The Economics of Disaster Risk Management in Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Uma Shankar Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
The Government

Nepal is highly vulnerable to many disasters and substantially increasing every year. It has been creating an adverse impact on human lives, livelihoods, and infrastructures. The primary objective of this study is to state the human causalities and economic loss from disasters in Nepal and suggest institutional and system reforms for effective disaster risk management in the country. This is an analytical study based on secondary data. Data published from various government and non-government organizations are used to analyse the situation. Although the findings of the study reveal that the Government of Nepal has been continuously carrying out many efforts for fighting against various levels of disasters in the country, it concludes that additional efforts are needed from the federal to the local level at all phases of disaster management including preparedness, response, and recovery. It is also important to integrate disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation policies, plans and programmes into national development.

scholarly journals Policies and Institutions for Disaster Risk Management in Nepal: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pashupati Nepal ◽  
Narendra Raj Khanal ◽  
Bishnu Prasad Pangali Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up

This paper is a review of policies for disaster risk management in Nepal and discusses the strengths, gaps and constraints of the same. Institutional and Legislative Systems (ILS) approach has been adopted focusing on three aspects: i) legal and regulatory frameworks, ii) policies and programs, and iii) organizational/institutional set-up. This paper concludes that newly endorsed Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act (2017) can be a milestone in disaster management of Nepal not only because it has replaced about 40 years old Natural Calamity (Relief) Act, 1982 but also for the first time, it saw disaster risk management as an process focusing on different stages of disaster management cycles, preparedness, response and rehabilitation and mitigation. The provision of well-structured functional institutional set-up from the centre to local level can have positive outcome in disaster management. However, it overlooks significant aspect, such as the declaration of disaster-prone zones limiting the right of provincial disaster management committee only for recommendation to the Government of Nepal. Most of policies, strategies and legislations focused on some specific disasters such as flood, landslide, earthquake and GLOF/avalanches at national level paying less emphasis to the local level. Even now, most of the policy interventions towards different cycles of disaster risk management have laid emphasis on preparedness and response rather than to rehabilitation and mitigation. The conflicting provisions in Acts such as Water Resource Act (1992) and Building Act (1998) with Local Government Operation Act (2017) have made overlapping of their roles and responsibilities. So, the policy formulation and institutional set-up needs to be complemented by the ability and competence to operationalize the intent of the relevant acts and policies at all levels of government.The Geographical Journal of NepalVol. 11: 1-24, 2018 

scholarly journals Disaster Risk Management in Building Community Resilience, a Case Study: Cisolok, Sukabumi

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osmar Shalih
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Community Resilience ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Conceptual Foundation ◽  
Disaster Impacts ◽  
The Government

The world has agreed that people resilience to immediately recover from disaster should be a priority, considering the increase of disaster hazards as well as scientific and technological advances. Disaster impacts and risks can be reduced along with increasing people or community resilience towards hazards. Many studies have examined and measured the level of disaster resilience but have not reached the holistic aspect of sustainable development on a community scale. This study was carried out in the Cisolok District, Sukabumi, a highly landslide-prone region. This study uses a qualitative approach with a conceptual foundation of interpretative geography and also uses primary and secondary data. Primary data are obtained from field observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Secondary data are obtained from literature studies in the collection of text and maps of published scientific works such as textbooks and study reports or research papers. The results of the study show that factors influence to disaster resilience are community capacities (social capital, disaster preparedness, and risk knowledge) and the roles of local institutions. Community resilience assessment efforts play a key role to identify less resilient regions as well as identify other factors that need to be considered by the government and all stakeholders to develop an inclusive and integrated disaster risk management framework in reducing disaster impacts and risks.

scholarly journals Social Work and Community Based Disaster Risk Management in Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-132
Author(s):  
Sajjad Hussain ◽  
Saira Miraj ◽  
Rani Saddique
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Civil Unrest ◽  
The Government ◽  
Negative Impacts

Pakistan is exposed to various natural calamities due to its geophysical condition and climatic changes. In addition, man-made disasters also pose a threat to human lives and properties which includes industrial and transport disasters including oil spills, civil unrest, wars and conflicts. Although it is not possible to stop or prevent natural disasters, but the negative impacts of natural disasters can be minimized through human efforts. The government of Pakistan has adopted participatory approach as part of its policy for disaster management. This research paper is based on the analysis of secondary data for reviewing the existing policies with emphasis on disaster risk reduction in pre and post disaster period. The paper concludes that participation of target community is indispensable for disaster risk reduction on sustainable basis. The article suggests that community should be meaningfully involved in disaster risk reduction efforts at the local level. In this connection the role of social workers is indispensable for disaster risk reduction on sustainable basis.

Barriers to risk reduction: Dontse Yakhe, South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 651-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Harte ◽  
Merle Sowman ◽  
Peter Hastings ◽  
Iraphne Childs
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Stakeholder Interactions

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify hazard risks and factors impeding the implementation of disaster risk management policies and strategies in Dontse Yakhe in Hout Bay, South Africa. Design/methodology/approach – A case study approach was selected for this research. Interviews were conducted with community leaders and other relevant government and civil society stakeholders. Insights and perceptions of Dontse Yakhe residents were obtained from a focus group interview. Secondary data sources were reviewed and field observations made. Findings – The findings reveal a number of key risks and a complex web of geographical, political, social and environmental factors, and stakeholder interactions, prioritisations and decision making that has created barriers to the implementation of the aims and objectives of disaster risk management policies and strategies in Dontse Yakhe. Originality/value – The contribution of the research is that it provides insight into the complex factors that are stalling development and infrastructure provision, and implementation of risk reduction strategies, in Dontse Yakhe as outlined in disaster risk management policies and strategies, demonstrating a gap between policy rhetoric and practice.

Pathways for Transformation: Disaster Risk Management to Enhance Resilience to Extreme Events

2016 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 1671002 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Gibson ◽  
M. Pelling ◽  
A. Ghosh ◽  
D. Matyas ◽  
A. Siddiqi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Extreme Events ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
System Level ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Development Trajectories

Disaster risk from extreme events and development are intimately linked. Disaster risk management influences and is affected by local development strategies. Trade-offs made in policy and implementation determine winners and losers on the basis of unequal capacity, susceptibility and hazard exposure. Transformation has been introduced as a concept opening new policy space for fundamental shifts in development trajectories. Though policy neutral, when combined with normative frameworks such as the Sustainable development goals it can open up leverage points for determining development trajectories. There is limited empirical evidence on which to base understanding of transformative disaster risk management policy though some work has been done in sister domains such as climate change mitigation and adaptation. This study asks whether transformation pathways for disaster risk management can be observed, offering an initial qualitative analysis to inform policy development. It is based on five case studies drawn from diverse locations exposed to a range of extreme events, examined through a conceptual framework offering five indicators of transformation to aid analysis: intense interaction between actors; the intervention of external actors; system level change extending beyond efficiency to governance and goals; behavior beyond established coping strategies; and behavior extending beyond established institutions. Core characteristics of transformative pathways for disaster risk reduction are identified, including pathway competition, pathway experimentation, pathway scale effects and pathway lock-in. These characteristics are seen to determine the extent to which the disruption consequent on extreme events leads to either transformatory change or relative stasis. The study concludes that transformative disaster risk management, both intentional and incidental can be observed. It is seen that transformations occur primarily at local level. Where policy level change occurs this generally played out at local level too. The particular insight of the study is to suggest that most often the burden of transformation is carried at the local level through the behavior of individuals, populations and civil society. This observation raises an important question for further work: How can the burden of undertaking transformation be shared across scales?

scholarly journals Disaster Risk Management in the Province of Córdoba (Argentina): Participation Mechanisms in the Organizational Structure and Planning

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Silvia E. Fontana ◽  
Sofía Conrero
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
The Government

The most important mission of subnational governments in terms of disaster risk management is to plan and create structures and processes necessary for the construction of governance, stimulating communication among all the actors involved to strengthen the bonds of trust and the assumption of common responsibilities and individuals, and for a more efficient use of resources. On one hand, this raises important demands in terms of organizational redesign, counting on decision, communication and flexible relations processes that allow the articulation of people and resources within the organization and outside of it, in order to establish the different functions and results to be achieved through collaborative work, based on the objectives of disaster risk management. On the other hand, it requires a review of planning processes, with the participation of actors from all areas and levels, indispensable in the design and implementation, monitoring and evaluation of such planning. In this paper we analyze the ways in which the government of the province of Córdoba (Argentina) designs its organizational structure and raises its disaster risk management planning processes in a participatory manner, in order to guarantee joint work between government, civil society, private sector and at-risk populations.

scholarly journals Towards understanding enabling environments for good practices in disaster risk management: an analysis of critical junctures in Manizales, Colombia

2021 ◽  
pp. 095624782110088
Author(s):  
Julia Wesely
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Critical Juncture ◽  
Good Practices

The city of Manizales in Colombia has been widely recognized as a good practice case in disaster risk management (DRM). Previous research has sought to amplify learning from Manizales through examining the characteristics of its innovative practices. These are championed by an inter-institutional alliance that includes academia, the local government, the regional environmental authority and service providers. This paper argues that this learning needs to be accompanied by a nuanced understanding of the historical trajectories that have allowed Manizales to create and consolidate its current enabling environment for DRM. The argument derives from an analysis of fieldwork data, including semi-structured interviews, participant observation and secondary data, through a critical juncture approach. Focusing on the critical juncture of seasonal heavy rains in 2003, the paper illustrates how institutional changes configured cultural–cognitive, regulatory and normative conditions for the emergence of one of Manizales’ most recognized good practices, the Guardians of the Slope programme.

scholarly journals KAPASITAS PEMERINTAH PROVINSI JAMBI DALAM MENGHADAPI BENCANA BANJIR DAN ASAP AKIBAT KEBAKARAN HUTAN DAN LAHAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Intan Adhi Perdana Putri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Disaster Victims

Preventing and reducing disaster victims is crucial in the disaster risk reduction context. The government, particularly at the local level, plays a vital role in reducing such risk. Therefore, strengthening the capacity of local governments is needed to reach the goal. This necessity is clearly stated in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDDR) 2015-2030. The capacity of local government in disaster risk management is essential in preventing and minimizing the number of victims. Floods and forest and land fire haze are the most common disasters in Jambi Province. Understanding the local government capacity is imperative in the context of disaster risk reduction as such. This paper aims to explain the current capacity of the Jambi local government in managing flood and forest and land fire haze. Data were collected qualitatively from government officials through focus group discussions (FGDs) and interviews. The findings showed that the capacity of Jambi’s local government needs to be improved, and there are issues to be solved. Jambi Province policy capacity tended to focus on forest fires and lacked attention on flood-related policies. On implementation capacity, there exist some issues to be overcome, such as the local government officials’ knowledge and skills related to disaster risk management, redundant disaster preparedness programs at the village level, and the need for more detailed hazard maps. 

scholarly journals Kapasitas Pemerintah Kabupaten Kepulauan Mentawai Dalam Penanggulangan Bencana Gempa dan Tsunami

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-72
Author(s):  
Afdal Rizki ◽  
Roni Ekha Putera ◽  
Ilham Adelano Azre
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Budget Constraints ◽  
Mentawai Islands ◽  
The Government

Disaster risk management sector has become a serious concern for the government due to various disasters that have occurred in recent years followed by many issues came up.This study aims to describe and analyze the capacity of Local Government of Mentawai Islands in organizing disaster affairs in the region. This study is motivated by the vulnerability of Mentawai Islands to earthquakes and tsunamis because the islands are just above the subduction zone.The study applied a qualitative approach with descriptive design by data collection through interviews, observations, and documents.The study concluded that the capacity of Local Government of Mentawai Islands Regency in the implementation of disaster management still needs improvements. It can be proven that there are still some programs that haven’t run optimally. In general, the biggest obstacles are budget constraints, limited supporting infrastructure for disaster management in the regions, and geographical conditions of Mentawai Islands.

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