Effect of O-allyl-hydroxy amino acids on protein synthesis and secretion by cultured fat body and salivary glands in the fruit fly Ceratitis capitata

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lampropoulou ◽  
A. Zacharopoulou ◽  
S. Tsakas ◽  
K. Barlos ◽  
D. Papaioannou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Hydroxy Amino

Ecdysone-regulated chromosome puffing in the salivary glands of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata

Genome ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 752-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeliki Gariou-Papalexiou ◽  
Anastassios C Mintzas ◽  
Antigone Zacharopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Polytene Chromosomes ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Protein Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Stage 1

The effect of ecdysone on the puffing activity of the polytene chromosomes of Ceratitis capitata has been studied in organ cultures of late-larval salivary glands. Culture of glands from 120-h-old larvae (puff stage 1) in the presence of ecdysone resulted in the initiation of the late-larval puffing cycle that is normally observed in 145-h-old larvae (puff stage 4). During a 7-h period in the presence of ecdysone, the puffing patterns of most loci resembled the in vivo patterns observed in the period between puff stages 4 and 10, indicating that the first puffing cycle can be initiated by the hormone and proceed almost to completion, in vitro. Culture of salivary glands in the presence of ecdysone and a protein-synthesis inhibitor, as well as ecdysone withdrawal and readdition experiments, indicated that most of the ecdysone-regulated puffs could be categorized into three classes: (i) the puffs that were suppressed immediately by ecdysone, even in the absence of protein synthesis; (ii) the puffs that were induced directly by ecdysone; and (iii) the puffs that were induced indirectly by ecdysone, that is, they were induced after a lag period of a few hours and required protein synthesis for their induction.Key words: polytene chromosomes, puffing patterns, ecdysone, Ceratitis capitata.

A comparison of polytene chromosomes in salivary glands and orbital bristle trichogen cells in Ceratitis capitata

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zacharopoulou ◽  
K. Bourtzis ◽  
Ph. Kerremans
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Banding Pattern ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Polytene Chromosomes ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Homologous Chromosomes ◽  
Different Tissues

The banding patterns of polytene chromosomes in different tissues of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, vary to such an extent that homologous chromosomes cannot be recognised. However, analyses of autosomal breakpoints in several translocation strains allowed chromosomes from the two tissues to be aligned despite their difference in banding pattern. These results were discussed, considering the different hypotheses of the origin and biological significance of polytene chromosome bands.Key words: polytene chromosomes, salivary gland chromosomes, orbital bristle trichogen cell chromosomes, Ceratitis capitata.

scholarly journals Vitellogenesis in the stick insect Carausius morosus I. Specific protein synthesis during ovarian development

1980 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
F. Giorgi ◽  
F. Macchi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Stick Insect ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
Carausius Morosus

Vitellogenesis in the stick insect Carausius morosus (Br.) has been studied with the goal of identifying vitellogenin in various tissues. Following exposure to in vivo to radioactive amino acids, oocytes in the medium size range are labelled with a minimum delay of 6 h after the time of injection. Incorporation of radioactivity under these conditions is shown to depend upon accumulation of proteins rather than on a differential rate of protein synthesis in succeeding stages of oogenesis. By immunochemical analyses, it is shown that at least two antigens are common to both haemolymph and ovary and that one of these is also present in the fat body. Both antigens are labelled during exposure to radioactive amino acids. When analysed by the SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, extracts from both haemolymph and ovary appear to share a number of protein fractions which range in molecular weight from 40 000 to 200 000 Daltons. The labelling pattern exhibited by these fractions is clearly indicative of a protein transfer from the fat body to the oocyte. Fat body cultured in vivo for up to 4 h releases a major macromolecular complex in the external medium. The latter has been identified as vitellogenin by both immuno-precipitation assay and SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The protein which is synthesized and secreted under these conditions results from the processing of a protein complex of higher molecular weight.

Ecdysone-regulated chromosome puffing in the salivary glands of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata

Genome ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 752-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeliki Gariou-Papalexiou ◽  
Anastassios C. Mintzas ◽  
Antigone Zacharopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Mediterranean Fruit Fly ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals Fat body: a site of hemoglobin synthesis in Chironomus thummi (diptera).

1976 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Bergtrom ◽  
H Laufer ◽  
R Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Hemoglobin Synthesis ◽  
A Site ◽  
Coomassie Brilliant ◽  
Chironomus Thummi

Fourth instar larvae of Chironomus thummi were permitted to incorporate labeled amino acids and/or sigma-aminolevulinic acid (sigma-ALA) in vivo and in organ culture. The products secreted into the hemolymph or into the culture medium were examined by acrylamide gel electrophoresis. Nine electrophoretic bands can be resolved as hemoglobins without staining. When gels are sliced for scintillation counting, incorporated amino acids and sigma-ALA are shown to be associated primarily with the same nine hemoglobin bands, suggesting that hemoglobins are assembled and secreted. Staining of gels with Coomassie brilliant blue reveals that there are several bands in addition to the visible hemoglobins. These bands incorporate amino acids, but not sigma-ALA, suggesting that they are non-heme proteins. The results of culturing isolated salivary glands, gut, and fat body demonstrate that the fat body is the major site of hemoglobin synthesis and secretion. Labeled products of the gut represent about 5% of the total hemoglobins produced by the tissues, while no hemoglobins are produced by the salivary glands. Although nine hemoglobins are visibly resolved on gels, labeling techniques reveal as many as 14 hemoglobins. This is the first demonstration of hemoglobin synthesis by specific tissues in culture in an invertebrate.

Electron microscope investigation of polytene chromosomes in the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 652-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. F. Semeshin ◽  
I. F. Zhimulev ◽  
D. Kritikou ◽  
A. Zacharopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Polytene Chromosomes ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Electron Microscope Investigation ◽  
Rnp Granules

Ultrastructural analyses of polytene chromosomes from male pupal orbital bristle cells and from larval salivary glands of Ceratitis capitata were carried out. It was shown that chromatin complexes corresponding to the X chromosome heterochromatic network are surrounded by material containing ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules 250–300 Å (1 Å = 0.1 nm) in diameter. RNP granules of similar size surround the spherical Y chromosome. These data point out the presence of transcriptional activity in both of these chromosomes. The absence of clear structure in chromosomal regions situated between large bands in both types of tissues was observed. These results support the hypothesis of weak synapsis between chromatids or small chromomeres of polytene chromosomes in this species. In addition, we describe a specific puff revealed in both orbital trichogen cells and salivary glands that is morphologically similar to the 93D puff of Drosophila melanogaster.Key words: Ceratitis capitata, polytene chromosomes, electron microscopy.

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