German urban public transport policy

The assumptions and goals of sustainable urban mob ility are defined in global and national documents, for example, the United Nations 2030 Agenda and in the Transport Policy of the State of Poland for 2006–2025. Achieving these goals is a long process. Tools and actions have been identified that play a fundamental role in achieving sustainable mobility, and various methods of measuring the effectiveness of these activities have been presented and compared. The article presents the following research hypotheses: achieving the goals of sustainable mobility through the development of the public transport offer requires the use of modern management methods, it is necessary to identify the main attributes of public transport that determine the use of this type of transport and to finance those elements of the transport offer that correspond to these attributes. The aim of the article is to assess the role of public transport as an element of sustainable mobility and to explain the reasons for unsatisfactory policy effects in Poland. Analysing the effectiveness of actions and tools used in Polish cities in achieving the goals of sustainable mobility, the processes of management in public transport and shaping the attributes of transport services and technical solutions were selected for the analysis. The analysis was carried out on the example of selected Polish cities. On the basis of the conducted research, the authors formulated conclusions: the idea of sustainable mobility development is an element of the transport policy of modern European cities, achieving sustainable development requires changes in the structure of urban transport, effective implementation of a sustainable mobility policy leads to changes in transport behaviour, the condition for increasing the share of public transport is to increase the attractiveness of its services. Detailed conclusions were defined in relation to selected Polish cities, in particular Gdańsk and Gdynia. The use of public transport by people who can travel by car can be increase by affecting the freedom to use passenger cars in cities through traffic and parking restrictions. The most effective tool that limits the use of private cars turns out to be parking fees in the city. Conclusions from the conducted research allowed us to confirm the research hypotheses of the article.

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URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT POLICY IN THE CONDITIONS OF COVID-19

Environmental Problems ◽

10.23939/ep2020.04.243 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 243-250

Author(s):

Pavlo Popovych ◽

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Lubomyr Poberezhny ◽

Oksana Shevchuk ◽

Ihor Vikovych ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Transport ◽

Average Distance ◽

Field Research ◽

Transport Policy ◽

Tight Contact ◽

Urban Public Transport ◽

Back Door ◽

Passenger Flows ◽

Mode Of Transport ◽

Two Stages

The purpose of the research is formation of passenger transport policy by public transport from the standpoint of determining the level of safety in COVID-19 and passenger comfort with the development of basics for measuring the perception of the most important factors of public transport convenience, minimum discomfort and maximum safety. Methodology. The study was conducted in two stages - inhouse and experimental - the collection and processing of data obtained from the survey of passenger flows. Continuous field research by the tabular method which in comparison with the existing ones is the most time-consuming, but the only one that can provide maximum accuracy of passenger information for further processing of the obtained statistical data of the studied system of public transport. The information obtained by organoleptic means was entered for further processing in the special accounting map, then calculations were performed for traffic areas between the stopping points of each studied route. Findings. The results of field research using the model of discomfort allow us to correctly predict the choice of mode of transport and the behaviour of passengers when using public transport in medium-sized cities. It is proved that the artificial underloading of the vehicle to avoid tight contact of passengers does not affect the level of infection with the virus of COVID-19 and, therefore, this restriction is not appropriate. Conclusions. Formation of the strategy of passengers' transportation in the conditions of COVID-19 is possible only with the use of the characteristic indicators of the transportation of people established by the multi-criteria analysis of a transport network - the level of discomfort, vehicle filling factor, the average time of transportation, the average distance of transportation. It is obligatory to use such means of protection as masks and gloves, provide the enhanced ventilation of the salon, and organize passengers' boarding through the back door with 100 % contactless fare payment.

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Low-emission vehicles in public transport - selected aspects

WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0013.7291 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 127 ◽

pp. 59-68

Author(s):

Dariusz Pyza ◽

Monika Buczkowska ◽

Marek Ziembicki

Keyword(s):

Public Transport ◽

Negative Impact ◽

The State ◽

Transport Policy ◽

Urban Transport ◽

Transport Systems ◽

Low Emission ◽

Urban Public Transport ◽

Zero Emission

The European Union's transport policy assumes limiting the negative impact of transport on the environment. In this aspect, several actions are undertaken to achieve this goal. One of the priorities in this area is developing zero-emission transport systems in urban public transport. The article presents selected aspects of low-emission vehicles and their use in urban transport systems. Besides, the state of development of low-emission transport systems in public transport in Poland was presented, with particular emphasis on the system in the Warsaw agglomeration.

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Tariff systems in public transport in selected cities

AUTOBUSY – Technika Eksploatacja Systemy Transportowe ◽

10.24136/atest.2018.546 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (12) ◽

pp. 1036-1044

Author(s):

Marzenna Dębowska-Mróz ◽

Ewa Ferensztajn-Galardos ◽

Renata Krajewska ◽

Andrzej Rogowski

Keyword(s):

Public Transport ◽

Transport Policy ◽

Price List ◽

Transport Services ◽

Urban Public Transport

Prices for transport services in urban public transport are an element of transport policy and are subject to regulations. The price list for public transport trips results from the Act on public transport and is determined by the territorial self-government. The article analyzes the tariff systems introduced by the authorities of selected cities. These cities are: Radom, Czestochowa, Kielce and Bydgoszcz.

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