Young's modulus of trabecular and cortical bone material: Ultrasonic and microtensile measurements

1993 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Young Rho ◽  
Richard B. Ashman ◽  
Charles H. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Bone Material

Evaluation of Decalcification Induced Changes in Bone Strength Using Electrical Conductivity Measurements

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislav Sevostianov
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Mechanical And Electrical Properties

The paper focuses on the effect of decalcification on microstructure and the mechanical and electrical properties of cortical bone. Decalcification is produced by placing the specimens into 5% vinegar acid for 72 hours. This acid treatment leads to a decrease in mass of the specimens 7.78 % (averaged over ten acid treated specimens). Microstructure of natural bone and acid treated bone is then compared using confocal microscopy. To estimate effect of acid treatment on electrical resistivity of bone, the specimens are rinsed and saturated with 0.9% NaCl solution for ten minutes. Then electrical resistance is measured by the four-point method and electrical resistivity is calculated. Averaging over ten acid treated specimens and ten control specimens show that decalcification lead to increase of electrical resistivity 5.85 times. Comparison of mechanical properties of natural and acid treated bones is done by three point bending using Instron 5882 testing machine. It is observed that 7.78 % mass loss in cortical bone yields reduction of the Young’s modulus about 2.7 times and bending strength of the specimens by 35%. A positive correlation between change in strength and Young’s modulus and electrical resistivity of the individual specimens is observed. The obtained results allows one to estimate changes in mechanical and electrical properties of bone from known losses in bone mass and, thus, non-destructively evaluate the decrease in bone strength through changes in electrical resistivity.

scholarly journals Osteoporosis Changes Collagen/Apatite Orientation and Young’s Modulus in Vertebral Cortical Bone of Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryosuke Ozasa ◽  
Takuya Ishimoto ◽  
Sayaka Miyabe ◽  
Jun Hashimoto ◽  
Makoto Hirao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus

The Effect of Pressure and Pore-Forming Agent on the Mechanical Properties of Porous Titanium

2011 ◽  
Vol 217-218 ◽  
pp. 1191-1196
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Yuan Chen Qi ◽  
Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Porous Titanium ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Cold Isostatic Press ◽  
Effect Of Pressure ◽  
Porous Ti

Porous titanium compacts were fabricated by powder metallurgy using cold isostatic press with and without pore forming agents. Their microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated in this study. These alloy powders were sintered under 1300°C in vacuum of 10-3 Pa for 2h, followed by furnace cooling. Young’s modulus of sintered Ti could equal that of human’s dense bones. It was found that the strength of porous Ti enhanced by increasing the pressure or decreasing the amounts of pore forming agents. We prepared a porous pure Ti with 30wt.% NH4HCO3 as pore forming agents whose modulus was near to the human cortical bone, as compared in the range from 10 to 30GPa of Young’s modulus for human bone.

Anisotropy of Young's modulus of human tibial cortical bone

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. K. Hoffmeister ◽  
S. R. Smith ◽  
S. M. Handley ◽  
J. Y. Rho
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Tibial Cortical Bone

What determines the bending strength of compact bone?

1999 ◽  
Vol 202 (18) ◽  
pp. 2495-2503 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Currey
Keyword(s):  
Yield Stress ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Compact Bone ◽  
Yield Strain ◽  
Bone Material ◽  
Weak Part

The bending strength of a wide variety of bony types is shown to be nearly linearly proportional to Young's modulus of elasticity/100. A somewhat closer and more satisfactory fit is obtained if account is taken of the variation of yield strain with Young's modulus. This finding strongly suggests that bending strength is determined by the yield strain. The yield stress in tension, which might be expected to predict the bending strength, underestimates the true bending strength by approximately 40 %. This may be explained by two phenomena. (1) The post-yield deformation of the bone material allows a greater bending moment to be exerted after the yield point has been reached, thereby increasing the strength as calculated from beam formulae. (2) Loading in bending results in a much smaller proportion of the volume of the specimens being raised to high stresses than is the case in tension, and this reduces the likelihood of a weak part of the specimen being loaded to failure.

Thermomechanical Processing of a Biocompatible Ti-Ta-Nb Alloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Doina Raducanu ◽  
Vasile Danut Cojocaru ◽  
Ion Cinca ◽  
Ioan Dan
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Thermomechanical Processing ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Corrosion Stability ◽  
Low Elastic Modulus

The design of novel Ti-based alloys for biomedical load-bearing implant application, such as hip or knee prostheses, aims at providing structural materials which are characterized by good corrosion stability in the human body, high fatigue resistance, high strength-to-weight ratio, good ductility, low elastic modulus, excellent wear resistance, low cytotoxicity and a negligible tendency to provoke allergic reactions. Low elastic modulus is required to be close to that of a human bone, in order to transfer the adequate mechanical stress to the surrounding bone. The Young’s modulus of biomaterials is desired to be equal to that of cortical bone because if the Young’s modulus of biomaterials is much greater than that of cortical bone, bone resorption occurs. Investigated samples were subjected to mechanical tests, having provided these mechanical properties: ultimate tensile strength (σUTS), yield strength (σYS), elongation to fracture (εf) and elastic modulus (E).

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