Depth resolution and surface roughness effects in sputter profiling of NiCr multilayer sandwich samples using Auger electron spectroscopy

1977 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hofmann ◽  
J. Erlewein ◽  
A. Zalar
2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Raman ◽  
D. F. Paul ◽  
J. S. Hammond ◽  
K. D. Bomben

Over the past decade, the field of nanotechnology has expanded, and the most heavily used nanoscale characterization/imaging techniques have been scanning probe microscopy (SPM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Although these high-resolution imaging techniques help visualize nanostructures, it is essential to understand the chemical nature of these materials and their growth mechanisms. Surface modifications in the first few nanometers can alter the bulk properties of these nanostructures, and conventional characterization techniques, including energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) associated with SEM and TEM are not suited to detecting these surface modifications except in special, favorable specimens. A modern state-of-the-art scanning Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) instrument provides valuable elemental and chemical characterization of nanostructures with a lateral spatial resolution better than 10 nm and a depth resolution of a few nm. In this article we review the technique of scanning AES and highlight its unique analytical capabilities in the areas of nanotechnology, metallurgy, and semiconductors.


Author(s):  
Noel C. MacDonald

During the past several years, Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) has developed from a research curiosity to a practical surface chemical analysis technique. The practical applications of AES have been further increased by combining AES with simultaneous ion sputter etching; this powerful combination of AES and sputter etching is now routinely used to chemical profile thin film and other composite structures with a depth resolution of 10 - 50 Å. AES is sensitive to all elements except hydrogen and helium, and spectra for the majority of the elements are now cataloged in one reference source.AES is performed by electron bombarding a solid surface and energy analyzing the resulting secondary electrons. The secondary electrons that have undergone Auger transitions produce small peaks in the secondary electron distribution function, and the positions of these peaks in energy are used to identify the elements producing the transitions.


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