The presence of haemocyanin and of serum proteins in the eggs of Carcinus maenas, Eriocheir sinensis and Portunus holsatus

1971 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Busselen
Keyword(s):  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Carcinus Maenas ◽  
Eriocheir Sinensis

scholarly journals Similarities between decapod and insect neuropeptidomes

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan A Veenstra
Keyword(s):  
Procambarus Clarkii ◽  
Carcinus Maenas ◽  
Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Eriocheir Sinensis ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Cdna Libraries ◽  
Scylla Paramamosain ◽  
Dna Assembly ◽  
Physiological Processes

Background. Neuropeptides are important regulators of physiological processes and behavior. Although they tend to be generally well conserved, recent results using trancriptome sequencing on decapod crustaceans give the impression of significant differences between species, raising the question whether such differences are real or artefacts. Methods. The BLAST+ program was used to find short reads coding neuropeptides and neurohormons in publicly available short read archives. Such reads were then used to find similar reads in the same archives and the DNA assembly program Trinity was employed to construct contigs encoding the neuropeptide precursors as completely as possible. Results. The seven decapod species analyzed in this fashion, the crabs Eriocheir sinensis, Carcinus maenas and Scylla paramamosain, the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, the lobster Homarus americanus, the fresh water prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii and the crayfish Procambarus clarkii had remarkably similar neuropeptidomes. Although some neuropeptide precursors could not be assembled, in many cases individual reads pertaining to the missing precursors show unambiguously that these neuropeptides are present in these species. In other cases the tissues that express those neuropeptides were not used in the construction of the cDNA libraries. One novel neuropeptide was identified, elongated PDH (pigment dispersing hormone), a variation on PDH that has a two amino acid insertion in its core sequence. Hyrg is another peptide that is ubiquitously present in decapods and is likely a novel neuropeptide precursor. Discussion. Many insect species have lost one or more neuropeptide genes, but apart from elongated PDH and hyrg all other decapod neuropeptides are present in at least some insect species and allatotropin is the only insect neuropeptide missing from decapods. This strong similarity between insect and decapod neuropeptidomes makes it possible to predict the receptors for decapod neuropeptides that have been deorphanized in insects. This includes the androgenic insulin like peptide that seems to be homologous to drosophila insulin-like peptide 8.

scholarly journals Similarities between decapod and insect neuropeptidomes

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan A. Veenstra
Keyword(s):  
Procambarus Clarkii ◽  
Carcinus Maenas ◽  
Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Eriocheir Sinensis ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Cdna Libraries ◽  
Scylla Paramamosain ◽  
Dna Assembly ◽  
Physiological Processes

Background.Neuropeptides are important regulators of physiological processes and behavior. Although they tend to be generally well conserved, recent results using trancriptome sequencing on decapod crustaceans give the impression of significant differences between species, raising the question whether such differences are real or artefacts.Methods.The BLAST+ program was used to find short reads coding neuropeptides and neurohormons in publicly available short read archives. Such reads were then used to find similar reads in the same archives, and the DNA assembly program Trinity was employed to construct contigs encoding the neuropeptide precursors as completely as possible.Results.The seven decapod species analyzed in this fashion, the crabsEriocheir sinensis, Carcinus maenasandScylla paramamosain, the shrimpLitopenaeus vannamei, the lobsterHomarus americanus, the fresh water prawnMacrobrachium rosenbergiiand the crayfishProcambarus clarkiihad remarkably similar neuropeptidomes. Although some neuropeptide precursors could not be assembled, in many cases individual reads pertaining to the missing precursors show unambiguously that these neuropeptides are present in these species. In other cases, the tissues that express those neuropeptides were not used in the construction of the cDNA libraries. One novel neuropeptide was identified: elongated PDH (pigment dispersing hormone), a variation on PDH that has a two-amino-acid insertion in its core sequence. Hyrg is another peptide that is ubiquitously present in decapods and is likely a novel neuropeptide precursor.Discussion.Many insect species have lost one or more neuropeptide genes, but apart from elongated PDH and hyrg all other decapod neuropeptides are present in at least some insect species, and allatotropin is the only insect neuropeptide missing from decapods. This strong similarity between insect and decapod neuropeptidomes makes it possible to predict the receptors for decapod neuropeptides that have been deorphanized in insects. This includes the androgenic insulin-like peptide that seems to be homologous to drosophila insulin-like peptide 8.

scholarly journals Emerging Diseases and Epizootics in Crabs Under Cultivation

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Coates ◽  
Andrew F. Rowley
Keyword(s):  
Carcinus Maenas ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Eriocheir Sinensis ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Emerging Pathogens ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Mitten Crabs ◽  
Shore Crabs ◽  
Commercially Important

While most crab production for human consumption worldwide comes from capture fisheries, there is increasing production of selected species using aquaculture-based methods. This is both for the purpose of stock replacement and direct yield for human consumption. Disease has limited the ability to produce larval crabs in commercial hatcheries and this together with suitable feeds, are major hurdles in the sustainable development of cultivation methods. Juvenile and adult crabs are also subject to a range of diseases that can cause severe economic loss. Emerging pathogens/parasites are of major importance to crab aquaculture as they can cause high levels of mortality and are difficult to control. Diseases caused by viruses and bacteria receive considerable attention but the dinoflagellate parasites, Hematodinium spp., also warrant concern because of their wide host range and lack of control methods to limit their spread. This concise review examines the emerging diseases in several crabs that have been selected as candidates for aquaculture efforts including Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis), mud crabs (Scylla spp.), swimming crabs (Portunus spp.), blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) and shore crabs (Carcinus maenas). The latter is also a prolific invasive species known to harbour diverse macro- and micro-parasites that can affect commercially important bivalves and crustaceans.

Molecular characterization of V-type H(+)-ATPase (B-subunit) in gills of euryhaline crabs and its physiological role in osmoregulatory ion uptake

2001 ◽  
Vol 204 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Weihrauch ◽  
A. Ziegler ◽  
D. Siebers ◽  
D.W. Towle
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Carcinus Maenas ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Eriocheir Sinensis ◽  
Ion Uptake ◽  
Shore Crab ◽  
Atpase Inhibitor ◽  
Subunit Mrna ◽  
B Subunit ◽  
Intracellular Organelles

The vacuolar-type H(+)-ATPase (V-ATPase) has been implicated in osmoregulatory ion uptake across external epithelia of a growing variety of species adapted to life in fresh water. In the present study, we investigated whether the V-ATPase may also function in a euryhaline species that tolerates brackish water (8 salinity) but not fresh water, the shore crab Carcinus maenas. cDNA coding for the regulatory B-subunit of the V-ATPase was amplified and sequenced from C. maenas gills and partially sequenced from four other crab species. Two isoforms differing in the 3′-untranslated region were found in C. maenas. In this species, the abundance of B-subunit mRNA was greater in the respiratory anterior gills than the ion-transporting posterior gills and was not increased by acclimation to dilute salinity. Immunocytochemical analysis showed that the B-subunit protein is not targeted to the apical membrane but is distributed throughout the cytoplasmic compartment. Physiological studies of isolated perfused gills indicated that the V-ATPase inhibitor bafilomycin had no effect on transepithelial potential difference. Thus, in contrast to the freshwater-tolerant Chinese crab Eriocheir sinensis, in which the V-ATPase appears to play an important osmoregulatory role, the V-ATPase in C. maenas probably functions in acidification of intracellular organelles but not in transbranchial NaCl uptake.

scholarly journals Similarities between decapod and insect neuropeptidomes

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan A Veenstra
Keyword(s):  
Procambarus Clarkii ◽  
Carcinus Maenas ◽  
Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Eriocheir Sinensis ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Cdna Libraries ◽  
Scylla Paramamosain ◽  
Dna Assembly ◽  
Physiological Processes

Background. Neuropeptides are important regulators of physiological processes and behavior. Although they tend to be generally well conserved, recent results using trancriptome sequencing on decapod crustaceans give the impression of significant differences between species, raising the question whether such differences are real or artefacts. Methods. The BLAST+ program was used to find short reads coding neuropeptides and neurohormons in publicly available short read archives. Such reads were then used to find similar reads in the same archives and the DNA assembly program Trinity was employed to construct contigs encoding the neuropeptide precursors as completely as possible. Results. The seven decapod species analyzed in this fashion, the crabs Eriocheir sinensis, Carcinus maenas and Scylla paramamosain, the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, the lobster Homarus americanus, the fresh water prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii and the crayfish Procambarus clarkii had remarkably similar neuropeptidomes. Although some neuropeptide precursors could not be assembled, in many cases individual reads pertaining to the missing precursors show unambiguously that these neuropeptides are present in these species. In other cases the tissues that express those neuropeptides were not used in the construction of the cDNA libraries. One novel neuropeptide was identified, elongated PDH (pigment dispersing hormone), a variation on PDH that has a two amino acid insertion in its core sequence. Hyrg is another peptide that is ubiquitously present in decapods and is likely a novel neuropeptide precursor. Discussion. Many insect species have lost one or more neuropeptide genes, but apart from elongated PDH and hyrg all other decapod neuropeptides are present in at least some insect species and allatotropin is the only insect neuropeptide missing from decapods. This strong similarity between insect and decapod neuropeptidomes makes it possible to predict the receptors for decapod neuropeptides that have been deorphanized in insects. This includes the androgenic insulin like peptide that seems to be homologous to drosophila insulin-like peptide 8.

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