Electron detection efficiency of a Nal(Tl) scintillator for electrons and for gamma rays above a few keV

1979 ◽  
Vol 159 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 497-512
Author(s):  
M.S. Freedman ◽  
D.A. Beery ◽  
F.T. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Electron Detection

Neutron-Gamma Discrimination Using Zero-Crossing Method for BC454 Boron Loaded Plastic Scintillator

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Wang ◽  
Bin He ◽  
Quanhu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Plastic Scintillator ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Discrimination Performance ◽  
Slow Neutron ◽  
Fast Neutrons ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
High Detection Efficiency ◽  
Slow Neutrons

Boron loaded plastic scintillator could detect both fast neutrons (thanks to hydrogen) and slow neutrons (thanks to 10B). The large cross sections of both reactions lead to high detection efficiency of incident neutrons. However, gamma rays must be rejected first as the scintillator is also sensitive to them. In the present research zero crossing method was used to test neutron-gamma discrimination performance of BC454 boron loaded plastic scintillator. Three contrast experiments were carried out and different thermalization degrees lead to different time spectra in the MCA. Further analysis proved that three Gaussian curves could be used to fit the spectra; they corresponded to gamma rays, fast neutrons and slow neutrons respectively. The slow neutron curve could be clearly separated from the gamma curve. Discrimination performance for fast neutrons became poor, but their peaks could also be separated.

scholarly journals A Novel Portable Gamma Radiation Sensor Based on a Monolithic Lutetium-Yttrium Oxyorthosilicate Ring

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3376
Author(s):  
Xi Zhang ◽  
Qiangqiang Xie ◽  
Siwei Xie ◽  
Xin Yu ◽  
Jianfeng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Detection ◽  
Radiation Detectors ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Environmental Radiation ◽  
Radiation Sensor

Portable radiation detectors are widely used in environmental radiation detection and medical imaging due to their portability feature, high detection efficiency, and large field of view. Lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO) is a widely used scintillator in gamma radiation detection. However, the structure and the arrangement of scintillators limit the sensitivity and detection accuracy of these radiation detectors. In this study, a novel portable sensor based on a monolithic LYSO ring was developed for the detection of environmental radiation through simulation, followed by construction and assessments. Monte Carlo simulations were utilized to prove the detection of gamma rays at 511 keV by the developed sensor. The simulations data, including energy resolutions, decoding errors, and sensitivity, showed good potential for the detection of gamma rays by the as-obtained sensor. The experimental results using the VA method revealed decoding errors in the energy window width of 50 keV less than 2°. The average error was estimated at 0.67°, a sufficient value for the detection of gamma radiation. In sum, the proposed radiation sensor appears promising for the construction of high-performance radiation detectors and systems.

GAMMA-RAY AND NEUTRINO SPECTRA IN GRBs

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 1557-1560
Author(s):  
KATSUAKI ASANO
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
Strong Magnetic Fields ◽  
High Energy Cosmic Rays ◽  
Neutrino Detection

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the possible sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), because of the extreme values of ultra-relativistic velocities and strong magnetic fields. In this paper we review the validity of GRBs as sources of UHECRs, and introduce our recent detailed studies of gamma-rays and neutrinos due to UHECRs utilizing comprehensive Monte Carlo codes. Future observations such as Fermi, ground-based telescopes and other facilities may provide constraints on the UHECR acceleration efficiency in GRBs. We also show a preliminary result of neutrino detection efficiency from a GRB with JEM-EUSO.

Influence of Secondary Electron Detection Efficiency on Controllability of Dopant Ion Number in Single Ion Implantation

1999 ◽  
Vol 38 (Part 1, No. 6A) ◽  
pp. 3419-3421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Shinada ◽  
Atsuki Ishikawa ◽  
Makoto Fujita ◽  
Keisuke Yamashita ◽  
Iwao Ohdomari
Keyword(s):  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Electron Detection

scholarly journals Sorting fission from parasitic coincidences of neutrons and gamma rays in plastic scintillators using particle times of flight

2021 ◽  
Vol 253 ◽  
pp. 07014
Author(s):  
V. Bottau ◽  
C. Carasco ◽  
B. Perot ◽  
C. Eleon ◽  
R. De Stefano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Spontaneous Fission ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Pulse Shape Discrimination ◽  
Pulse Detection ◽  
Plastic Scintillators ◽  
Neutron Detection Efficiency

This work addresses the use of plastic scintillators as an alternative to 3He detectors for radioactive waste drum characterization. The time response of scintillators is three orders of magnitude faster than that of gas proportional counters and they offer similar neutron detection efficiency at lower cost. However, they are sensitive to gamma rays and the commonly used Pulse Shape Discrimination technique is not possible with basic PVT scintillators. This paper reports on an innovative data processing technique allowing to extract spontaneous fission events from parasitic coincidences, such as those from the (α,n) reactions accompanied by correlated gamma rays or from pure gamma-ray sources emitting correlated radiations. The proposed approach makes advantage of differences in the pulse detection times recorded in measurements with the 252Cf, AmBe and 60Co sources. More precisely, a 2D histogram of time delays between the detected 2nd and 1st pulses, on the x-axis, and between the 3rd and 2nd pulses, on the y-axis, is found to allow for selection of a region of interest most relevant to spontaneous fission events.

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