enrichment of metals in sediments. Different contamination levels were identified on the Aries river and its tributaries. According to sediment quality guidelines and contamination indices, sediments from the Aries river were found to be highly contaminated with Cd, Cu, As, considerably with Zn and moderately with Pb and Ni. The right-bank tributaries were found to be more contaminated than the left-bank affluents, where only a contamination with As of geogenic origin was identified. The Principal Component Analysis allowed to identify five latent factors (86 % total variability) reflecting the anthropogenic and natural origins of metals. Arsenic, Cd and partially Pb were found to have a common anthropogenic origin, different from that of Cu. The statistical approach indicated also the geogenic origin of Pb due to its association with Ca, K, Na, Sr. Chromium and Ni were attributed to natural source following their association with Mn, Fe, Al and Mg, respectively.

scholarly journals Assessing the Ecological Risk of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments at Langkawi Island, Malaysia

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essam Nasher ◽  
Lee Yook Heng ◽  
Zuriati Zakaria ◽  
Salmijah Surif
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Toxic Equivalent ◽  
Biological Damage ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Mean Concentration

Tourism-related activities such as the heavy use of boats for transportation are a significant source of petroleum hydrocarbons that may harm the ecosystem of Langkawi Island. The contamination and toxicity levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in the sediments of Langkawi were evaluated using sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) and toxic equivalent factors. Ten samples were collected from jetties and fish farms around the island in December 2010. A gas chromatography/flame ionization detector (GC/FID) was used to analyse the 18 PAHs. The concentration of total PAHs was found to range from 869 ± 00 to 1637 ± 20 ng g−1with a mean concentration of 1167.00 ± 24 ng g−1, lower than the SQG effects range-low (3442 ng g−1). The results indicated that PAHs may not cause acute biological damage. Diagnostic ratios and principal component analysis suggested that the PAHs were likely to originate from pyrogenic and petrogenic sources. The toxic equivalent concentrations of the PAHs ranged from 76.3 to 177 ng TEQ/g d.w., which is lower compared to similar studies. The results of mean effects range-median quotient of the PAHs were lower than 0.1, which indicate an 11% probability of toxicity effect. Hence, the sampling sites were determined to be the low-priority sites.

Sewers and the Quality of Canals and Ditches in Amsterdam

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jacobs ◽  
J. W. van Sluis
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Water And Sediment Quality

The surface water system of Amsterdam is very complicated. Of two characteristic types of water systems the influences on water and sediment quality are investigated. The importance of the sewer output to the total loads is different for both water systems. In a polder the load from the sewers is much more important than in the canal basin. Measures to reduce the emission from the sewers are much more effective in a polder. The effect of these measures on sediment quality is more than the effect on water quality. Some differences between a combined sewer system and a separate sewer system can be found in sediment quality.

scholarly journals An evaluation of water quality at Sandhill Wetland: implications for reclaiming wetlands above soft tailings deposits in northern Alberta, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy A. Hartsock ◽  
Jessica Piercey ◽  
Melissa K. House ◽  
Dale H. Vitt
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Water Quality Guidelines ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Annual Water

AbstractThe experimental Sandhill Wetland is the first permanent reclamation of a composite tailings deposit, and annual water quality monitoring is of specific interest for evaluating and predicting long-term reclamation performance. Here, we present water chemistry monitoring data obtained from Sandhill Wetland (years 2009–2019) and compare results to twelve natural reference wetlands and to environmental quality guidelines for Alberta surface waters. By comparing water quality at Sandhill Wetland and natural sites to established guidelines, we can begin to document the natural background water quality of wetlands in the region and examine if guideline exceedances are seen in natural undisturbed environments, or appear only at active reclamation sites. At Sandhill Wetland the dominant ions in near-surface water were bicarbonate, sulfate, chloride, sodium, calcium, and magnesium. Since the first growing season concentrations for these ions have increased annually, causing concurrent increases in electrical conductivity. In year 2019, water chemistry at Sandhill Wetland was most comparable to regional saline fens, systems that exhibit elevated electrical conductivity and high sodicity. Near-surface water at Sandhill Wetland exceeded water quality guidelines for three substances/properties (dissolved chloride, iron, and total alkalinity) in the most recent year of monitoring. The saline fen natural sites also exceeded water quality guidelines for the same chemical substances/properties, suggesting guideline exceedances are a norm for some natural wetland site types in the region. Of note, in each year of monitoring at Sandhill Wetland, dissolved organic compounds evaluated in sub- and near-surface water were below detection limits.

Effect of small-scale illegal mining on surface water and sediment quality in Ghana

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Humphrey Ferdinand Darko ◽  
Anthony Yaw Karikari ◽  
Anthony Appiah Duah ◽  
Bismark Awinbire Akurugu ◽  
Victor Mante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Illegal Mining ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Water And Sediment Quality

Using sediment cores to establish targets for the remediation of aquatic environments

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 628-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Lintern ◽  
Marion Anderson ◽  
Paul Leahy ◽  
Ana Deletic ◽  
David McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
European Settlement ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Water And Sediment Quality

When assigning site-specific restoration targets for deteriorating aquatic systems, it is necessary to have an understanding of the undisturbed or background state of the system. However, the site-specific characteristics of aquatic systems prior to disturbance are mostly unknown, due to the lack of historical water and sediment quality data. This study aims to introduce a method for filling this gap in our understanding, using dated sediment cores from the beds of aquatic environments. We used Bolin Billabong, a floodplain lake of the Yarra River (South-East Australia), as a case study to demonstrate the application of this method. We identified the concentrations of aluminium, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, nickel, tin and zinc at 8 cm intervals through the sediment core. This showed that aluminium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, nickel, tin and zinc concentrations in Bolin Billabong sediments significantly increased after European settlement in the river catchment in the mid-19th century. The differences between current Australian sediment quality guidelines trigger values and the background metal concentrations in Bolin Billabong sediments underscore the value of using locally relevant background toxicant concentrations when setting water and sediment quality targets.

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