Heat flow studies in thermal areas of the North Island of New Zealand

Geothermics ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 466-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.B. Dawson ◽  
D.J. Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Heat Flow ◽  
The North

scholarly journals Terrestrial Heat Flow in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Om Prakash Pandey
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Heat Flow ◽  
Heat Generation ◽  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
High Heat ◽  
The North ◽  
Rock Types ◽  
Flow Heat ◽  
Geophysical Anomalies ◽  
First Time

<p>In this regional heat flow study of New Zealand temperatures have been measured in available boreholes using a specially constructed thermistor probe, and existing temperature information has been incorporated from various sources including oil prospecting boreholes. Thermal conductivity has been measured in the laboratory on 581 samples. Newly determined values of heat flow are given for 105 locations; values for the South Island are here presented for the first time. Most of the heat flow values have been grouped in eight regions based on the level of heat flow. This classification can be related to the occurrence of certain surface manifestations and geophysical anomalies, and to regional plate tectonics. High heat flow in three regions is consistent with melting conditions being reached at depths between 35km and 45km. These are the Taranaki Region, the West Coast Region and the Great South Basin. The average regional heat flow for these regions varies from 86.4 mW/m2 to 110.7 mW/m2. Much lower heat flow is obtained in the Hikurangi and Marlborough-Canterbury Regions; these may possibly be interconnected. Elsewhere the heat flow is low to normal with isolated highs. The broad distribution of heat flow in the North Island is typical for an active subduction region. Radioactive heat generation has been measured on rock types from various localities, and large variations have been found. The heat flow - heat generation relationship has been studied for 42 sites. A linear relationship is found only in the Taranaki and Hikurangi Regions. Temperature calculations show large differences in the deep-seated temperature distribution beneath New Zealand, and this has also been reflected in the distribution of "reduced heat flow". Temperature and heat flow can be correlated with upper mantle inhomogeneity. The inferred variation of radioactive heat generation with depth has been studied for areas beneath the Western Canterbury Region. A mean heat generation of 1.56 plus-minus .07 muW/m3 has been found in a sequence which has been inferred to occur between 17km and 30km in depth under the region; this is very much higher than the usually adopted values for the lower crust. Normal heat flow observed in the Western Cook Strait Region, and the existence of good seismic wave transmission beneath the same region, can be attributed to crustal and lithospheric thickening. The relevance of present study to petroleum occurrences has been examined and it is found that in areas of proven hydrocarbon potential the heat flow is high.</p>

scholarly journals Terrestrial Heat Flow in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Om Prakash Pandey
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Heat Flow ◽  
Heat Generation ◽  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
High Heat ◽  
The North ◽  
Rock Types ◽  
Flow Heat ◽  
Geophysical Anomalies ◽  
First Time

<p>In this regional heat flow study of New Zealand temperatures have been measured in available boreholes using a specially constructed thermistor probe, and existing temperature information has been incorporated from various sources including oil prospecting boreholes. Thermal conductivity has been measured in the laboratory on 581 samples. Newly determined values of heat flow are given for 105 locations; values for the South Island are here presented for the first time. Most of the heat flow values have been grouped in eight regions based on the level of heat flow. This classification can be related to the occurrence of certain surface manifestations and geophysical anomalies, and to regional plate tectonics. High heat flow in three regions is consistent with melting conditions being reached at depths between 35km and 45km. These are the Taranaki Region, the West Coast Region and the Great South Basin. The average regional heat flow for these regions varies from 86.4 mW/m2 to 110.7 mW/m2. Much lower heat flow is obtained in the Hikurangi and Marlborough-Canterbury Regions; these may possibly be interconnected. Elsewhere the heat flow is low to normal with isolated highs. The broad distribution of heat flow in the North Island is typical for an active subduction region. Radioactive heat generation has been measured on rock types from various localities, and large variations have been found. The heat flow - heat generation relationship has been studied for 42 sites. A linear relationship is found only in the Taranaki and Hikurangi Regions. Temperature calculations show large differences in the deep-seated temperature distribution beneath New Zealand, and this has also been reflected in the distribution of "reduced heat flow". Temperature and heat flow can be correlated with upper mantle inhomogeneity. The inferred variation of radioactive heat generation with depth has been studied for areas beneath the Western Canterbury Region. A mean heat generation of 1.56 plus-minus .07 muW/m3 has been found in a sequence which has been inferred to occur between 17km and 30km in depth under the region; this is very much higher than the usually adopted values for the lower crust. Normal heat flow observed in the Western Cook Strait Region, and the existence of good seismic wave transmission beneath the same region, can be attributed to crustal and lithospheric thickening. The relevance of present study to petroleum occurrences has been examined and it is found that in areas of proven hydrocarbon potential the heat flow is high.</p>

Geothermal heat flow in the North Island of New Zealand

1969 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. E. Studt ◽  
G. E. K. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Heat Flow ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
The North

Studies of Ptiliidae (Coleoptera) in the Spirit Collection of the Natural History Museum, London 2: New species and records from P. Hammond's visit to New Zealand in 1983–84

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-196
Author(s):  
Michael Darby
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Natural History Museum ◽  
History Museum ◽  
The North ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
North And South

Some 2,000 Ptiliidae collected in the North and South Islands of New Zealand in 1983/1984 by Peter Hammond of the Natural History Museum, London, are determined to 34 species, four of which are new to the country. As there are very few previous records, most from the Auckland district of North Island, the Hammond collection provides much new distributional data. The three new species: Nellosana insperatus sp. n., Notoptenidium flavum sp. n., and Notoptenidium johnsoni sp. n., are described and figured; the genus Ptiliodes is moved from Acrotrichinae to Ptiliinae, and Ptenidium formicetorum Kraatz recorded as a new introduction. Information is provided to aid separation of the new species from those previously recorded.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution of Lichens in Metrosideros excelsa in Northern New Zealand Urban Forests

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Gladys N. Benitez ◽  
Glenn D. Aguilar ◽  
Dan Blanchon
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Lichen Species ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Lichen Community ◽  
The North ◽  
The City ◽  
Lichen Flora

The spatial distribution of corticolous lichens on the iconic New Zealand pōhutukawa (Metrosideros excelsa) tree was investigated from a survey of urban parks and forests across the city of Auckland in the North Island of New Zealand. Lichens were identified from ten randomly selected trees at 20 sampling sites, with 10 sites classified as coastal and another 10 as inland sites. Lichen data were correlated with distance from sea, distance from major roads, distance from native forests, mean tree DBH (diameter at breast height) and the seven-year average of measured NO2 over the area. A total of 33 lichen species were found with coastal sites harboring significantly higher average lichen species per tree as well as higher site species richness. We found mild hotspots in two sites for average lichen species per tree and another two separate sites for species richness, with all hotspots at the coast. A positive correlation between lichen species richness and DBH was found. Sites in coastal locations were more similar to each other in terms of lichen community composition than they were to adjacent inland sites and some species were only found at coastal sites. The average number of lichen species per tree was negatively correlated with distance from the coast, suggesting that the characteristic lichen flora found on pōhutukawa may be reliant on coastal microclimates. There were no correlations with distance from major roads, and a slight positive correlation between NO2 levels and average lichen species per tree.

scholarly journals Critical Tectonic Limits for Geothermal Aquifer Use: Case Study from the East Slovakian Basin Rim

Resources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Stanislav Jacko ◽  
Roman Farkašovský ◽  
Igor Ďuriška ◽  
Barbora Ščerbáková ◽  
Kristína Bátorová
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Pannonian Basin ◽  
Open Fractures ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
The North ◽  
Heat System ◽  
Volcanic Chain ◽  
Saline Solutions

The Pannonian basin is a major geothermal heat system in Central Europe. Its peripheral basin, the East Slovakian basin, is an example of a geothermal structure with a linear, directed heat flow ranging from 90 to 100 mW/m2 from west to east. However, the use of the geothermal source is limited by several critical tectono-geologic factors: (a) Tectonics, and the associated disintegration of the aquifer block by multiple deformations during the pre-Paleogene, mainly Miocene, period. The main discontinuities of NW-SE and N-S direction negatively affect the permeability of the aquifer environment. For utilization, minor NE-SW dilatation open fractures are important, which have been developed by sinistral transtension on N–S faults and accelerated normal movements to the southeast. (b) Hydrogeologically, the geothermal structure is accommodated by three water types, namely, Na-HCO3 with 10.9 g·L−1 mineralization (in the north), the Ca-Mg-HCO3 with 0.5–4.5 g·L−1 mineralization (in the west), and Na-Cl water type containing 26.8–33.4 g·L−1 mineralization (in the southwest). The chemical composition of the water is influenced by the Middle Triassic dolomite aquifer, as well as by infiltration of saline solutions and meteoric waters along with open fractures/faults. (c) Geothermally anomalous heat flow of 123–129 °C with 170 L/s total flow near the Slanské vchy volcanic chain seems to be the perspective for heat production.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document