Radiation-induced color centers in LiF for dosimetry at high absorbed dose rates

1980 ◽  
Vol 175 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. McLaughlin ◽  
Arne Miller ◽  
Stuart C. Ellis ◽  
Arthur C. Lucas ◽  
Barbara M. Kapsar
Keyword(s):  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Color Centers ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rates

scholarly journals EANM position paper on the role of radiobiology in nuclear medicine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
An Aerts ◽  
Uta Eberlein ◽  
Sören Holm ◽  
Roland Hustinx ◽  
Mark Konijnenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Added Value ◽  
External Irradiation ◽  
Executive Summary ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Medical Physicists ◽  
Radiation Induced

Executive SummaryWith an increasing variety of radiopharmaceuticals for diagnostic or therapeutic nuclear medicine as valuable diagnostic or treatment option, radiobiology plays an important role in supporting optimizations. This comprises particularly safety and efficacy of radionuclide therapies, specifically tailored to each patient. As absorbed dose rates and absorbed dose distributions in space and time are very different between external irradiation and systemic radionuclide exposure, distinct radiation-induced biological responses are expected in nuclear medicine, which need to be explored. This calls for a dedicated nuclear medicine radiobiology. Radiobiology findings and absorbed dose measurements will enable an improved estimation and prediction of efficacy and adverse effects. Moreover, a better understanding on the fundamental biological mechanisms underlying tumor and normal tissue responses will help to identify predictive and prognostic biomarkers as well as biomarkers for treatment follow-up. In addition, radiobiology can form the basis for the development of radiosensitizing strategies and radioprotectant agents. Thus, EANM believes that, beyond in vitro and preclinical evaluations, radiobiology will bring important added value to clinical studies and to clinical teams. Therefore, EANM strongly supports active collaboration between radiochemists, radiopharmacists, radiobiologists, medical physicists, and physicians to foster research toward precision nuclear medicine.

scholarly journals Influences of Absorbed Dose Rate on the Mechanical Properties and Fiber–Matrix Interaction of High-Density Polyethylene-Based Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Irradiated by Electron-Beam

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3012
Author(s):  
Se Kye Park ◽  
Dong Yun Choi ◽  
Duyoung Choi ◽  
Dong Yun Lee ◽  
Seung Hwa Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
High Density ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rates

In this study, a high-density polyethylene (HDPE)-based carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic (CFRTP) was irradiated by an electron-beam. To assess the absorbed dose rate influence on its mechanical properties, the beam energy and absorbed dose were fixed, while the absorbed dose rates were varied. The tensile strength (TS) and Young’s modulus (YM) were evaluated. The irradiated CFRTP TS increased at absorbed dose rates of up to 6.8 kGy/s and decreased at higher rates. YM showed no meaningful differences. For CFRTPs constituents, the carbon fiber (CF) TS gradually increased, while the HDPE TS decreased slightly as the absorbed dose rates increased. The OH intermolecular bond was strongly developed in irradiated CFRTP at low absorbed dose rates and gradually declined when increasing those rates. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed that the oxygen content of irradiated CFRTPs decreased with increasing absorbed dose rate due to the shorter irradiation time at higher dose rates. In conclusion, from the TS viewpoint, opposite effects occurred when increasing the absorbed dose rate: a favorable increase in CF TS and adverse decline of attractive hydrogen bonding interactions between HDPE and CF for CFRTPs TS. Therefore, the irradiated CFRTP TS was maximized at an optimum absorbed dose rate of 6.8 kGy/s.

scholarly journals Nanoparticles synthesis by electron beam radiolysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 774-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioan Călinescu ◽  
Diana Martin ◽  
Daniel Ighigeanu ◽  
Adina Gavrila ◽  
Adrian Trifan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
High Dose Rate ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rates

AbstractElectron beam (EB) irradiation is a useful method to generate stable silver nanoparticles without the interference of inherent impurities generated from chemical reactions. Our experiments were carried out using linear electron beam accelerators with two different EB absorbed dose rates: 2 kGy min−1 and 7–8 kGy s−1, and with different absorbed dose levels. The optimum conditions for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) generation by radiolysis, or by radiolysis combined with chemical reduction, were established. In order to obtain a good yield for AgNPs synthesized by radiolysis, a high dose rate is required, resulting in a rapid production process. At low absorbed dose rates, the utilization of a stabilization agent is advisable. By modifying the experimental conditions, the ratio between the chemical and radiolytic reduction process can be adjusted, thus it is possible to obtain nanoparticles with tailored characteristics, depending on the desired application.

Estimation of indoor radon levels and absorbed dose rates in air for Chennai city, Tamilnadu, India

2012 ◽  
Vol 293 (2) ◽  
pp. 649-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Babai ◽  
S. Poongothai ◽  
K. S. Lakshmi ◽  
J. Punniyakotti ◽  
V. Meenakshisundaram
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rates ◽  
Chennai City

Fast and Selective Measurement of Absorbed Dose Rates for Archeological Dating by TSEE

1983 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 189-190
Author(s):  
M. Petel ◽  
J.P. Massué ◽  
H. Francois ◽  
J. Tripier
Keyword(s):  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rates

IMPACT ON ABSORBED DOSE RATE IN AIR IN KANTO REGION BY FUKUSHIMA DAIICHI NUCLEAR POWER PLANT ACCIDENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 500-503
Author(s):  
K Inoue ◽  
M Arai ◽  
H Tsuruoka ◽  
K Saito ◽  
M Fujisawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Artificial Radionuclides ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rates ◽  
Kanto Region

Abstract Absorbed dose rates in air were measured for the whole area of the Kanto region in 2015, 2016 and 2017 (n = 31 147). The mean absorbed dose rates in air for each prefecture measured by car-borne surveys were from 44 to 67 nGy h−1 (13–289 nGy h−1). The absorbed dose rate in air from artificial radionuclides (134Cs + 137Cs) measured by fixed-point observation (n = 507) was from 1 to 14 nGy h−1 (0–105 nGy h−1), and meaning that the contribution ratios of 134Cs and 137Cs were 3–22%. The deposited location of artificial radionuclides was less than 1000 m from ground level and depended on the topography, wind direction and precipitation field.

Occupational exposure to natural radioactivity in some factories in Suez City

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-575
Author(s):  
H. A. Abdel Ghany ◽  
A. El-Shershaby ◽  
A. Sroor ◽  
M. Abdel-Samei
Keyword(s):  
Surface Soil ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Average Activity ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rates ◽  
High Resolution Gamma Spectrometry ◽  
Radioactivity Measurements

This work presents the results of the absorbed dose rates and estimated effective doses of the surface soils samples collected from different factories in the industrial region of Suez City, Egypt using high resolution gamma spectrometry system (HpGe) detector. The average activity concentrations of 226Ra, 238U, 232Th and 40K in fertilizer factories were: 74.54 ± 3.7, 26.54 ± 1.3, 14.68 ± 0.73 and 233 ± 11.68 Bq kg−1, respectively, in Ceramic factories were: 75.91 ± 3.7, 31.35 ± 1.56, 20.34 ± 1.01 and 255 ± 12.76 Bq kg−1, respectively, in textile factories were: 121 ± 6.07, 36.22 ± 1.81, 25.80 ± 1.29 and 1076 ± 53.83 Bq kg−1, respectively, in oil factories were: 76.24 ± 3.81, 25.90 ± 1.29, 15.26 ± 0.7 and 266 ± 13.31 Bq kg−1, respectively, and in steel factory were: 79.72 ± 3.98, 35.22 ± 1.76, 11.95 ± 0.59 and 163 ± 8.16 Bq kg−1, respectively. The calculated absorbed dose rates in factories were: 31.13 ± 1.55, 37.86 ± 1.89, 79.04 ± 3.95, 32.64 ± 1.63 and 29.99 ± 1.49 nGy h−1, respectively. Also, the annual effective dose in the above factories were: 0.03 ± 0.001, 0.04 ± 0.002, 0.09 ± 0.004, 0.03 ± 0.001 and 0.036 ± 0.001 mSv y−1, respectively. Also, the exposure of workers to radon was studied using solid state nuclear track detectors (CR-39). The results indicate that feeding materials variably affect the radioactivity measurements of the surface soil in different factories.

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