Urokinase-type plasminogen activator in plasma from breast cancer patients

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1553
Author(s):  
F. Bach ◽  
J. Grøndahl-Hansen ◽  
N. Agerlin ◽  
P. Munkholm-Larsen ◽  
L.S. Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Urokinase Type Plasminogen Activator

Urokinase-type plasminogen activator: a potent marker of metastatic potential in human cancers

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Duffy
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Prospective Trial ◽  
Axillary Node ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Urokinase Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Pai 1

Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) is a serine protease that is causally involved in cancer progression, especially invasion and metastasis. Multiple studies have shown that breast cancer patients whose primary cancer contains high levels of uPA have a significantly worse outcome than patients with low levels. As a prognostic marker for breast cancer the information supplied by uPA is both independent of traditionally used factors and significant in the important subgroup of axillary-node patients. Paradoxically, high levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), an endogenous inhibitor of uPA, also predict for aggressive disease. Recently, the prognostic impact of both uPA and PAI-1 in axillary node-negative breast cancer was confirmed using two different Level 1 Evidence studies, i.e. in both a randomized prospective trial and a pooled analysis. Therefore, uPA and PAI-1 appear to have fulfilled all the criteria for the routine assessment of prognosis in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients

Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its inhibitor PAI-1: novel tumor-derived factors with a high prognostic and predictive impact in breast cancer

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (03) ◽  
pp. 450-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Kates ◽  
Katja Gauger ◽  
Amina Willems ◽  
Marion Kiechle ◽  
Viktor Magdolen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Node Negative ◽  
Node Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Urokinase Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Pai 1

SummaryUrokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its inhibitor, PAI-1, play a key role in tumor invasion and metastasis. They were the first novel tumor biological factors to be validated at the highest level of evidence (LOE I) regarding their clinical utility in breast cancer. Their antigen levels are determined in tumor tissue extracts by standardized, quality-assured immunometric assays (ELISA). Since the late 1980s, numerous independent studies have demonstrated that patients with low levels of uPA and PAI-1 in their primary tumor tissue have a significantly better survival than patients with high levels of either factor. These prognostic data have recently been validated by an EORTC (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer) pooled analysis comprising more than 8,000 breast cancer patients. In addition, results from a multicenter prospective randomized therapy trial in node-negative breast cancer (“Chemo N0”) showed that node-negative breast cancer patients with low levels of uPA and PAI-1 in their primary tumor have a very good prognosis, and may thus be candidates for being spared the burden of adjuvant chemotherapy. In contrast, node-negative patients with high uPA/PAI-1 are at substantially increased risk of disease recurrence, comparable to that of patients with three or more tumor cell positive axillary lymph nodes. The “Chemo N0” trial as well as retrospective data also indicate that these high-risk patients benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. In conclusion, over a period of about 15 years sufficient evidence has been put forward to demonstrate that determination of uPA and PAI-1 in primary breast cancer patients supports risk-adapted individualized therapy decisions, particularily in patients with node-negative disease.

Urokinase type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression in metastasis of breast cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nilam Smaradhania ◽  
Septiman Rahman ◽  
Salman Ardi Syamsu ◽  
Prihantono Prihantono
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Her2 Expression ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Upar Expression ◽  
Urokinase Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND: The plasminogen urokinase activation system consists of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), its receptor uPAR, and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1), which are considered to have a relationship with cancer aggressiveness. Several studies have found correlations between HER2 mRNA and uPAR in disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in breast cancer patients. They are associated with a more aggressive primary tumor phenotype and recurrence/metastasis. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the relationship between the expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) with the incidence of distant metastases in breast cancer. METHODS: This study was an observational study using a cross-sectional method and was conducted at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital and the network. Immunohistochemical methods carry out examination of uPAR and HER2 expression from tissues of breast cancer patients. The relationship of uPAR, HER2 expression, and metastasis was tested with the Mann Whitney test. RESULTS: The study results found that the proportion of patients with metastasis was significantly higher in high uPAR expression compared to low uPAR (77.8% compared to 36.8%). The negative HER2 expression was significantly higher in the low uPAR expression than the high uPAR (78.9% compared to 33.3%). In comparison, the positive HER2 expression was significantly higher in the high uPAR expression than the low uPAR (66.7% compared to 21.1%). In positive HER2 expression, the mean percentage of uPAR expression was significantly higher in metastases than those without metastasis (72.7% compared to 42.1%). CONCLUSIONS: uPAR expression is associated with metastasis in HER2 positive breast cancer.

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