Protein synthesis in wing disks of Galleria mellonella: effects of ecdysone and fat body in vitro

1974 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Benson ◽  
Herbert Oberlander
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Fat Body

scholarly journals Therapeutic Effect of an Antibody-Derived Peptide in a Galleria mellonella Model of Systemic Candidiasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (20) ◽  
pp. 10904
Author(s):  
Emerenziana Ottaviano ◽  
Elisa Borghi ◽  
Laura Giovati ◽  
Monica Falleni ◽  
Delfina Tosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Host Immunity ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Immune Stimulation ◽  
Yeast Infection ◽  
Pathogen Clearance

The synthetic peptide T11F (TCRVDHRGLTF), with sequence identical to a fragment of the constant region of human IgM, and most of its alanine-substituted derivatives proved to possess a significant candidacidal activity in vitro. In this study, the therapeutic efficacy of T11F, D5A, the derivative most active in vitro, and F11A, characterized by a different conformation, was investigated in Galleria mellonella larvae infected with Candida albicans. A single injection of F11A and D5A derivatives, in contrast with T11F, led to a significant increase in survival of larvae injected with a lethal inoculum of C. albicans cells, in comparison with infected animals treated with saline. Peptide modulation of host immunity upon C. albicans infection was determined by hemocyte analysis and larval histology, highlighting a different immune stimulation by the studied peptides. F11A, particularly, was the most active in eliciting nodule formation, melanization and fat body activation, leading to a better control of yeast infection. Overall, the obtained data suggest a double role for F11A, able to simultaneously target the fungus and the host immune system, resulting in a more efficient pathogen clearance.

Inhibitory effect of β-ecdysone on protein synthesis by blowfly fat body in vitro

1979 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1449-1451 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pau ◽  
L. Levenbook ◽  
A. C. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Inhibitory Effect

The effect of removal of the frontal ganglion on growth and protein synthesis in young adults of Locusta migratoria

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Bignell
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Locusta Migratoria ◽  
Growth Arrest ◽  
Stomatogastric Nervous System ◽  
Food Passage ◽  
Frontal Ganglion

Removal of the Frontal ganglion in young adult locusts results in growth arrest, disruption of food passage in the gut, reduced faecal out put, and a high mortality. The effects of the operation in young adults differ in degree from those observed in larvae.An in vitro incubation technique was used to make a quantitative estimate of protein synthesis in the fat body after frontal ganglion removal and starvation. A significant reduction of protein synthesis after frontal ganglion removal was observed.The results are discussed in relation to the role of the stomatogastric nervous system in controlling food passage in the gut and the release of neurohormone from the corpora cardiaca.

Increased Protein Synthesis by Human Platelets during Phagocytosis of Latex Particles in Vitro

1976 ◽  
Vol 35 (02) ◽  
pp. 350-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Bessler ◽  
Galila Agam ◽  
Meir Djaldetti
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Polystyrene Latex ◽  
Latex Particles ◽  
The Third ◽  
Platelet Protein ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Phagocytotic Activity

SummaryA three-fold increase of protein synthesis by human platelets during in vitro phagocytosis of polystyrene latex particles was detected. During the first two hours of incubation, the percentage of phagocytizing platelets and the number of latex particles per platelet increased; by the end of the third hour, the first parameter remained stable, while the number of latex particles per cell had decreased.Vincristine (20 μg/ml of cell suspension) inhibited platelet protein synthesis. This effect was both time- and dose-dependent. The drug also caused a decrease in the number of phagocytizing cells, as well as in their phagocytotic activity.

EFFECT OF ACTINOMYCIN D ON TSH-INDUCED STIMULATION OF THYROIDAL PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN THE RAT

1974 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustav Wägar
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Actinomycin D ◽  
The Other ◽  
Leucine Incorporation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
Translational Level ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT Whether the short-term regulation of thyroidal protein synthesis by TSH occurs at the transcriptional or the translational level was tested by measuring the effect of actinomycin D (act D) on the TSH-induced stimulation of L-14C-leucine incorporation into the thyroidal proteins of rats. TSH was injected 6 h before the rats were killed. The thyroid glands were then removed and incubated in vitro in the presence of L-14C-leucine for 2 h. The pronounced stimulation of leucine incorporation in the TSH-treated animals was depressed as compared with controls but still significant even when the animals had been pre-treated with 100 μg act D 24 and 7 h before sacrifice. On the other hand, act D strongly decreased incorporation of 3H-uridine into RNA. Short-term regulation of thyroidal protein synthesis by TSH appears to be partly but not wholly dependent on neosynthesis of RNA. Hence regulation may partly occur at the translation level of protein synthesis.

INHIBITION OF THYROGLOBULIN BIOSYNTHESIS AND DEGRADATION BY EXCESS IODIDE. SYNERGISM WITH LITHIUM

1976 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 495-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Radvila ◽  
R. Roost ◽  
H. Bürgi ◽  
H. Kohler ◽  
H. Studer
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Inhibit Protein Synthesis ◽  
Thyrotrophic Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Excess Iodide ◽  
Kidney Liver

ABSTRACT Lithium and excess iodide inhibit the release of thyroid hormone from preformed stores. We thus tested the hypothesis that this was due to an inhibition of thyroglobulin breakdown. Rats were pre-treated with propylthiouracil (PTU) for 3 weeks in order to deplete their thyroids of thyroglobulin. While the PTU was continued, lithium chloride (0.25 mEq./100 g weight) or potassium iodide (3 mg per rat) were injected every 12 h for 3 days. Thereafter the thyroglobulin content in thyroid gland homogenates was measured. PTU pre-treatment lowered the thyroglobulin content from 4.21 to 0.22 mg/100 mg gland. Lithium caused a marked re-accumulation of thyroglobulin to 0.60 mg/100 mg within 3 days. While iodide alone had only a borderline effect, it markedly potentiated the action of lithium and a combination of the two drugs increased the thyroglobulin content to 1.04 mg/100 mg. Thyroxine was injected into similarly pre-treated animals to suppress secretion of thyrotrophic hormone. This markedly inhibited the proteolysis of thyroglobulin and 1.3 mg/100 mg gland accumulated after 3 days. Excess iodide, given in addition to thyroxine, decreased the amount of thyroglobulin accumulated to 0.75 mg/100 mg gland. To study whether this could be explained by an inhibitory action of iodide on thyroglobulin biosynthesis, thyroid glands from animals treated with excess iodide were incubated in vitro in the presence of 0.2 mm iodide for 3 h. Iodide decreased the incorporation of radioactive leucine into total thyroidal protein and into thyroglobulin by 25 and 35 % respectively. Iodide did not inhibit protein synthesis in the kidney, liver or muscle tissue. Thus, large doses of iodide selectively inhibit thyroglobulin biosynthesis.

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