On the role of food vacuole formation in the uptake of dissolved nutrients by Tetrahymena

1973 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Food Vacuole ◽  
Dissolved Nutrients ◽  
Vacuole Formation

scholarly journals ADF/Cofilin Is Not Essential but Is Critically Important for Actin Activities during Phagocytosis in Tetrahymena thermophila

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1080-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanami Shiozaki ◽  
Kentaro Nakano ◽  
Yasuharu Kushida ◽  
Taro Q. P. Noguchi ◽  
Taro Q. P. Uyeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tetrahymena Thermophila ◽  
Food Vacuole ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Vacuole Formation ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Food Vacuoles

ABSTRACT ADF/cofilin is a highly conserved actin-modulating protein. Reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton in vivo through severing and depolymerizing of F-actin by this protein is essential for various cellular events, such as endocytosis, phagocytosis, cytokinesis, and cell migration. We show that in the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila , the ADF/cofilin homologue Adf73p associates with actin on nascent food vacuoles. Overexpression of Adf73p disrupted the proper localization of actin and inhibited the formation of food vacuoles. In vitro , recombinant Adf73p promoted the depolymerization of filaments made of T. thermophila actin (Act1p). Knockout cells lacking the ADF73 gene are viable but grow extremely slowly and have a severely decreased rate of food vacuole formation. Knockout cells have abnormal aggregates of actin in the cytoplasm. Surprisingly, unlike the case in animals and yeasts, in Tetrahymena , ADF/cofilin is not required for cytokinesis. Thus, the Tetrahymena model shows promise for future studies of the role of ADF/cofilin in vivo .

scholarly journals Biogeochemical processes in sediments of the Manfredonia Gulf (Southern Adriatic Sea): early diagenesis of carbon and nutrient and benthic exchange

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 803-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Spagnoli ◽  
G. Bartholini ◽  
M. Marini ◽  
P. Giordano
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Biogeochemical Processes ◽  
Pore Waters ◽  
Dissolved Nutrients ◽  
Dissolved Iron ◽  
High Sedimentation ◽  
Western Adriatic Current ◽  
A Site

Abstract. In order to understand the mechanisms responsible of the recycle of carbon and nutrients at the sediment-water interface and to understand the role of sediments in nutrients mass balance in coastal water, cores were collected (pore waters and solid phases) and benthic fluxes (oxygen, dissolved nutrients, dissolved iron and managanese, alkalinity and TCO2) were measured in two stations in the Gulf of Manfredonia (Southern Adriatic Sea). Stations were chosen to include a site, in the offshore part of the gulf, under the influence of western Adriatic current and another site, in the inner part of the gulf, under influence of gyres occurring inside the gulf. Both stations were placed in areas characterized by high sedimentation rate. Fluxes at sediment water interface show higher values in S2 site during the summer. Bio-irrigation seems to be the main transport mechanism characterizing both sites, with more evident effects during summer in S1 site.

Cytochalasin B: Aspects of Phagocytosis in Nutrient Uptake in Tetrahymena

1974 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-406
Author(s):  
ELSE K. HOFFMANN ◽  
L. RASMUSSEN ◽  
E. ZEUTHEN
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Cytochalasin B ◽  
Tetrahymena Pyriformis ◽  
Food Vacuole ◽  
Vacuole Formation ◽  
Proteose Peptone ◽  
High Concentrations

Cytochalasin B (37 µg per ml) reduces the rate of food vacuole formation, i.e. the rate of phagocytosis, in Tetrahymena pyriformis. Cytochalasin B in this concentration suppresses multiplication rates in a nutrient medium consisting of 2 % proteose peptone, but multiplication is unaffected if this medium is supplemented with glucose and high concentrations of nucleosides. Thus nutrients in high concentrations circumvent the necessity for phagocytosis in Tetrahymena.

scholarly journals The potential role of kinesin and dynein in Golgi scattering and cytoplasmic vacuole formation during acute experimental pancreatitis

Cell Research ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 599-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina A Weber ◽  
Igor Buchwalow ◽  
Daniela Hahn ◽  
Wolfram Domschke ◽  
Markus M Lerch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Experimental Pancreatitis ◽  
Cytoplasmic Vacuole ◽  
Acute Experimental Pancreatitis ◽  
Vacuole Formation

The suppressive role of p38 MAPK in cellular vacuole formation

2013 ◽  
Vol 114 (8) ◽  
pp. 1789-1799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Run Chen ◽  
Chun-Yan Duan ◽  
Shao-Kun Chen ◽  
Chun-Yan Zhang ◽  
Tao He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Vacuole Formation

scholarly journals REVIEW: PERAN NANOPARTIKEL DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN PARASIT Plasmodium PENYEBAB MALARIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-136
Author(s):  
Diah Anggraini Wulandari ◽  
Muhammad Safaat
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Food Vacuole ◽  
Malaria Vectors ◽  
Biological Synthesis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Biological Method ◽  
Plasmodium Parasite ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Mechanism Of Inhibition

Review: The Role of Nanoparticles in Inhibiting the Growth of the Plasmodium Parasite Causing Malarial Disease Malaria is a health problem in Indonesia with the most cases in eastern parts of Indonesia. This study provides an overview of the potential of nanoparticles in inhibiting malaria vectors and the growth of Plasmodium parasites that causes malaria based on the latest literature as reference materials and future research ideas. Nanoparticle can be synthesized using three methods i.e. physical, chemical and biological synthesis. The use of nanoparticles with biological method is highly recommended because they are practicable, environmentally friendly, non-toxic, and easy to reproduce compared to physico-chemically synthesized nanoparticles. Nanoparticles synthesized from several plants can inhibit the growth of Plasmodium parasites with IC50 3–78 g mL–1. This activity is classified as high to moderate in inhibiting the growth of the Plasmodium parasite that causes malaria. The mechanism of inhibition of Plasmodium growth is by increasing the pH of food vacuole due to the reaction of nanoparticles with Ferriprotoporphyrin IX. The high pH in the food vacuole will interfere with metabolic activity by inhibiting the activity of aspartate and cysteine ??protease enzymes so that the parasites will die. Malaria merupakan masalah kesehatan yang dihadapi Indonesia khususnya di beberapa wilayah timur Indonesia. Kajian ini memberikan gambaran potensi nanopartikel dalam menghambat vektor malaria maupun pertumbuhan parasit Plasmodium penyebab malaria berdasarkan literatur terbaru sebagai bahan acuan maupun ide-ide penelitian di masa mendatang. Nanopartikel dapat disintesis menggunakan tiga metode yaitu fisika, kimia dan biologi. Penggunaan nanopartikel dengan metode biologi sangat direkomendasikan karena lebih mudah diterapkan, ramah lingkungan, bersifat non-toksik, dan mudah diperbanyak dibandingkan dengan nanopartikel yang disintensis dari fisiko-kimia. Nanopartikel yang disintesis dari beberapa tanaman dapat menghambat pertumbuhan parasit Plasmodium dengan IC50 3–78 g mL–1. Aktivitas ini tergolong tinggi hingga sedang dalam menghambat pertumbuhan parasit Plasmodium penyebab malaria. Mekanisme penghambatan pertumbuhan Plasmodium dengan cara meningkatkan pH vakuola makanan akibat reaksi nanopartikel dengan feriprotoporpirin IX. Tingginya pH pada vakuola makanan akan mengganggu aktivitas metabolisme dengan cara menghambat aktivitas enzim aspartat dan sistein protease sehingga parasit akan mati.

scholarly journals Egestion Versus Excretion: A Meta-Analysis Examining Nutrient Release Rates and Ratios across Freshwater Fauna

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Halvor M. Halvorson ◽  
Carla L. Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Nutrient Release ◽  
Nutrient Flux ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Dissolved Nutrients ◽  
Total N ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Excretion Rates

In aquatic settings, animals directly affect ecosystem functions through excretion of dissolved nutrients. However, the comparative role of egestion as an animal-mediated nutrient flux remains understudied. We conducted a literature survey and meta-analysis to directly compare nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and N:P of egestion compared to excretion rates and ratios across freshwater animals. Synthesizing 215 datasets across 47 animal species (all primary consumers or omnivores), we show that the total N and P egestion rates exceed inorganic N and P excretion rates but not total N and P excretion rates, and that proportions of P egested compared to excreted depend on body size and animal phylum. We further show that variance of egestion rates is often greater than excretion rates, reflecting greater inter-individual and temporal variation of egestion as a nutrient flux in comparison to excretion. At phylogenetic levels, our analysis suggests that Mollusca exhibit the greatest rates and variance of P egestion relative to excretion, especially compared to Arthropoda. Given quantitative evidence of egestion as a dominant and dynamic animal-mediated nutrient flux, our synthesis demonstrates the need for additional studies of rates, stoichiometry, and roles of animal egestion in aquatic settings.

scholarly journals Loss of endocytic capacity in aging Paramecium. The importance of cytoplasmic organelles.

1976 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 575-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Smith-Sonneborn ◽  
S R Rodermel
Keyword(s):  
Excretion Rate ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Food Vacuole ◽  
Cellular Aging ◽  
Critical Importance ◽  
Vacuole Formation ◽  
Cytoplasmic Organelles ◽  
Food Vacuoles ◽  
Excretion Rates

Aged cells have significantly fewer food vacuoles and ingest fewer bacteria than young cells. Loss of food vacuoles was explained by a decreasing difference in the food vacuole formation and excretion rates; the formation rate declined more rapidly than the excretion rate, approaching equivalence at 160 fissions, when the proportion of cells with no food vacuoles, in the presence of excess food, abruptly increased. A model for cellular aging is presented in which control of organelle numbers and cyclical interactions between the nucleus and cytoplasm may be of critical importance.

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