Effect of lignin on bio-based/oil-based polymer blends

2022 ◽  
pp. 251-291
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ghozali ◽  
Witta Kartika Restu ◽  
Ika Juliana ◽  
Yenny Meliana ◽  
Evi Triwulandari
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
E. G. Rightor

Core edge spectroscopy methods are versatile tools for investigating a wide variety of materials. They can be used to probe the electronic states of materials in bulk solids, on surfaces, or in the gas phase. This family of methods involves promoting an inner shell (core) electron to an excited state and recording either the primary excitation or secondary decay of the excited state. The techniques are complimentary and have different strengths and limitations for studying challenging aspects of materials. The need to identify components in polymers or polymer blends at high spatial resolution has driven development, application, and integration of results from several of these methods.


Author(s):  
William A. Heeschen

Two new morphological measurements based on digital image analysis, CoContinuity and CoContinuity Balance, have been developed and implemented for quantitative measurement of morphology in polymer blends. The morphology of polymer blends varies with phase ratio, composition and processing. A typical morphological evolution for increasing phase ratio of polymer A to polymer B starts with discrete domains of A in a matrix of B (A/B < 1), moves through a cocontinuous distribution of A and B (A/B ≈ 1) and finishes with discrete domains of B in a matrix of A (A/B > 1). For low phase ratios, A is often seen as solid convex particles embedded in the continuous B phase. As the ratio increases, A domains begin to evolve into irregular shapes, though still recognizable as separate domains. Further increase in the phase ratio leads to A domains which extend into and surround the B phase while the B phase simultaneously extends into and surrounds the A phase.


Polymer News ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 296-300
Author(s):  
F. Esposito ◽  
V. Casuscelli ◽  
M. V. Volpe ◽  
G. Carotenuto ◽  
L. Nicolais

1990 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Gang Wang ◽  
S.A. Safran

1989 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G. Brereton ◽  
T.A. Vilgis
Keyword(s):  

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Pinchuk ◽  
V. A. Goldade ◽  
A. G. Kravtsov ◽  
S. V. Zotov ◽  
B. Jurkowski ◽  
...  

Kobunshi ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 790-793
Author(s):  
Hajime Tanaka

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