Current status of stuttering and behavior modification—I: Recent trends in the application of behavior modification in children and adults

Abstract. The core aim of the present study is to compare the effects of a safety campaign and a behavior modification program on traffic safety. As is the case in community-based health promotion, the present study's approach of the attitude campaign was based on active participation of the group of recipients. One of the reasons why many attitude campaigns conducted previously have failed may be that they have been society-based public health programs. Both the interventions were carried out simultaneously among students aged 18-19 years in two Norwegian high schools (n = 342). At the first high school the intervention was behavior modification, at the second school a community-based attitude campaign was carried out. Baseline and posttest data on attitudes toward traffic safety and self-reported risk behavior were collected. The results showed that there was a significant total effect of the interventions although the effect depended on the type of intervention. There were significant differences in attitude and behavior only in the sample where the attitude campaign was carried out and no significant changes were found in the group of recipients of behavior modification.

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The Structural Dilemma of Citizen Participation: The Interactive Influence of Social Status and Subjective Social Mobility

Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology ◽

10.1177/18344909211003169 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

pp. 183449092110031

Author(s):

Xuyun Tan ◽

Xuejiao Dou ◽

Yue Zhang ◽

Cai Xing ◽

Baoyu Bai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Status ◽

Social Mobility ◽

Citizen Participation ◽

Social Stratification ◽

Interactive Effect ◽

Current Status ◽

Analysis Framework ◽

Stratification Structure ◽

And Behavior ◽

High Social Status

In the context of rapid social change, the perception of social stratification has far-reaching and complex influences on human psychology and behavior, including citizen participation. The current research explored the interactive influence of social status and subjective social mobility on citizen participation. Two studies used experimental methods to manipulate subjective social mobility and social status, respectively, to examine the interactive effect. Taken together, the results of both studies revealed that the interaction between social status and subjective social mobility had a significant influence on citizen participation: whereas citizen participation with high social status was not affected by subjective social mobility, citizen participation with low social status decreased with increases in subjective social mobility. This research established a combined dynamic and static analysis framework of social stratification structure, elucidating the current status of citizen participation under the influence of the interaction between social status and subjective social mobility, and providing a countermeasure reference for effectively promoting citizen participation.

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