Identification of mitochondrial genes in Trypanosoma brucei and homology to cytochrome c oxidase II in two different reading frames

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Payne ◽  
Victoria Rothwell ◽  
Douglas P. Jasmer ◽  
Jean E. Feagin ◽  
Kenneth Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Trypanosoma Brucei ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
Reading Frames

Diverse patterns of expression of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene and unassigned reading frames 4 and 5 during the life cycle of Trypanosoma brucei

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 3041-3047
Author(s):  
D P Jasmer ◽  
J E Feagin ◽  
K Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Trypanosoma Brucei ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Oxidase Subunit ◽  
Life Cycle Stages ◽  
Multiple Processes ◽  
Mitochondrial Transcripts ◽  
Reading Frames

Transcription of a maxicircle segment from Trypanosoma brucei 164 that contains nucleotide (nt) sequences corresponding to cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and unassigned reading frames (URFs) 4 and 5 of other mitochondrial systems was investigated. Two major transcripts that differ in size by ca. 200 nt map to each of the COI and URF4 genes, while a single major transcript maps to URF5. In total RNA, the larger COI transcript is more abundant in procyclic forms (PFs) than in bloodstream forms (BFs), the smaller COI and both URF4 transcripts have similar abundances in both forms, and the single URF5 transcript is more abundant in BF than PF. These patterns of expression differ in poly(A)+ RNA as a result of a higher proportion of poly(A)+ mitochondrial transcripts in PFs than in BFs. In addition, small (300- to 500-nt) RNAs that are transcribed from C-rich sequences located between putative protein-coding genes also exhibit diverse patterns of expression between life cycle stages and differences in polyadenylation in PFs compared with BFs. These observations suggest that multiple processes regulate the differential expression of mitochondrial genes in T. brucei.

scholarly journals Diverse patterns of expression of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene and unassigned reading frames 4 and 5 during the life cycle of Trypanosoma brucei.

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 3041-3047 ◽  
Author(s):  
D P Jasmer ◽  
J E Feagin ◽  
K Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Trypanosoma Brucei ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Oxidase Subunit ◽  
Life Cycle Stages ◽  
Multiple Processes ◽  
Mitochondrial Transcripts ◽  
Reading Frames

Transcription of a maxicircle segment from Trypanosoma brucei 164 that contains nucleotide (nt) sequences corresponding to cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and unassigned reading frames (URFs) 4 and 5 of other mitochondrial systems was investigated. Two major transcripts that differ in size by ca. 200 nt map to each of the COI and URF4 genes, while a single major transcript maps to URF5. In total RNA, the larger COI transcript is more abundant in procyclic forms (PFs) than in bloodstream forms (BFs), the smaller COI and both URF4 transcripts have similar abundances in both forms, and the single URF5 transcript is more abundant in BF than PF. These patterns of expression differ in poly(A)+ RNA as a result of a higher proportion of poly(A)+ mitochondrial transcripts in PFs than in BFs. In addition, small (300- to 500-nt) RNAs that are transcribed from C-rich sequences located between putative protein-coding genes also exhibit diverse patterns of expression between life cycle stages and differences in polyadenylation in PFs compared with BFs. These observations suggest that multiple processes regulate the differential expression of mitochondrial genes in T. brucei.

scholarly journals Nuclear Gene Dosage Effects Upon the Expression of Maize Mitochondrial Genes

Genetics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 157 (4) ◽  
pp. 1711-1721
Author(s):  
Donald L Auger ◽  
Kathleen J Newton ◽  
James A Birchler
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Gene Dosage ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Eukaryotic Cell ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
Northern Analysis ◽  
Α Subunit ◽  
Dosage Effects ◽  
A Genome

Abstract Each mitochondrion possesses a genome that encodes some of its own components. The nucleus encodes most of the mitochondrial proteins, including the polymerases and factors that regulate the expression of mitochondrial genes. Little is known about the number or location of these nuclear factors. B-A translocations were used to create dosage series for 14 different chromosome arms in maize plants with normal cytoplasm. The presence of one or more regulatory factors on a chromosome arm was indicated when variation of its dosage resulted in the alteration in the amount of a mitochondrial transcript. We used quantitative Northern analysis to assay the transcript levels of three mitochondrially encoded components of the cytochrome c oxidase complex (cox1, cox2, and cox3). Data for a nuclearly encoded component (cox5b) and for two mitochondrial genes that are unrelated to cytochrome c oxidase, ATP synthase α-subunit and 18S rRNA, were also determined. Two tissues, embryo and endosperm, were compared and most effects were found to be tissue specific. Significantly, the array of dosage effects upon mitochondrial genes was similar to what had been previously found for nuclear genes. These results support the concept that although mitochondrial genes are prokaryotic in origin, their regulation has been extensively integrated into the eukaryotic cell.

Extensive editing of the cytochrome c oxidase III transcript in Trypanosoma brucei

Cell ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean E. Feagin ◽  
John M. Abraham ◽  
Kenneth Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Trypanosoma Brucei

Phylogeny of Dorippoidea (Crustacea : Decapoda : Brachyura) inferred from three mitochondrial genes

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. W. Sin ◽  
Joelle C. Y. Lai ◽  
Peter K. L. Ng ◽  
K. H. Chu
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
Generic Relationships ◽  
I Gene

The phylogenetic relationships between 10 of 13 genera of crabs from the superfamily Dorippoidea were investigated using mitochondrial 16S rRNA, 12S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene sequences. The resultant phylogenetic trees based on the three molecular markers support the division of Dorippidae and Ethusidae as monophyletic families within the Dorippoidea. The inferred inter-generic relationships within Dorippidae concur with groupings based on the overall morphology of the carapace and structures of the male first pleopods.

Nuclear and mitochondrial genes encoding cytochrome c oxidase subunits respond differently to the same metabolic factors

2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 689-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graciela C. Curi ◽  
Elina Welchen ◽  
Raquel L. Chan ◽  
Daniel H. Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
Metabolic Factors ◽  
Genes Encoding

scholarly journals Two mitochondrial genes are associated with performance traits in farmed raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides)

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 110-118
Author(s):  
S. Nisztuk-Pacek ◽  
B. Slaska ◽  
G. Zieba ◽  
I. Rozempolska-Rucinska
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
Nyctereutes Procyonoides ◽  
Gene Fragment ◽  
Mitochondrial Haplogroups ◽  
Adaptive Mutations ◽  
Performance Traits ◽  
Raccoon Dogs

The relationships between chosen mitochondrial genes polymorphisms and performance traits in raccoon dogs were determined. The study involved 354 farmed raccoon dogs. Blood collected from the animals was the analysed biological material. Mitochondrial DNA genes, i.e. MT-CO1 (mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I), MT-CO2 (mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II), and MT-CYB (mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b) were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction method. The amplicons obtained were sequenced and subjected to bioinformatics analysis. Based on the nucleotide sequences, three haplotypes for the MT-CO1 gene fragment and two haplotypes for the MT-CO2 gene fragment were identified. The sequence of the MT-CYB gene was monomorphic. Based on the haplotypes, five previously undescribed mitochondrial haplogroups were determined. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the values of three of the five investigated performance traits of raccoon dogs and the identified haplotypes and mitochondrial haplogroups, taking into account predictors of direct additive effects, additive maternal effects, and fixed specific maternal environmental effects. The new mitochondrial haplogroups identified in the farmed raccoon dog population may imply constant emergence of adaptive mutations that are conserved in subsequent generations. The results of the association study indicate a statistically significant association between haplotypes and mitochondrial haplogroups of farmed raccoon dogs and their body weight, body size, and colour type, which allows considering MT-CO1 and MT-CO2 genes as candidate genes encoding these traits in raccoon dogs. The results of the molecular analyses can be applied to improve the performance traits in farmed raccoon dogs.

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