Model for Integrated Urban Disaster Risk Management at the Local Level

2018 ◽  
pp. 195-202
Author(s):  
Marija Maruna ◽  
Ratka Čolić
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Urban Disaster

Pathways for Transformation: Disaster Risk Management to Enhance Resilience to Extreme Events

2016 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 1671002 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Gibson ◽  
M. Pelling ◽  
A. Ghosh ◽  
D. Matyas ◽  
A. Siddiqi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Extreme Events ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
System Level ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Development Trajectories

Disaster risk from extreme events and development are intimately linked. Disaster risk management influences and is affected by local development strategies. Trade-offs made in policy and implementation determine winners and losers on the basis of unequal capacity, susceptibility and hazard exposure. Transformation has been introduced as a concept opening new policy space for fundamental shifts in development trajectories. Though policy neutral, when combined with normative frameworks such as the Sustainable development goals it can open up leverage points for determining development trajectories. There is limited empirical evidence on which to base understanding of transformative disaster risk management policy though some work has been done in sister domains such as climate change mitigation and adaptation. This study asks whether transformation pathways for disaster risk management can be observed, offering an initial qualitative analysis to inform policy development. It is based on five case studies drawn from diverse locations exposed to a range of extreme events, examined through a conceptual framework offering five indicators of transformation to aid analysis: intense interaction between actors; the intervention of external actors; system level change extending beyond efficiency to governance and goals; behavior beyond established coping strategies; and behavior extending beyond established institutions. Core characteristics of transformative pathways for disaster risk reduction are identified, including pathway competition, pathway experimentation, pathway scale effects and pathway lock-in. These characteristics are seen to determine the extent to which the disruption consequent on extreme events leads to either transformatory change or relative stasis. The study concludes that transformative disaster risk management, both intentional and incidental can be observed. It is seen that transformations occur primarily at local level. Where policy level change occurs this generally played out at local level too. The particular insight of the study is to suggest that most often the burden of transformation is carried at the local level through the behavior of individuals, populations and civil society. This observation raises an important question for further work: How can the burden of undertaking transformation be shared across scales?

Building Disaster Risk Reduction in Asia: A Way Forward

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-147
Author(s):  
Earl Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Urban Disaster ◽  
Domestic Capital

Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC) was established in 1986. It was restructured in July 2003 to focus on specific technical areas: climate variability and change management, urban disaster risk management, public health in emergencies, building national and provincial disaster management systems, and community based disaster risk management (CBDRM), promoting regional cooperation, identifying disaster risk management (DRM) needs in the region and developing strategic solutions. The consolidation enables ADPC's teams to work more effectively with stakeholders and build cross-team inputs into their work. Multiple hazards under this new thematic approach are a key concept along with new areas of importance to DRM that include chemical, biological and radio-nuclear risks, heritage and disaster mitigation, and the role of domestic capital markets in financing improvements in the built environment to create a safer, more disaster-resilient world. The terms “risk management”, “risk reduction”, “vulnerability reduction”, “capacity building” and “mitigation” began replacing the reactive term “disaster management”, thus making pro-active DRM in Asia part of the development agenda that must deal with the growing variety and intensity of hazards. It was a shift from short-term, reactive, charity-driven responses to long-term, proactive, development initiatives. Making the right development choices requires coordinated efforts by committed leaders who have the political will and determination to include risk reduction measures in their policies and plans; a corporate sector that will prioritise risk issues and include them into their business plans; scientists who will provide the knowledge and understanding of current and new areas of risk reduction; committed non-government agencies that advocate for risk reduction; educators who are responsible for shaping the awareness of future generations; a mass media that has the power to influence and change behaviour; and informed citizens who make choices about the risks in their lives.

scholarly journals KAPASITAS PEMERINTAH PROVINSI JAMBI DALAM MENGHADAPI BENCANA BANJIR DAN ASAP AKIBAT KEBAKARAN HUTAN DAN LAHAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Intan Adhi Perdana Putri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Disaster Victims

Preventing and reducing disaster victims is crucial in the disaster risk reduction context. The government, particularly at the local level, plays a vital role in reducing such risk. Therefore, strengthening the capacity of local governments is needed to reach the goal. This necessity is clearly stated in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDDR) 2015-2030. The capacity of local government in disaster risk management is essential in preventing and minimizing the number of victims. Floods and forest and land fire haze are the most common disasters in Jambi Province. Understanding the local government capacity is imperative in the context of disaster risk reduction as such. This paper aims to explain the current capacity of the Jambi local government in managing flood and forest and land fire haze. Data were collected qualitatively from government officials through focus group discussions (FGDs) and interviews. The findings showed that the capacity of Jambi’s local government needs to be improved, and there are issues to be solved. Jambi Province policy capacity tended to focus on forest fires and lacked attention on flood-related policies. On implementation capacity, there exist some issues to be overcome, such as the local government officials’ knowledge and skills related to disaster risk management, redundant disaster preparedness programs at the village level, and the need for more detailed hazard maps. 

scholarly journals Policies and Institutions for Disaster Risk Management in Nepal: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pashupati Nepal ◽  
Narendra Raj Khanal ◽  
Bishnu Prasad Pangali Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up

This paper is a review of policies for disaster risk management in Nepal and discusses the strengths, gaps and constraints of the same. Institutional and Legislative Systems (ILS) approach has been adopted focusing on three aspects: i) legal and regulatory frameworks, ii) policies and programs, and iii) organizational/institutional set-up. This paper concludes that newly endorsed Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act (2017) can be a milestone in disaster management of Nepal not only because it has replaced about 40 years old Natural Calamity (Relief) Act, 1982 but also for the first time, it saw disaster risk management as an process focusing on different stages of disaster management cycles, preparedness, response and rehabilitation and mitigation. The provision of well-structured functional institutional set-up from the centre to local level can have positive outcome in disaster management. However, it overlooks significant aspect, such as the declaration of disaster-prone zones limiting the right of provincial disaster management committee only for recommendation to the Government of Nepal. Most of policies, strategies and legislations focused on some specific disasters such as flood, landslide, earthquake and GLOF/avalanches at national level paying less emphasis to the local level. Even now, most of the policy interventions towards different cycles of disaster risk management have laid emphasis on preparedness and response rather than to rehabilitation and mitigation. The conflicting provisions in Acts such as Water Resource Act (1992) and Building Act (1998) with Local Government Operation Act (2017) have made overlapping of their roles and responsibilities. So, the policy formulation and institutional set-up needs to be complemented by the ability and competence to operationalize the intent of the relevant acts and policies at all levels of government.The Geographical Journal of NepalVol. 11: 1-24, 2018 

Local Politics of Environmental Disaster Risk Management

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricio Valdivieso ◽  
Krister P. Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Politics ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Environmental Disaster ◽  
Institutional Responses

Why do some local governments successfully address issues related to environmental disaster risk management (EDRM), while others do not? This research contributes to a growing literature about the relationships between institutions, multilevel governance, and EDRM at the local level in developing countries. Supported by the frameworks of institutional analysis and polycentric governance, as well as an in-depth case study of three municipalities in Chile (Cauquenes, Lebu, and Panguipulli) with data from primary sources (e.g., interviews, surveys applied to representative samples of householders, and archival research), this study identifies the types of institutional responses that appear to improve governance outcomes. The analysis reveals that municipal operational rules combined with representation, municipal structures, institutional trajectories, and polycentric relationships between municipal governing councils and society are influential factors for successful EDRM.

The Economics of Disaster Risk Management in Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Uma Shankar Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
The Government

Nepal is highly vulnerable to many disasters and substantially increasing every year. It has been creating an adverse impact on human lives, livelihoods, and infrastructures. The primary objective of this study is to state the human causalities and economic loss from disasters in Nepal and suggest institutional and system reforms for effective disaster risk management in the country. This is an analytical study based on secondary data. Data published from various government and non-government organizations are used to analyse the situation. Although the findings of the study reveal that the Government of Nepal has been continuously carrying out many efforts for fighting against various levels of disasters in the country, it concludes that additional efforts are needed from the federal to the local level at all phases of disaster management including preparedness, response, and recovery. It is also important to integrate disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation policies, plans and programmes into national development.

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