Levels of total mercury and methylmercury compounds in sediments of the polluted Elbe River: influence of seasonally and spatially varying environmental factors

1995 ◽  
Vol 166 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
H HINTELMANN ◽  
R WILKEN
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Elbe River ◽  
Methylmercury Compounds ◽  
Spatially Varying

Exploring spatially varying relationships between forest fire and environmental factors at different quantile levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 486
Author(s):  
Qianqian Cao ◽  
Lianjun Zhang ◽  
Zhangwen Su ◽  
Guangyu Wang ◽  
Futao Guo
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Fire Occurrence ◽  
Road Density ◽  
Forest Fire Management ◽  
Normalised Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Spatially Varying

The effect of driving factors on forest fire occurrence at various risk levels beyond average fire risk is of great interest to forest fire managers in practice. Using forest fire occurrence data collected in Fujian province, China, global quantile regression (QR) and geographically weighted quantile regression (GWQR) were applied to investigate the spatially varying relationships between forest fire and environmental factors at different quantiles (e.g. 0.50, 0.75, 0.90 and 0.99) of fire occurrence. These results indicated that: (1) at each quantile, the regression coefficients of both global QR and GWQR were negative for elevation, slope and Normalised Difference Vegetation Index, and positive for settlement density, national road density and grass cover; (2) low number of pixels with high fire occurrence in space might dramatically affect the analysis and modelling of the relationship between fire occurrence and a specific environmental factor; (3) according to GWQR, the relationships between forest fire and environmental factors significantly varied across the study area at different quantiles of fire occurrence; and (4) the GWQR models performed better in model fitting and prediction than the QR models at all quantiles. Therefore, the GWQR models could help decision makers to better plan for forest fire management and prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Total Mercury and Methylmercury Contamination in Fish from Sites along the Elbe River

2006 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Maršálek ◽  
Z. Svobodová ◽  
T. Randák
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Abramis Brama ◽  
Elbe River ◽  
Barbus Barbus ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
The Elbe River ◽  
Leuciscus Cephalus

The aim of the study was to evaluate total mercury Hg and methylmercury MeHg contamination in muscle tissues of fish collected in 2002 from the Labe (Elbe) river at sites upstream of Pardubice and downstream of Pardubice and Hřensko, and in 2004 from the Labe river upstream and downstream of the Spolana factory in Neratovice, and from the Vltava river downstream of Lenora. Eighty eight fish of the following species were sampled: bream (Abramis brama L.), perch (Perca fluviatilis L.), chub (Leuciscus cephalus L.) and barbel (Barbus barbus L.). Total mercury content in chub, perch and bream was in the range of 0.05 - 1.96 mg kg-1 w.w., 0. 09 - 1.46 mg kg-1 w.w. and 0.35 - 0.82 mg kg-1 w.w., respectively. Methylmercury content in chub, perch and bream was in the range of 0.04 - 2.11 mg kg-1 w.w., 0.1 - 1.73 mg kg-1 w.w. and 0.371 - 0.650 mg kg-1 w.w., respectively. Significant correlation (p < 0.05) was found between contents of THg and MeHg and both the weight and the age of fish. Significant differences (p < 0.05) between THg and MeHg contents were found between individual sites. In 2002, for example, the most contaminated fish were found downstream of Pardubice, followed by fish from upstream of Pardubice and from Hřensko. In 2004, fish from downstream and upstream of the Spolana factory in Neratovice were more contaminated than fish from the Vltava river downstream of Lenora. The methylmercury-tototal mercury ratio in muscle tissue was close to 1.0.

scholarly journals Mercury and methylmercury in muscle tissue of chub from the Elbe River main tributaries

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kružíková ◽  
Z. Svobodová ◽  
O. Valentová ◽  
T. Randák ◽  
J. Velíšek
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Fish Intake ◽  
Mercury Contamination ◽  
Elbe River ◽  
Cold Vapour ◽  
The Elbe River ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Hazard Indexes

The aim of the present study was to investigate the concentrations of total mercury and methylmercury in muscle of 55 chub (<I>Leuciscus cephalus</I>) from seven main tributaries (Orlice, Chrudimka, Cidlina, Jizera, Vltava, Ohře, Bílina) of the Elbe River and to evaluate the health risks of eating fish from the tributaries monitored. Mercury was determined by means of cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry using AMA-254, methylmercury in the form of CH<sub>3</sub>HgCl by gas chromatography. The highest mean concentrations of total mercury and methylmercury were found in the Jizera (0.27 ± 0.19 mg/kg and 0.23 ± 0.15 mg/kg, respectively) and the lowest mean concentrations of total mercury and methylmercury were found in the chub from the Cidlina (0.07 ± 0.05 mg/kg and 0.06 ± 0.04 mg/kg, respectively). The average methylmercury-to-total mercury ratio was 83 ± 15%. The fish intake hazard indexes calculated for the individual tributaries monitored were between 0.01 and 0.03. The results of this study show that the Elbe River is not significantly affected by mercury contamination from its main tributaries

scholarly journals Mercury content in the muscle of fish from the Elbe River and its tributaries

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 528-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Žlábek ◽  
Z. Svobodová ◽  
T. Randák ◽  
O. Valentová
Keyword(s):  
Total Mercury ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Mercury Contamination ◽  
Elbe River ◽  
Contamination Assessment ◽  
Fresh Fish ◽  
Fish Muscles ◽  
The Elbe River

The main aim of the present study was to assess the mercury contamination of the Elbe River and its tributary the Vltava River. Mercury concentrations in fresh fish muscles were used for the contamination assessment. The samples were collected in 1999, 2002 and 2003 at 7, 2 and 1 collection sites from the Elbe River, Vltava River and Blanice River (tributary of the Vltava River), respectively. Samples of bream (Abramis brama&nbsp;L.), perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) and chub (Leuciscus cephalus L.) muscle were collected at the monitored sites. A single-purpose mercury analyser AMA 254 was used to determine the total mercury content in the muscle tissue of fish. Average concentrations of mercury in the muscle of bream, perch and chub were in the range 0.172&ndash;0.852 mg/kg, 0.077&ndash;1.07 mg/kgand 0.141&ndash;1.631 mg/kg,respectively. The highest values of total mercury content were found in fish from the localities Obř&iacute;stv&iacute; and Lys&aacute; nad Labem (P &lt; 0.05; P &lt; 0.01, respectively) in the river section from 120<sup>th</sup> to 160<sup>th</sup> river kilometre. The highest value of total mercury content (2.56 mg/kg) in the fresh muscle of chub was in the Obř&iacute;stv&iacute; vicinity. It poses a high risk for consumers, considering the average consumption of 10 kg fish per capita/year (hazard index 3.0). On the other hand, total mercury contamination decreased in the localities Děč&iacute;n and Hřensko (15<sup>th</sup>&ndash;5<sup>th</sup> r. km) in the period 1999&ndash;2003. The findings in 2003 indicated that the disastrous floods in 2002 did not significantly influence the mercury contamination of fish. &nbsp;

Reductionist thinking and animal models in neuropsychiatric research

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Baran
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Developmental Genetic ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Mechanisms Of Plasticity

AbstractReductionist thinking in neuroscience is manifest in the widespread use of animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders. Broader investigations of diverse behaviors in non-model organisms and longer-term study of the mechanisms of plasticity will yield fundamental insights into the neurobiological, developmental, genetic, and environmental factors contributing to the “massively multifactorial system networks” which go awry in mental disorders.

The dual nature of obesity in metabolic programming: quantity versus quality of adipose tissue

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (18) ◽  
pp. 2447-2451
Author(s):  
Anissa Viveiros ◽  
Gavin Y. Oudit
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Metabolic Programming ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Adipose Tissue Volume ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

Abstract The global prevalence of obesity has been rising at an alarming rate, accompanied by an increase in both childhood and maternal obesity. The concept of metabolic programming is highly topical, and in this context, describes a predisposition of offspring of obese mothers to the development of obesity independent of environmental factors. Research published in this issue of Clinical Science conducted by Litzenburger and colleagues (Clin. Sci. (Lond.) (2020) 134, 921–939) have identified sex-dependent differences in metabolic programming and identify putative signaling pathways involved in the differential phenotype of adipose tissue between males and females. Delineating the distinction between metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity is a topic of emerging interest, and the precise nature of adipocytes are key to pathogenesis, independent of adipose tissue volume.

Shared Responsibilities for Full Participation in Society: Planning Further Integration of the ICF Into AAC

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Blake Huer ◽  
Travis T. Threats
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Community Support ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Social Service Agencies ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Full Participation

The World Health Organization's (WHO's) 2001 International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) has as one of its central tenets the full inclusion of persons with disabilities in society. It acknowledges the need for medical and rehabilitation intervention in its biopscychosocial framework. However, the WHO realizes that society must do its part to facilitate this full participation and empowerment. Persons with complex communication needs (PWCCN) often need augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) in order to express themselves. However, in order to access and successfully use AAC, PWCCN need access to the necessary AAC devices and services, as well as a willing society to interact with them as full contributing members of society. The factors outside of a person's specific physical and/or cognitive functional limitations are addressed in the ICF via the Personal and Environmental Factors. Personal Factors include the individual's personality traits, lifestyle, experiences, social/educational/professional background, race, gender, and age. Environmental Factors include community support systems, social service agencies, governments, social networks, and those persons that interact with the PWCCN. This article addresses the sociopolitical influences on PWCCN and their functioning from a human rights perspective. The necessary introspective role of speech-language pathologists in this process is explored.

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