Morphological recognition of fungal spore germination by a computer-aided image analysis and its application to antifungal activity evaluation

1996 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Oh
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Fungal Spore ◽  
Activity Evaluation ◽  
Computer Aided

Antifungal Activity of Biflavones from Taxus baccata and Ginkgo biloba

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosława Krauze-Baranowska ◽  
Marian Wiwart
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Taxus Baccata ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
First Time

Bilobetin and 4‴-O-methylamentoflavone were isolated and identified in the needles of Taxus baccata, for the first time in this species. The antifungal activity of biflavones from T. baccata and Ginkgo biloba, namely amentoflavone, 7-O-methylamentoflavone, bilobetin, ginkgetin, sciadopitysin and 2,3-dihydrosciadopitysin towards the fungi Alternaria alternata, Fusarium culmorum, Cladosporium oxysporum was determined employing computer-aided image analysis couplet to a microscope. Bilobetin exhibited a significant antifungal activity with values of ED50 14, 11 and 17 μm respectively. This compound completely inhibited the growth of germinating tubes of Cladosporium oxysporum and Fusarium culmorum at a concentration 100 μm. Activity of ginkgetin and 7-O-methylamentoflavone towards Alternaria alternata was stronger than that of bilobetin. Moreover, slight structural changes in the cell wall of Alternaria alternata exposed to ginkgetin at concentration of 200 μm were observed

Antifungal activity of anacardic acid, a naturally occurring derivative of salicylic acid

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Prithiviraj ◽  
U. P. Singh ◽  
M. Manickam ◽  
A. B. Ray
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Spore ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Anacardic Acid ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
Salicylic Acid Derivatives

The antifungal activity of anacardic acid and two of its derivatives was tested against some plant pathogenic fungi and the inhibitory effect was compared with that of salicylic acid. Anacardic acid was found to be most effective and it inhibited Colletotrichum capsici spore germination at 125–150 μg mL−1. The results suggest that salicylic acid with appropriate structural modifications may prove to be a superior antifungal agent and can be utilized in controlling certain plant diseases under field conditions. Key words: salicylic acid derivatives, antifungal activity, fungal spore germination.

Characteristics and Function of the Chitin Binding Protein from Xenorhabdus nematophila

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 414-422
Author(s):  
Jia Liu ◽  
Ping Song ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Ziyan Nangong ◽  
Xiaobei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Colloidal Chitin ◽  
Inhibition Rate ◽  
Xenorhabdus Nematophila ◽  
Chitin Binding Protein ◽  
And Function

Background: Genome sequence analysis (GenBank access No.: FN667742.1) shows that Xenorhabdus nematophila ATCC19061 contains one gene (Xn-cbp) encoding chitin binding protein (Xn-CBP). Objective: The present work aims to clarify the characteristics and function of Xn-CBP from X. nematophila HB310. Methods: In this study, the Xn-cbp gene was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). Substrate binding assays were performed to explain the ability of Xn-CBP combined with the polysaccharide. The insecticidal toxicity of Xn-CBP against the second-instar larvae of Helicoverpa armigera was determined by feeding method. Besides, the antifungal activity of Xn-CBP against Coniothyrium diplodiella, Verticillium dahlia, and Fusarium oxysporum was tested by spore germination assay and hyphal extension assay. Results: Xn-CBP encoded 199 amino acids with a calculated mass of 28 kDa, which contained a signal peptide and a chitin binding domain. The Bmax and Kd values of Xn-CBP to colloidal chitin were 2.46 and 4.08, respectively. Xn-CBP had insecticidal activity against the H. armigera with a growth inhibition rate of 84.08%. Xn-CBP had the highest spore germination inhibitory effect on C. diplodiella with the inhibition rate of 83.11%. The hyphal growth inhibition rate of Xn-CBP to F. oxysporum, 41.52%, was higher than the other two fungi. Conclusion: The Xn-CBP had the highest binding ability to colloidal chitin and it showed insecticidal activity and antifungal activity. The present study laid a foundation for further exploitation and utilization of X. nematophila.

Homogenate Extraction of Dihydroartemisinin from Artemisia Hedinii and Its Antifungal Activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong You ◽  
Jun Yu ◽  
Guangjiong Qin ◽  
JinPeng Yang ◽  
Chunlei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Homogenate Extraction

Abstract Background Artemisia hedinii is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine. It can be used to extract dihydroartemisinin (DHA). Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the optimal conditions for the homogenate extraction of DHA from A. hedinii and the antifungal activity of DHA. Methods In this study, single factor experiments and response surface method were used to determine the optimal extraction conditions of crude extract and DHA, the method of spore germination was used to study the antifungal activity of DHA to Alternaria alternata. Result The optimal conditions were found as fellow: ratio of liquid to material 22 mL/g; Extraction time 60 s; soaking time 34 min. Under these conditions, extraction yield of DHA was (1.76 ± 0.04%). When the concentration of crude extract were 0.5 and 8 mg/mL, the spore germination inhibition rates of Alternaria alternata were (17.00 ± 2.05%) and (92.56 ± 2.01%), which were 3.34 and 1.15 times that of DHA standard, respectively. Conclusion Homogenate extraction technology is a fast and efficient method to extract DHA from A. hedinii. The crude extract has significant antifungal activity against A. alternata with low cost, which provides a possibility for the use of DHA in the prevention and treatment of plant pathogenic fungi. Highlights The optimum conditions of the extraction of DHA from A. hedinii by homogenate extraction were obtained. DHA has antifungal activity against A. alternata. Compared with pure DHA, the crude extract has stronger antifungal activity against A. alternata.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Antifungal Activity Evaluation of Some Novel Arylazothiazoles

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 258-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salama A. Ouf ◽  
Sobhi M. Gomha ◽  
Mohamed M. Ewies ◽  
Ihab A. A. Sharawy
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Activity Evaluation
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