In cats and dogs with traumatic diaphragmatic rupture, does surgical timing affect outcome?

PICO question In cats and dogs with traumatic diaphragmatic rupture undergoing herniorrhaphy does surgical timing affect outcome? Clinical bottom line Category of research question Prognosis The number and type of study designs reviewed Ten studies were critically appraised. All of these were retrospective case series Strength of evidence Zero Outcomes reported Overall, there is not sufficient evidence reporting if timing of surgical intervention has an effect on the mortality rate in dogs and cats with traumatic diaphragmatic rupture. Mortality rate was 6.8–50% in all cases Conclusion There is no statistically significant information available with only several retrospective studies published that are a low quality of evidence. Clinical practice can be reviewed based upon current evidence assessing timing of herniorrhaphy of traumatic diaphragmatic rupture. However, there are no clear recommendations and future studies are warranted How to apply this evidence in practice The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources. Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.

Traumatic Diaphragmatic Rupture, Incidence, Presentation, and Outcome: تمزق الحجاب الحاجز الرضحي؛ مدى شيوع الإصابة والعرض والنتيجة

Objective: The aim of this prospective study is to highlight the incidence of a traumatic diaphragmatic rupture occurring in thoraco-abdominal penetrating or blunt trauma, and discuss their presentation and outcome Methods: We performed a prospective study, between 1st January 2017 to 30th June 2020 at the Department of General Surgery of the Al-Thawra Modern General Hospital, and 48-Modrn hospital -Sana'a city -Yemen. We included all the patients who were diagnosed and admitted with traumatic diaphragmatic rupture during the study period. Data included demographics, mechanism of injury, associated injuries, time of presentation post- trauma, length of hospital stay and ICU, ventilator days, management, postoperative complication, and outcomes. The variables were analyzed and compared for patients. Result: A total of 38 patients had traumatic diaphragmatic injury of (1843) thoracoabdominal trauma (2.1%)(855 blunt trauma & 988 penetrating trauma), 31 patients (81.6%) have sustained penetrating trauma, while only 7 patients (18.4%) have blunt trauma. There were 33 male patients (86.8%) and 5 female patients (13.2%) with a mean age of 25 years (range 3–52 years), the location of rupture was 30 patients (78.9%) on the left-sided, and 8 patients (21.1%) on right-sided, 4 patients presented early with a diaphragmatic hernia, and 5 patient presented late with diaphragmatic hernia. Associated injuries were presented in 36 patients (94.7%). The diagnosis was preoperatively established in (36.8%), and intraoperative (63.2%). The diaphragmatic rupture was repaired with interrupted nonabsorbable sutures. Postoperative complications were observed in 23 patients (60.5%). Mortality was observed in 4 patients (10.5%). The outcome affected by associated injuries hemo/pneumothorax, rib fractures/lung contusion, hollow viscous injury, post-operative complication, time of presentation post- trauma, and hemodynamically state before admission. Conclusion: Traumatic diaphragmatic rupture, usually masked by multiple associated injuries which aggravate the condition of patients and are responsible for morbidity and mortality. The left-sided is involved more than the right-sided.

Diaphragmatic Rupture With Left Colon and Spleen Herniation and Small Intestine Injury After Blunt Trauma

Traumatic Diaphragmatic Rupture (TDR) is a rare type of trauma. Small intestine injuries are the third most common type of injury resulting from blunt trauma to abdominal organs. The immediate diagnosis of TDR and bowel injuries is a daunting task. We reported a 53-year-old male patient who was transferred to the hospital by EMS because of a car accident. The chest X-ray showed the left diaphragm elevation. Also, a computed tomography scan revealed that the greater omentum, a portion of the colon, spleen, and stomach were transposed in the hemithorax through a diaphragm rupture. The patient underwent laparotomy and the incidental findings in laparotomy showed bowel injuries. This case was a common cause of traumatic left-sided diaphragmatic rupture and intestinal injury. The suspicion of diaphragmatic rupture and intestinal injury in a patient with multiple traumas contributes to early diagnosis. Surgical repair remains the only treatment for diaphragmatic rupture. The severe injury in a part of the intestine may result in the resection of that part.

Traumatic Diaphragmatic Rupture in An Elderly Patient With Polytrauma

Case presentation: We report a case of an 80-year-old woman presented to our hospital 2 hours after a traffic accident with multiple injuries: blunt chest injury, rib fractures, pulmonary laceration, right pneumothorax, pleural effusion, right lower lobe atelectasis, right diaphragmatic rupture causing intrathoracic intestinal herniation, blunt abdominal trauma, grade III liver rupture, spine injury with L1, L2 transverse process fractures. An emergency surgery was performed to drain the fluid and air in the pleural cavity, evacuate the hernia organs, and repair the diaphragmatic injury. The postoperative source was uneventful and she was discharged after 20 days. Conclusion Early diagnosis of diaphragmatic rupture in polytrauma requires the combination of clinical examination, chest X-ray, and CT scanner. Favorable outcomes can be achieved with early surgical interventions.

Anaesthetic management in a patient requiring one lung ventilation during COVID-19 pandemic

Placement of a double-lumen tube to achieve one lung ventilation is an aerosol-generating procedure. Performing it on a patient with COVID-19 will put healthcare workers at high risk of contracting the disease. We herein report a case of its use in a patient with traumatic diaphragmatic rupture, who was also suspected to have COVID-19. This article aims to highlight the issues, it presented and ways to address them as well as the perioperative impact of personal protective equipment.