The Gauge Transformation of Propagators in Quantum Electrodynamics

1961 ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. ZUMINO
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Transformation ◽  
Quantum Electrodynamics

scholarly journals Perturbative quantum gauge invariance: where the ghosts come from

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-163
Author(s):  
Andreas Aste
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Transformation ◽  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Group Structure ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Yang Mills ◽  
Integral Methods ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
S Matrix

A condensed introduction to quantum gauge theories is given in the perturbative S-matrix framework, with path-integral methods used nowhere. This approach emphasizes the fact that it is not necessary to start from classical gauge theories that are then subject to quantization: it is possible, instead, to recover the classical group structure and coupling properties from purely quantum-mechanical principles. As a main tool, we use a free-field version of the Becchi–Rouet–Stora–Tyutin gauge transformation, which contains no interaction terms related to a coupling constant. This free gauge transformation can be formulated in an analogous way for quantum electrodynamics, Yang–Mills theories with massless or massive gauge bosons, and quantum gravity. PACS Nos.: 11.10.–z, 11.15.Bt, 12.20.Ds, 12.38.Bx

scholarly journals Probing the scale of non-commutativity of space

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (24) ◽  
pp. 1950191
Author(s):  
Pulkit S. Ghoderao ◽  
Rajiv V. Gavai ◽  
P. Ramadevi
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Transformation ◽  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Composite Particle ◽  
Physical Reality ◽  
Total Charge

Examining composite operators in non-commutative (NC) spaces, we show that these operators do not have a simple gauge transformation which can be attributed to the effective total charge of the composite particle. Using this result, along with the known constraint on charges permitted in NC quantum electrodynamics, we place a limit on the scale of non-commutativity to be at most smaller than current LHC limits for compositeness. Furthermore, this also suggests that a substructure at still smaller scales is necessary if such spaces are to be a physical reality.

Derivation of the Power-Zienau-Woolley Hamiltonian in quantum electrodynamics by gauge transformation

1983 ◽  
Vol 385 (1789) ◽  
pp. 439-460 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Transformation ◽  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Unitary Transformation ◽  
Scalar Potential ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Initial Vector ◽  
Transformation Theory ◽  
Gauge Transformations ◽  
New Formulation ◽  
Arbitrary Gauge

The different forms of Hamiltonian for the coupled system consisting of the electromagnetic field and a non-relativistic charged particle are considered in the context of gauge-transformation theory. The conventional Lagrangian of the system in an arbitrary gauge is converted to a new form by transformation to another arbitrary gauge, and a new formulation of the theory is obtained by expressing the new Lagrangian in terms of the initial potentials. Thus different gauge transformations produce different momenta ∏ conjugate to the initial vector potential A , and hence different forms of Hamiltonian. The transformations that produce the Coulomb-gauge and Power-Zienau-Woolley (P. Z. W.) Hamiltonians are considered in detail. It is shown that ∏ is transverse in both cases and only the transverse part of A is accordingly involved in the field quantization; neither the longitudinal part of A nor the scalar potential appears explicitly, the instantaneous Coulomb energies being included via an electronic polarization determined by the gauge generator. The transformations between gauges are illustrated by simple diagrammatic representations of A and ∏ . Compararison with the commonly used unitary transformation derivation of the P. Z. W. Hamiltonian emphasizes the need for a careful reinterpretation of the physical significance of ∏ after the unitary transformation has been made.

Lorentz symmetry breaking in supersymmetric quantum electrodynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 2050038
Author(s):  
Prince A. Ganai ◽  
Owais Ahmad ◽  
Javier Perez Tobia ◽  
Alexander Fennell ◽  
Vedaant Vyas
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Transformation ◽  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Brst Symmetry ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lorentz Symmetry ◽  
Constant Vector ◽  
Gravity Effects ◽  
Superspace Formalism ◽  
Lorentz Symmetry Breaking

Lorentz symmetry is one of the fundamental symmetries of nature; however, it can be broken by several proposals such as quantum gravity effects, low energy approximations in string theory and dark matter. In this paper, Lorentz symmetry is broken in supersymmetric quantum electrodynamics using aether superspace formalism without breaking any supersymmetry. To break the Lorentz symmetry in three-dimensional quantum electrodynamics, we must use the [Formula: see text] aether superspace. A new constant vector field is introduced and used to deform the deformed generator of supersymmetry. This formalism is required to fix the unphysical degrees of freedom that arise from the quantum gauge transformation required to quantize this theory. By using Yokoyama’s gaugeon formalism, it is possible to study these gaugeon transformations. As a result of the quantum gauge transformation, the supersymmetric algebra gets modified and the theory is invariant under BRST symmetry. These results could aid in the construction of the Gravity’s Rainbow theory and in the study of superconformal field theory. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that different gauges in this deformed supersymmetric quantum electrodynamics can be related to each other using the gaugeon formalism.

Energy, Information, and Superluminal Speed in Quantum Electrodynamics

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Boris A. Veklenko
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Perturbation Theory ◽  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Excited Atom ◽  
Standard Quantum ◽  
Energy Information

Without using the perturbation theory, the article demonstrates a possibility of superluminal information-carrying signals in standard quantum electrodynamics using the example of scattering of quantum electromagnetic field by an excited atom.

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