Nigral dopaminergic neurons: differential sensitivity to apomorphine following long-term treatment with low and high doses of amphetamine

1984 ◽  
Vol 321 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuo Kamata ◽  
George V. Rebec
Keyword(s):  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Differential Sensitivity ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
High Doses

1608: Long-Term Treatment with High Doses of Sildenafil Does Not Up-Regulate the Levels of Phosphodiesterase 5 (Pde5) in the Rat Penis

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 424-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica G. Ferrini ◽  
Eliane G. Valente ◽  
Jacob Rajfer ◽  
Nestor F. Gonzalez-Cadavid
Keyword(s):  
Term Treatment ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Phosphodiesterase 5

Idiopathic Recurrent Catatonia Needs Maintenance Lorazepam: Case Report and Review

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 625-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayana Manjunatha ◽  
Sahoo Saddichha ◽  
Christoday R.-J. Khess
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Gaba A ◽  
Periodic Catatonia ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Doses

Objectives: Catatonia as a phenomenon has been well described with either a schizophrenic illness, severe mood disorders or periodic catatonia disorder. We aim to report a patient who had recurrent catatonia that responded to and required lorazepam for maintenance. Methods: We describe the case of a 28 year old woman who had a history of recurrent catatonia that was unresponsive to most anti-psychotics, but who responded to high doses of lorazepam and needed long-term lorazepam for maintenance. Results and Conclusion: Our patient met the criteria for a diagnosis of idiopathic catatonic disorder. Response to lorazepam suggests that a certain group of patients may require long-term treatment with lorazepam, especially those who may have down-regulation of GABA-A receptors.

Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure on Long-Term Treatment with High Doses of Vitamin D2

Nephron ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-120
Author(s):  
Peter Teodor Fröhling ◽  
Franciszek Kokot ◽  
Karl Vetter ◽  
Jadwiga Kuska ◽  
Ingrid Kaschube ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
High Doses

scholarly journals Long-Term Treatment with Fluvoxamine Decreases Nonmotor Symptoms and Dopamine Depletion in a Postnatal Stress Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Ernest Dallé ◽  
William M. U. Daniels ◽  
Musa V. Mabandla
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Nonmotor Symptoms ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

Nonmotor symptoms (NMS) such as anxiety, depression, and cognitive deficits are frequently observed in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and precede the onset of motor symptoms by years. We have recently explored the short-term effects of Fluvoxamine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) on dopaminergic neurons in a parkinsonian rat model. Here, we report the long-term effects of Fluvoxamine, on early-life stress-induced changes in the brain and behavior. We specifically evaluated the effects of Fluvoxamine on brain mechanisms that contribute to NMS associated with PD in a unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rat model. A 14-day early postnatal maternal separation protocol was applied to model early-life stress followed by unilateral intracerebral infusion of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) to model aspects of parkinsonism in rats. The anxiolytic, antidepressant, and cognitive effects of Fluvoxamine were confirmed using the elevated plus-maze (EPM) test, sucrose preference test (SPT), and Morris water maze (MWM) test. Further to that, our results showed that animals exposed to early-life stress displayed increased plasma corticosterone and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels which were attenuated by Fluvoxamine treatment. A 6-OHDA lesion effect was evidenced by impairment in the limb-use asymmetry test as well as decreased dopamine (DA) and serotonin levels in the striatum, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus. These effects were surprisingly attenuated by Fluvoxamine treatment in all treated rats. This study is the first to suggest that early and long-term treatment of neuropsychological diseases with Fluvoxamine may decrease the vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons that degenerate in the course of PD.

Long-term treatment with finasteride induces apoptosis and pathological changes in female mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 762-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
AA Alkahtane ◽  
G Albasher ◽  
NK Al-Sultan ◽  
WS Alqahtani ◽  
S Alarifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Levels ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Androgenetic Alopecia ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
High Doses

Androgenetic alopecia is the most common type of alopecia, and it affects humans of both genders. Finasteride is a type II selective 5α-reductase inhibitor that is administered orally to treat androgenetic alopecia and benign prostatic hyperplasia in human males. However, its effect on the vital organs of females is unknown. This study was designed to investigate the effects of finasteride on the vital organs such as liver, kidney, and heart of female mice. To study the prospective effects of finasteride, female mice were orally administered two doses of finasteride (0.5 and 1.5 mg/kg) once daily for 35 days, and serum levels of various biochemical parameters and histopathology of various organs were examined. The results showed that serum levels of alkaline phosphatase were significantly increased by both high- and low-dose finasteride, whereas cholesterol was significantly increased by the high dose only. Creatine kinase was significantly increased by the high and low doses, whereas glucose was significantly decreased by both doses. Histopathological analysis and DNA damage assays showed that finasteride has adverse effects within both the short and the long periods in female mice. In addition, the proapoptotic genes Bax and caspase-3 were significantly increased by high dose finasteride, whereas the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2 was significantly decreased by the low and high doses. In conclusion, finasteride is not currently approved for therapeutic use in females, and the findings in this study suggest caution in any future consideration of such use.

scholarly journals Submental Perforator Flap for Soft-Tissue Reconstruction in Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose-Antonio García-de Marcos ◽  
Juan Rey-Biel
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Perforator Flap ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Soft Tissue Reconstruction ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of The Jaws ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Tissue Reconstruction ◽  
High Doses

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) has emerged as an important and increasingly common comorbidity, especially in patients undergoing long-term treatment with high doses of bisphosphonates. The management of BRONJ remains controversial. Surgical treatment is necessary in severe cases. Treatment of the bone requires sequestrectomy or resection. Given the lack of sufficient mucosa to perform the operation and fragility of margins in many patients, local flaps are crucial. We report two cases of stage-3 BRONJ presenting secondary infection with Actinomyces, receiving treatment consisting of marginal resection of the necrotic bone, reinforcement with a reconstruction plate, and reconstruction of soft tissues using a submental perforator artery flap ipsilateral to the lesion. Total cure was achieved in both cases, achieving favorable aesthetic and functional outcomes.

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