Regulation of regional blood flow in the laterodorsal thalamus by ascending cholinergic nerve fibers from the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus

✓ The distribution patterns of aminergic and cholinergic nerve fibers in the feline spinal cord blood vessels were studied by means of amine histofluorescence and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) staining. These patterns were compared with those of the cerebral blood vessels. The anterior spinal artery had a dense network of aminergic and AChE-positive (probably cholinergic) nerve fibers. The posterior spinal vein, in contrast, exhibited only aminergic nerve fibers. Small intraparenchymal blood vessels in the spinal cord also had strongly fluorescent (probably peripheral) aminergic nerve fibers, as well as pial spinal blood vessels. This was a characteristic feature in the spinal cord. The distribution pattern and the density of these two sorts of nerve fibers in the anterior spinal artery varied widely with the individual segment of the spinal cord. The thoracic spinal cord had the lowest number of these nerve fibers of any part of the spinal cord. This fact may explain why the thoracic spinal cord is most susceptible to ischemic change.

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Guanethidine chemical sympathectomy: spinal cord and sciatic nerve blood flow

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.1993.265.4.h1155 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 265 (4) ◽

pp. H1155-H1159

Author(s):

Y. Kinoshita ◽

W. W. Monafo

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Sciatic Nerve ◽

Regional Blood Flow ◽

Nerve Fibers ◽

Chemical Sympathectomy ◽

Nerve Blood Flow ◽

Biceps Femoris Muscle ◽

Group I ◽

Group Ii

The spinal cord vasculature is innervated by noradrenergic nerve fibers, the role of which in the regulation of regional spinal cord blood flow (RSCBF) is presently unclear. We used the distribution of [14C]butanol to simultaneously measure RSCBF at seven cord levels and the regional blood flow in sciatic nerve (NBF), truncal skin, and biceps femoris muscle. The subjects were control rats and rats that had been given parenteral guanethidine sulfate for 5 wk to induce selective postganglionic "chemical sympathectomy." Flows were measured under basal conditions (group I) and immediately after an arterial hemorrhage (group II). The results indicate that RSCBF was unchanged from control after guanethidine administration in both groups; however, NBF was elevated after guanethidine by 47% in group I and by 41% in group II. We conclude that in the spinal cord as in the brain, sympathetic inflow does not appear to have an important role in the regulation of regional blood flow. Sympathetic inflow appears to partly regulate NBF, however, probably by varying vascular tone.

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Intramural distribution of adrenergic and cholinergic nerve fibers innervating arterioles of the hamster cheek pouch

American Journal of Anatomy ◽

10.1002/aja.1001370104 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 137 (1) ◽

pp. 31-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Dianna H. Ausprunk ◽

Herbert J. Berman ◽

William F. McNary

Keyword(s):

Nerve Fibers ◽

Cheek Pouch ◽

Hamster Cheek Pouch ◽

Cholinergic Nerve ◽

Cholinergic Nerve Fibers

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Immunohistochemical and Enzyme Histochemical Localization of Peptidergic, Aminergic and Cholinergic Nerve Fibers in the Rat Seminal Vesicle

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1016/s0022-5347(17)39909-3 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 143 (1) ◽

pp. 194-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Kazunari Yuri

Keyword(s):

Seminal Vesicle ◽

Nerve Fibers ◽

Histochemical Localization ◽

Cholinergic Nerve ◽

Rat Seminal Vesicle ◽

Cholinergic Nerve Fibers

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Lack of mucosal cholinergic innervation is associated with increased risk of enterocolitis in Hirschsprung’s disease

10.1101/2020.06.15.151621 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Simone Keck ◽

Virginie Galati-Fournier ◽

Urs Kym ◽

Michèle Moesch ◽

Jakob Usemann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Cells ◽

Hirschsprung's Disease ◽

Hirschsprung’S Disease ◽

Nerve Fibers ◽

Cholinergic Innervation ◽

Cholinergic Nerve ◽

Link Type ◽

Microbial Dysbiosis ◽

The Impact ◽

Cholinergic Nerve Fibers

Background & AimsHirschsprung’s disease (HSCR) is a congenital intestinal motility disorder defined by the absence of enteric nervous cells (ganglia). The development of HSCR-associated enterocolitis remains a life-threatening complication. Absence of enteric ganglia implicates extramural innervation of acetylcholine-secreting (cholinergic) nerve fibers. Cholinergic signals have been reported to control excessive inflammation, but the impact on HSCR-associated enterocolitis is unknown.MethodsWe enrolled 44 HSCR patients in a prospective multicenter study and grouped them according to their degree of colonic mucosal cholinergic innervation using immunohistochemistry. The fiber phenotype was correlated with the tissue cytokine profile as well as immune cell frequencies using quantitative reverse-transcribed real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) of whole colonic tissue and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis of isolated colonic immune cells. Fiber-associated immune cells were identified using confocal immunofluorescence microscopy and characterized by RNA-seq analysis. Microbial dysbiosis was analyzed in colonic patient tissue using 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Finally, the fiber phenotype was correlated with postoperative enterocolitis manifestation.ResultsWe provided evidence that extrinsic mucosal innervation correlated with reduced interleukin (IL)-17 cytokine levels and T-helper-17 (Th17) cell frequencies. Bipolar CD14high macrophages colocalized with neurons and expressed significantly less interleukin-23, a Th17-promoting cytokine. HSCR patients lacking mucosal cholinergic nerve fibers showed microbial dysbiosis and had a higher incidence of postoperative enterocolitis.ConclusionThe mucosal fiber phenotype might serve as a new prognostic marker for enterocolitis development in HSCR patients and may offer an approach to personalized patient care and new future therapeutic options. (www.clinicaltrials.gov accessing number NCT03617640)

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