Resistance of head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis de Geer) to DDT in Malaysia

1982 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Sinniah ◽  
D. Sinniah
Keyword(s):  
Head Louse ◽  
Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽  
Pediculus Humanus

Identification and characterization of an esterase involved in malathion resistance in the head louse Pediculus humanus capitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deok Ho Kwon ◽  
Ju Hyeon Kim ◽  
Young Ho Kim ◽  
Kyong Sup Yoon ◽  
J. Marshall Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Louse ◽  
Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽  
Pediculus Humanus ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Pyrethroid Pediculicide Resistance of Head Lice in Canada Evaluated by Serial Invasive Signal Amplification Reaction

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Marcoux ◽  
Kathleen G. Palma ◽  
Nalini Kaul ◽  
Hilliary Hodgdon ◽  
Andrea Van Geest ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allele Frequency ◽  
Signal Amplification ◽  
Head Louse ◽  
Human Head ◽  
The United States ◽  
Head Lice ◽  
Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽  
Pediculus Humanus ◽  
S Allele ◽  
Amplification Reaction

Background: Most people in the United States and Canada with pediculosis will be treated with neurotoxic pediculicides containing pyrethrins or pyrethroids. Their widespread use led to significant resistance reported from various countries. Although treatment failures are frequently observed in Canada, the resistance frequency to pyrethroid pediculicide of human head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) has not been determined. Objective: To determine the knockdown resistance ( kdr) allele frequency in human head louse populations in Canada. Methods: Patients infested with Pediculus humanus capitis, aged 4 to 65 years, residents of Ontario, Quebec, and British Columbia, were participants. Head lice were collected by combing and picking the enrolled subjects' hair. Lice were analyzed by serial invasive signal amplification reaction (SISAR) for genotyping the T917I mutation of lice indicating permethrin resistance. The permethrin-resistant kdr allele (R allele) frequency could then be evaluated in the head lice collected in Canada. Results: Of the head louse populations analyzed, 133 of 137 (97.1%) had a resistant (R) allele frequency, whereas only 4 of 137 (2.9%) had a susceptible (S) allele frequency. Conclusions: The 97.1% resistant (R) allele frequency in head lice from Canada could explain the treatment failures encountered with pyrethrin and pyrethroid pediculicide treatments in Canadian populations infested with Pediculus humanus capitis as the latter will not be eliminated by those pediculicides.

Natural population of the head-louse (Pediculus humanus capitis: Anoplura) on infected children in England

Parasitology ◽  
1942 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Mellanby
Keyword(s):  
Natural Population ◽  
Head Louse ◽  
Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
Pediculus Humanus

The louse populations of the heads of 93 infested children, 45 boys and 48 girls under 14 years of age from a northern English industrial city have been examined.The average number of lice per head was 14·8 for all children, 12·7 for boys and 16·8 for girls. The maximum population observed was 142.The majority of infestations (65%) were light with under 10 lice. Girls were more frequently heavily infested than boys.Most of the infestations, though light, must have been established at least for some weeks.

scholarly journals AVOIDING EXTINCTION BY MIGRATION: THE CASE OF THE HEAD LOUSE

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 1550010
Author(s):  
OCTAVIO CABRERA ◽  
DAMIÁN H. ZANETTE
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Head Louse ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Population Fluctuations ◽  
Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽  
Host Group ◽  
Pediculus Humanus ◽  
Biological Population ◽  
Risk Of Extinction ◽  
Spatial Domains

The possibility of spreading by migration, colonizing new spatial domains suitable for development and reproduction, can substantially relieve a biological population from the risk of extinction. By means of a realistic computational model based on empirical data, we study this phenomenon for the human head louse, Pediculus humanus capitis. In particular, we show that a lice colony infesting a single isolated host is prone to extinction by stochastic population fluctuations within an interval of several months, while migration over a relatively small group of hosts in contact with each other is enough to insure the prevalence of the infestation for indefinitely long periods. We characterize the interplay of the size of the host group with the host-to-host contagion probability, which controls a transition between extinction of the lice population and a situation where the infestation is endemic.

scholarly journals Pediculus humanus capitis: a study of the male genitalia using a combined stereoscopic, confocal laser scanning, and scanning electron microscopy approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanca E. Álvarez-Fernández ◽  
María Morales-Suárez-Varela ◽  
Benjamín Nogueda-Torres ◽  
M. Adela Valero
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Head Louse ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽  
Pediculus Humanus ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Background The male genital structures of arthropods are key features in the taxonomic and phylogenetic study of these organisms. The male genitalia of the head louse Pediculus humanus capitis are complex organs which are partly composed of structures that dynamically extrude during copulation. Methods Here, we describe the morphology of the genitalia of P. humanus capitis at the copulation stage, and at rest, by using stereoscopic microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results CLSM and SEM images revealed that the vesica is composed of two distinct anatomical parts, the proximal lobe and the distal lobe. Both lobes have short and narrow spines, as well as long and wide scales with either sharp or rounded tips. The rounded scales vary in size and have a wavy base and rounded tips, and thus resemble a tongue in appearance. We identified a gland-like area on the penis with 11 shallow circular depressions, and a flat area with 14–16 exit orifices. The apical end of the penis has a foliaceous trifurcation and serves to expel the contents of the ejaculatory duct. These characteristics were recorded for all the specimens analyzed, indicating that these structures are highly conserved; to our knowledge, they have not been previously reported for any suborder of lice. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, our results reveal for the first time the morphological details, and complexity, of the male genitalia of the head louse P. humanus capitis at different stages of copulation. The new approach described here provided information that should be taken into consideration in future research on the genitalia of lice. Application of this approach will also impact the taxonomic and phylogenetic study of other insect taxa. Graphical Abstract

scholarly journals Pediculosis palpebrarum initially diagnosed as blepharitis

2009 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Ebeigbe ◽  
A. B. Osaiyuwu
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Head Louse ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Pediculus Humanus Capitis ◽  
Body Louse ◽  
Pediculus Humanus ◽  
Live Specimen

Pediculosis is an infestation of lice. Eyelid involvement is uncommon, but can be caused by pediculus humanus capitis (head louse), rarely by  pediculus humanus corporis (body louse) and commonly by phthirus pubis (pubic louse). Signs and symptoms are similar to those of blepharitis. A diagnosis of any type of pediculosis requires the finding of live specimen of lice and/or a viable nit.The immediate and effective treatment of pediculosis palpebrarum is removal of the lice and nits manually with forceps and treating the patient withvaseline, twice daily for seven to ten days. Also, fomites such as pillow cases, bedsheets, towels and hats  need to be washed in hot water and dried. This is to avoid further spread of lice or reinfestation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document