The Current Status of Pharmacology and Behavior

2015 ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
J. R. Wittenborn
Keyword(s):  
Current Status ◽  
And Behavior

scholarly journals The Structural Dilemma of Citizen Participation: The Interactive Influence of Social Status and Subjective Social Mobility

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 183449092110031
Author(s):  
Xuyun Tan ◽  
Xuejiao Dou ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Cai Xing ◽  
Baoyu Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Stratification Structure ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
High Social Status

In the context of rapid social change, the perception of social stratification has far-reaching and complex influences on human psychology and behavior, including citizen participation. The current research explored the interactive influence of social status and subjective social mobility on citizen participation. Two studies used experimental methods to manipulate subjective social mobility and social status, respectively, to examine the interactive effect. Taken together, the results of both studies revealed that the interaction between social status and subjective social mobility had a significant influence on citizen participation: whereas citizen participation with high social status was not affected by subjective social mobility, citizen participation with low social status decreased with increases in subjective social mobility. This research established a combined dynamic and static analysis framework of social stratification structure, elucidating the current status of citizen participation under the influence of the interaction between social status and subjective social mobility, and providing a countermeasure reference for effectively promoting citizen participation.

scholarly journals Model Based Approach to Cyber–Physical Systems Status Monitoring

Computers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Alexander Vodyaho ◽  
Saddam Abbas ◽  
Nataly Zhukova ◽  
Michael Chervoncev
Keyword(s):  
Process Mining ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Model Based ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Behavior

The distinctive feature of new generation information systems is not only their complexity in terms of number of elements, number of connections and hierarchy levels, but also their constantly changing structure and behavior. In this situation the problem of receiving actual information about the observed complex Cyber–Physical Systems (CPS) current status becomes a rather difficult task. This information is needed by stakeholders for solving tasks concerning keeping the system operational, improving its efficiency, ensuring security, etc. Known approaches to solving the problem of the complex distributed CPS actual status definition are not enough effective. The authors propose a model based approach to solving the task of monitoring the status of complex CPS. There are a number of known model based approaches to complex distributed CPS monitoring, but their main difference in comparison with the suggested one is that known approaches by the most part use static models which are to be build manually by experts. It takes a lot of human efforts and often results in errors. Our idea is that automata models of structure and behavior of the observed system are used and both of these models are built and kept in actual state in automatic mode on the basis of log file information. The proposed approach is based, on one hand, on the results of the authors researches in the field of automatic synthesis of multi-level automata models of observed systems and, on the other hand, on well known algorithms of process mining. In the paper typical monitoring tasks are described and generalized algorithms for solving them using the proposed system of models are presented. An example of real life systems based on the suggested approach is given. The approach can be recommended to use for building CPS of medium and high complexity, characterized by high structural dynamics and cognitive behavior.

scholarly journals Applications of MRI Connectomics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica S. Damoiseaux ◽  
Andre Altmann ◽  
Jonas Richiardi ◽  
Sepideh Sadaghiani
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Disease Biomarkers ◽  
Brain Structure And Function ◽  
And Function ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Behavior And Cognition ◽  
Brain Connectomics

Structural and functional brain connectomics are considered a basis for an individual's behavior and cognition. Therefore, deviations from typical connectivity patterns may indicate disease processes, and can potentially serve as disease biomarkers. To date, the direct clinical application of brain connectivity measures for diagnostics or treatment is limited. Nonetheless, the extant literature on fundamental and clinical research applications reveals important advances in our understanding of typical and atypical brain structure and function. In this chapter we discuss the current status of the field regarding: (1) the impact of the connectome on cognitive processes and behavior, (2) the connectome across the lifespan, and (3) clinical research applications of connectomics. In addition, we highlight some limitations of connectomics for research and clinical translation.

scholarly journals Sex/gender differences in cognition, neurophysiology, and neuroanatomy

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutz Jäncke
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Hormone Level ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Brain Anatomy ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Behavior And Cognition

In this mini-review, I summarize and interpret the current status of sex/gender differences in terms of brain anatomy, brain function, behavior, and cognition. Based on this review and the reported findings, I conclude that most of these sex/gender differences are not large enough to support the assumption of sexual dimorphism in terms of brain anatomy, brain function, cognition, and behavior. Instead, I suggest that many brain and cognitive features are modulated by environment, culture, and practice (and several other influences). These influences interact with the menstrual cycle, the general hormone level, and current gender stereotypes in a way that has not yet been fully understood.

scholarly journals The University of São Paulo Twin Panel: Current Status and Prospects for Brazilian Twin Studies in Behavioral Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 467-474
Author(s):  
Emma Otta ◽  
Eloisa de Souza Fernandes ◽  
Jonas Arantes Bueno ◽  
Keven Leandro dos Santos ◽  
Nancy L. Segal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Media Campaigns ◽  
Research Institution ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The University

AbstractThe University of São Paulo Twin Panel (Painel USP de Gêmeos), based at the Institute of Psychology of the University of São Paulo, started formally in 2017. Our registry is new, but in only two years of formal existence, it comprises a volunteer sample of 4826 registered individuals (98% twins and 2% higher-order multiples), recruited at the University of São Paulo and by social media campaigns. Our main aim is to conduct and promote research with twins on psychological processes and behavior. The University of São Paulo is the largest higher education and research institution in South America, and the Painel USP de Gêmeos has great potential for fostering research on twin-related issues from a psychological perspective in Brazil and South America.

Cultural Relevance in Special Education: Current Status and Future Directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 304-310
Author(s):  
Monica R. Brown ◽  
June P. Dennis ◽  
Monique Matute-Chavarria
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Family Involvement ◽  
Behavior Management ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Transition Services ◽  
Culturally And Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Education Experience ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds ◽  
And Behavior

Increasingly, educators have been charged with delivering academic and other instruction to groups of students who are culturally unlike themselves. What teachers know regarding the attitudes toward cultural diversity can be a powerful determinant of the academic, social, and behavioral opportunities and outcomes for students from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds in special education. Teachers are encouraged to integrate culturally responsive (CR) practices across the special education experience to better address the needs of these students. Typically, when included, it is in the areas of school discipline (behavior), transition, and family involvement. In this article, the authors discuss (a) the minoritization of students from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, (b) the effects of forced special education (e.g., overrepresentation and disproportionality), and (c) current CR practices in special education (e.g., working with families, classroom and behavior management, and transition services). Suggestions for creating culturally sustaining and inclusive environments in special education are recommended.

Evidence-Based Psychosocial Interventions

2018 ◽  
pp. 77-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan E. Kazdin
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Research To Practice ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
Psychological Dysfunction ◽  
Behavioral Treatments ◽  
Traditional Therapies ◽  
And Behavior

This chapter discusses the development of psychosocial interventions with supportive evidence in their behalf. The goals of these evidence-based psychosocial interventions are to reduce psychological dysfunction related to affect, cognition, and behavior and psychiatric disorders that can impair everyday functioning. The range of treatments with an evidence base is vast and includes multiple cognitive and behavioral treatments, traditional therapies, and many “treatments as usual.” This chapter provides a description of the current status of treatment, as well as the challenges related to interpretation of findings and the generality of findings from research to practice.

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