Thermal layering between the Galápagos Islands and South America

1974 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 669-673
Author(s):  
Ralph R. Miller ◽  
David G. Browning
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Galápagos Islands

Charles Darwin and the Falkland Islands

Polar Record ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 22 (139) ◽  
pp. 413-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Grove
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
South America ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Falkland Islands ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Evolution By Natural Selection ◽  
Endemic Flora

AbstractCharles Darwin's notes, diary entries and letters covering visits to southern South America and the Falkland Islands in 1833 and 1834 throw light on the revolutionary events of the time. His notes also contain the first indication of an evolutionary concept, suggested by the endemic flora and fauna of the Falklands, which guided his later observations on the Galapagos Islands and lead ultimately to his theory of evolution by natural selection.

scholarly journals The genus Parmotrema (Parmeliaceae, lecanoromycetes) in the Galapagos Islands

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Bungartz ◽  
Adriano A. Spielmann
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
First Time

AbstractAs part of an ongoing comprehensive inventory of all Galapagos lichens, the genus Parmotrema has been revised. In Galapagos this genus is represented by thirty-five species, seven described as new to science: Parmotrema cactacearum, P. erectociliatum, P. lawreyi, P. marcellianum, P. pustulotinctum, P. saxoisidiatum and P. weberi. Parmotrema weberi, although previously informally recognized by Mason E. Hale, is now formally described here, the name thus validated. Reports of four species are doubtful or incorrect. Nine species are reported from the Galapagos for the first time, seven of those being also new for Ecuador. Parmotrema cooperi, previously known only from Central America, is now also reported from South America. Detailed descriptions and illustrations are provided for all thirty-five species, together with a dichotomic key for their identification. Diagnostic differences are discussed. If all newly described species are confirmed as endemic to the archipelago, the proportion of endemism within Parmotrema appears to be similar to most other groups of lichens recently reviewed.

scholarly journals Pendulous Usnea species (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) in tropical South America and the Galapagos

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille TRUONG ◽  
Juan Manuel RODRIGUEZ ◽  
Philippe CLERC
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Tropical South America

AbstractThe diversity of pendulous Usnea species in tropical South America (Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru and Venezuela) and the Galapagos Islands is discussed with reference to 23 species. Usnea crenulata Truong & Clerc is newly described. Usnea articulata, U. deformis, U. dimorpha, U. geissleriana, U. merrillii, U. perhispidella, U. sanctaeritae, U. subflammea and U. transitoria are newly reported for South America. Modern descriptions are provided for Usnea amabilis, U. arthroclada, U. dodgei, U. humboldtii and U. regia. We propose to reject the synonymy of U. hesperina with U. schadenbergiana, and the valid name for U. hesperina is therefore U. subgracilis. Distinct patterns of unidentified triterpenoids have been detected by thin-layer chromatography and are used to characterize several species within this group. The morphology, branch anatomy, chemistry, ecology and distribution of each species are given, together with an identification key.

scholarly journals Peterjamesia circumscripta (Leight.) D. Hawksw. (Roccellaceae: Ascomycota): First record to continental South America

Check List ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emerson Luiz Gumboski ◽  
Sionara Eliasaro
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
North Africa ◽  
First Record ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Southern Brazil

Peterjamesia circumscripta, previously known from Australia, Europe, North Africa, North and Central America, and Galapagos Islands was collected in southern Brazil. This is the first record of this species in continental South America.

Blainvillea (Asteraceae-Heliantheae) is absent from China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 298 (2) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
CHEN REN
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
South America ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Northern Africa ◽  
Galápagos Islands

Blainvillea Cassini (1823: 493) (Asteraceae-Heliantheae), as recently circumscribed by Orchard (2012, 2015), is a pantropical genus comprising four species. Blainvillea calcicola Orchard (2012: 658) and B. cunninghamii (Candolle 1836: 540) Orchard (2012: 660) are endemic to Australia. Blainvillea gayana Cassini (1827: 90) is native to Africa and adventive in South America and Australia. Blainvillea acmella (Linnaeus 1753: 901) Philipson (in Koster & Philipson 1950: 350), the type species of the genus, is native to India and Sri Lanka, and adventive in northern Africa, Galápagos Islands, and Australia.

The Dolichopodidae (Diptera) of the Galapagos Islands, with notes on the New World fauna

1997 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley J. Sinclair ◽  
Daniel J. Bickel
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
New World ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Littoral Fauna ◽  
Systematic Relationships ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South ◽  
World Fauna

AbstractThe Dolichopodidae (Diptera) of the Galápagos Islands (Ecuador) are reviewed. The fauna comprises 17 species, which are described, illustrated, and keyed. Further, relevant New World taxa are discussed, with information on diagnostic characters, species groupings and new synonyms. Nine species are newly described: Amblypsilopus depilis, Medetera galapagensis, Paraclius desenderi, Chrysotus baerti, Asyndetus wigginsi, A. maelfaiti, A. cavagnaroi, A. mystacinus, and A. bursericola. The following synonyms are newly established: Condylostylus longicornis (Fabricius) (=C. detitaticauda Van Duzee), Chrysotus brevicornis Van Duzee (= C. brevispina Van Duzee, = C. latifacies Van Duzee, = C. mexicanus Robinson), and Asyndetus tibialis (Thomson) (= A. ridiculus Parent). The ecology and origin of the Galápagos Dolichopodidae are discussed, and the fauna is regarded as an extension of the New World mainland coastal and littoral fauna. New distributional records from North and South America are included, and the systematic relationships of Galápagos species are discussed.

scholarly journals Oceanic islands and climate: using a multi-criteria model of drivers of change to select key conservation areas in Galapagos

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Escobar-Camacho ◽  
Paulina Rosero ◽  
Mauricio Castrejón ◽  
Carlos F. Mena ◽  
Francisco Cuesta
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Drivers Of Change

AbstractThe unique marine and terrestrial ecosystems of the Galapagos Islands are highly vulnerable to human-based drivers of change, including the introduction of invasive species, unsustainable tourism, illegal fishing, overexploitation of ecosystem services, and climate change. These drivers can interact with climate-based drivers such as El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) at multiple temporal and spatial scales, exacerbating their negative impacts on already fragile ecosystems and the socioeconomic system of the Archipelago. In this review, we performed a literature review based on published literature from 1945 to 2020 and local and global climate databases to analyze drivers of change in the Galapagos. We developed and applied a spatial impact assessment model to identify high-ecological value areas with high sensitivity and exposure scores to environmental change drivers. We identified 13 priority HEVA that encompass ca. 23% (14,715 km2) of the Galapagos Archipelago, distributed in nearly 3% of the Galapagos Marine Reserve and 20% Galapagos National Park. Current and future impacts are likely to concentrate on the inhabited islands’ highlands, whereas marine impacts concentrate along most of the Galapagos Islands’ shorelines. These results are important for guiding the design and implementation of adaptation measures aimed at increasing ecosystem resilience and human adaptive capacity in the face of global environmental change. Overall, these results will be valuable in their application for preserving Galapagos biota, securing the provision of vital ecosystem services for resident human populations, and sustaining the nature-based tourism industry.

Household preferences for improved water services in the Galápagos Islands

2021 ◽  
pp. 100180
Author(s):  
William F. Vásquez ◽  
Nejem Raheem ◽  
Diego Quiroga ◽  
Valeria Ochoa-Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Water Services ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Household Preferences
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