The Role of Virtual Autopsy and Use of a CT Scanner in Medico-Legal Death Investigations

The identification of intracerebellar hemorrhage in a living premature infant by real-time ultrasound scan and confirmation of the findings at autopsy are described. This represents the first demonstration of the value of this noninvasive, convenient, and safe means of brain imaging in diagnosis of this lesion. Previous studies have described the role of the computed tomography (CT) scan in identification of intracerebellar hemorrhage in the newborn. Because infants with intracerebellar hemorrhage are usually critically ill, a means of identification of the lesion that could be utilized at the bedside rather than an approach that requires transport to a CT scanner is needed. This study indicates that portable real-time ultrasound scanning can satisfy that need.

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Will Virtual Autopsy Technology Replace the Role of Forensic Pathologist in the Future?

American Journal of Forensic Medicine & Pathology ◽

10.1097/paf.0b013e31822c8ef2 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. e17-e18 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Antonio Oliva ◽

Matteo Polacco ◽

Pasquale D’Alessio ◽

Laura Filograna ◽

Tommaso Tartaglione ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Forensic Pathologist ◽

Virtual Autopsy ◽

The Future

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The role of multidetector CT angiography in characterizing vascular compression syndromes of the abdomen

Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine ◽

10.1186/s43055-019-0063-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lakshmi Sankaran ◽

Rajoo Ramachandran ◽

Venkatesh Bala Raghu Raji ◽

Prithiviraj Periasamy Varadaraju ◽

Pranesh Panneerselvam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ct Angiography ◽

Multidetector Ct ◽

Vascular Compression ◽

Main Body ◽

Imaging Findings ◽

Ct Scanner ◽

Adjacent Structures ◽

Multidetector Ct Angiography ◽

Compression Syndromes

Abstract Background Various abdominal vessels can compress the adjacent structures or in turn can get compressed by them. Most of these compression syndromes present with non-specific symptoms. Unlike the common causes of acute abdomen, the various vascular compression syndromes have bizarre clinical presentations and subtle imaging findings, which can easily be missed by the physicians as well as the radiologists. Main body of the abstract This is a retrospective study which was done for a period of 3 years from April 2015 to April 2018 using a 64-slice CT scanner. Among 2412 cases that came for evaluation, 114 patients were diagnosed to have one of the various vascular compression syndromes. These 114 cases were further managed either conservatively or surgically depending on the pathology and the severity of the compression. The syndromes discussed in this article include median arcuate ligament syndrome (29 cases), superior mesenteric artery syndrome (23 cases), portal biliopathy (3 cases), nutcracker syndrome (6 cases), pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction due to crossing of vessels (8 cases), and retrocaval ureter and May-Thurner syndrome (45 cases). Conclusions The primary goal of this article is to reinforce the knowledge of the radiologists of the various vascular compression syndromes and to make them possess a high degree of vigilance to detect them. This article elaborates the imaging findings of these syndromes and the role of multidetector CT angiography in diagnosing them.

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The Role of Medical X-ray CT Scanner for Diagnosis the Three Most Common Diseases

The Journal of The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers ◽

10.3169/itej.62.483 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 483-487

Author(s):

Miwa Okumura

Keyword(s):

Ct Scanner ◽

X Ray ◽

Common Diseases

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The Role of CT Scan in Recognizing Blunt Diaphragmatic Rupture

Panamerican Journal of Trauma, Critical Care & Emergency Surgery ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10030-1006 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 24-26

Author(s):

Edward Passos ◽

Bartolomeu Nascimento ◽

Fernando Spencer Netto ◽

Homer Tien

Keyword(s):

Ct Scan ◽

Blunt Trauma ◽

New Technologies ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Diaphragmatic Rupture ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Trauma Patients ◽

Ct Scanner ◽

Traumatic Diaphragmatic Rupture

ABSTRACT Background Blunt traumatic diaphragmatic rupture (BTDR) occurs when signicant deceleration mechanism and energy are applied to the torso, and it is associated with signicant injuries and high morbidity and mortality. Although it has limitations, CT scan is the diagnostic of choice for BTDR. This study is a retrospective analyse of our experience in diagnosing BTDR using the 64-slice CT scanner. Sensitivity and specicity of this exam were assessed. Methods We reviewed reports from 2006 to 2009 of all CT scans of the abdomen that were done in the rst 24 hours of hospitalization of blunt trauma patients. We compared CT ndings to surgery reports. Results Our cohort consisted of 2670 patients; 69% were male. We found 28 cases of BTDR, most of them on the patient s left side (54%). Eleven percent of cases were bilateral. BTDR was often caused by motor vehicle collisions. We found sensitivity of 86%, specicity of 99%. Conclusion CT scan is reliable tool in blunt trauma patients. As new technologies arise, its sensibility and specicity also increases. How to cite this article Passos E, Nascimento B, Netto FS, Tien H, Rizoli S. The Role of CT Scan in Recognizing Blunt Diaphragmatic Rupture. Panam J Trauma Critical Care Emerg Surg 2012;1(1):24-26.

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The role of activity, scan duration and patient's weight in the optimization of 18FDG imaging protocols on a TOF-PET/CT scanner

10.21203/rs.3.rs-17743/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Roberta Matheoud ◽

Naema Al-Maymani ◽

Alessia Oldani ◽

Gian Mauro Sacchetti ◽

Marco Brambilla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Image Quality ◽

Activity Concentration ◽

Whole Body ◽

Internal Diameter ◽

Ct Scanner ◽

Recovery Coefficient ◽

Pet Ct ◽

Bed Position ◽

Tof Pet

Abstract Background : Time-of-flight (TOF) PET technology determines a reduction in the noise and improves the reconstructed image quality , in low counts acquisitions, such as in overweight patients, allowing a reduction of administered activity and/or imaging time. However, international guidelines and recommendations on 18 F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) activity administration scheme are old or only partially account for TOF technology and advanced reconstruction modalities. The aim of this study was to optimize FDG whole-body studies on a TOF PET/CT scanner by using a multivariate approach to quantify how physical figures of merit related to image quality change with acquisition/reconstruction/patient-dependent parameters in a phantom experiment.Methods : The NEMA-IEC body phantom was used to evaluate contrast recovery coefficient (CRC), background variability (BV) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) as a function of changing emission scan duration (ESD), activity concentration (AC), target internal diameter (ID), target-background activity ratio (TBR), and weight. The phantom was filled with 5.3 kBq/mL of FDG solution and the spheres with TBR of 21, 9, and 5 in 3 different sessions. Images were acquired at varying activity concentration from 5.1 to 1.3 kBq/mL and images were reconstructed for ESD of 30-151 seconds per bed position with and without Point Spread Function (PSF) correction. The parameters were all considered in simultaneous experiments and in a single analysis using multiple linear regression methods.Results : As expected, CRC depended only on sphere ID and on PSF application, while BV depended on sphere ID, ESD, AC and weight of the patient, in order of decreasing relevance. Noteworthy, ESD and AC resulted as the most significant predictors of CNR variability with a similar relevance, followed by the weight of the patient and TBR of the lesion.Conclusions : Due to the interchangeable role of AC and ESD in modulating CRC, ESD could be increased rather than AC to improve image quality in overweight/obese patients to fulfil ALARA principles.

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Role of multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) in management of post percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) bleeding

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.2-253.v1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 253 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Arvind P Ganpule ◽

Darshan H Shah ◽

Sanika A Ganpule ◽

Ravindra B Sabnis ◽

Mohan M Rajapurkar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy ◽

Renal Unit ◽

Ct Scanner ◽

Mdct Angiography ◽

Arterial Tree ◽

Conventional Angiography ◽

Av Fistula ◽

Segmental Artery ◽

Angiography Suite

Objective: To evaluate the role of multidetector computerized tomography (MDCT) angiography in post percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) bleed and compare findings with conventional angiography (CA).Material and methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who had post PCNL bleeding and subsequently underwent a MDCT angiography followed by CA. We reviewed eight patients, who presented between January 2009 and January 2013. We performed a MDCT angiography on a 16 slice GE bright speed CT scanner. All angiographies were done by using the Digital Subtraction Angiography Suite. The angioembolisation, if required, was conducted by an interventional nephrologist, specializing in therapeutic embolisation.Results: The mean age of the patients was 42±17 years. Mean time of post PCNL bleed presentation was 10.06±7.9 days. Five patients presented with aneurysm and three presented with an AV fistula with pseudoaneurysm. The right renal unit was involved in six cases and the left in two cases. The lower polar segmental artery was involved in six cases and the upper polar artery in two cases. The CA and MDCT findings matched in all cases and the MDCT helped the clinician to assess and embolise the appropriate arterial tree.Conclusion: MDCT is rapid, reproducible and noninvasive. MDCT angiography performed in the setting of post PCNL bleeding provides an accurate assessment of the site and nature of bleeding. The MDCT angiography matched the CA findings in all patients in the present study.

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Role of Mean Transit Time (MTT) Perfusion Map on the Aquilion ONE CT Scanner Using SVD+ Algorithm in Acute Stroke (P07.035)

Neurology ◽

10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p07.035 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 78 (Meeting Abstracts 1) ◽

pp. P07.035-P07.035

Author(s):

H. Dababneh ◽

W. Guerrero ◽

K. Wilson ◽

J. Mocco ◽

J. Bennett ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Stroke ◽

Transit Time ◽

Mean Transit Time ◽

Ct Scanner

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Modelling Automatic Exposure Control Response to the Presence of the Patient Scanning Bed in a Hybrid Pet/Ct Scanner

Radiation Protection Dosimetry ◽

10.1093/rpd/ncab151 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Seán Cournane ◽

Matthew Reade ◽

Jackie McCavana ◽

Julie Lucey

Keyword(s):

Region Of Interest ◽

Exposure Control ◽

Automatic Exposure Control ◽

Ct Scanner ◽

Pet Ct ◽

Control Response ◽

Adequate Image Quality ◽

Ct System ◽

Attenuation Profiles

Abstract Automatic Exposure Control (AEC) systems optimise radiation dose to the patient while providing adequate image quality. This study examined the effect that the increased localiser region of interest of a hybrid PET/CT has on the CTDIvol, focussing on the role of extraneous objects and patient attenuation profiles. A Siemens Biograph™ 16 Horizon PET/CT system and a Siemens Somatom Sensation 64, both employing the Siemens CAREDose 4D AEC system, were used for acquisition of a range of phantoms. The effect of patient miscentring and effect of the patient bed impinging on the localiser was established and modelled. For PA localiser scans, a non-linear relationship between miscentring and CTDIvol was observed, attributable to the presence of the patient bed being misinterpreted as the patient width. The model identified how the presence of the patient bed led to an increase in the CTDIvol significantly larger than expected (~12%, or 1 mSv), particularly prevalent for smaller patients.

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