Evaluation of stage IV brain cancer treatment techniques

Cancer is one of the major health issues with increasing incidence worldwide. In spite of the existing conventional cancer treatment techniques, the cases of cancer diagnosis and death rates are rising year by year. Thus, new approaches are required to advance the traditional ways of cancer therapy. Currently, nanomedicine, employing nanoparticles and nanocomposites, offers great promise and new opportunities to increase the efficacy of cancer treatment in combination with thermal therapy. Nanomaterials can generate and specifically enhance the heating capacity at the tumor region due to optical and magnetic properties. The mentioned unique properties of nanomaterials allow inducing the heat and destroying the cancerous cells. This paper provides an overview of the utilization of nanoparticles and nanomaterials such as magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, nanorods, nanoshells, nanocomposites, carbon nanotubes, and other nanoparticles in the thermal ablation of tumors, demonstrating their advantages over the conventional heating methods.

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Photodynamic characterization and optimization using multifunctional nanoparticles for brain cancer treatment

10.1117/12.2005530 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kristen Herrmann ◽

Yong-Eun Lee Koo ◽

Daniel A. Orringer ◽

Oren Sagher ◽

Martin Philbert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Treatment ◽

Brain Cancer ◽

Multifunctional Nanoparticles

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Comparison between two breast cancer treatment techniques by the external radiotherapy

Materials Today Proceedings ◽

10.1016/j.matpr.2021.11.120 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Bouchra Amaoui ◽

Abdelmajid Choukri ◽

Soufiane Abdouh ◽

Slimane Semghouli

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

Breast Cancer Treatment ◽

External Radiotherapy ◽

Treatment Techniques

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Cancer immunotherapy does not increase the risk of death by COVID-19 in melanoma patients

10.1101/2020.05.19.20106971 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Gonzalez-Cao ◽

Monica Antonazas-Basa ◽

Teresa Puertolas ◽

Eva Munoz-Couselo ◽

Jose Luis Manzano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Treatment ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽

Stage Iv ◽

National Registry ◽

Global Risk ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Treatment Type ◽

Melanoma Patients ◽

Active Cancer

Background: Covid-19 pandemic by the new coronavirus SARS-Cov-2 has produced devastating effects on the health care system, affecting also cancer patient care. Data about COVID-19 infection in cancer patients are scarce, and they point out a higher risk of complications due to the viral infection in this population. Moreover, cancer treatments could increase viral complications, specially those treatments based on the use of immunotherapy with checkpoints antibodies. There are no clinical data about the safety of immune check point antibodies in cancer patients when they become infected by SARS-CoV-2. As checkpoint inhibitors, mainly anti PD-1 and anti CTLA-4 antibodies, are an effective treatment for most melanoma patients, avoiding their use during the pandemic could lead to a decrease in the chances of curing melanoma. Methods: In Spain we have started a national registry of melanoma patients infected by SARS-Cov-2 since April 1st, 2020. A retrospective analysis of patients included in the Spanish registery has been performed weekly since the activation of the study. Interim analysis shows unexpected findings about cancer treatment safety in SARS-Cov-2 infected melanoma patients, so a rapid communication to the scientific community is mandatory Results: Fifty patients have been included as of May 17th, 2020. Median age is 69 years (range 6 to 94 years), 27 (54%) patients are males and 36 (70%) patients have stage IV melanoma. Twenty-two (44%) patients were on active anticancer treatment with anti PD-1 antibodies, 16 (32%) patients were on treatment with BRAF plus MEK inhibitors and 12 (24%) patients were not on active cancer treatment. COVID-19 episode has been resolved in 43 cases, including 30 (70%) patients cured, four (9%) patients that have died due to melanoma progression, and nine (21%) patients that have died from COVID-19. Mortality rates from COVID-19 according to melanoma treatment type were 16%, 15% and 36% for patients on immunotherapy, targeted drugs, and for those that were not undergoing active cancer treatment, respectively. Conclusion: These preliminary findings show that the risk of death in those patients undergoing treatment with anti PD-1 antibodies does not exceed the global risk of death in this population. These results could be relevant in order to select melanoma therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic

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Immune cell-based drug delivery system with biodegradable fluorescent nanoparticles for brain cancer treatment

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology ◽

10.3389/conf.fbioe.2016.01.00089 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

Author(s):

Kim Gloria ◽

Sanabria Virginia ◽

Dong Cheng ◽

Yang Jian

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

Drug Delivery System ◽

Delivery System ◽

Brain Cancer ◽

Immune Cell ◽

Fluorescent Nanoparticles

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Chemotherapy use at the end of life in Brazil.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e24003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e24003-e24003

Author(s):

Munir Murad Junior ◽

Thiago Henrique Mascarenhas Nébias ◽

Marcos Antonio da Cunha Santos ◽

Mariangela Cherchiglia

Keyword(s):

Palliative Care ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

End Of Life ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Stage Iv ◽

Breast Cancers ◽

Early Palliative Care ◽

Study Population ◽

One Year

e24003 Background: Chemotherapy in the last days of life is not associated with a survival benefit, and recent data suggest it may cause harm by decreasing quality of life and increasing costs. Both ESMO and ASCO have published position statements encouraging discussions about the appropriate cessation of chemotherapy. End-of-life chemotherapy rates vary worldwide but in summary, up to a fifth of cancer patients are treated with chemotherapy in the last month of life with no clear benefits. The aim of this study is to describe the rate of chemotherapy use in the last month of life in patients who are candidates for palliative care in Brazil. Methods: It is a prospective non-concurrent cohort carried out from a database developed through probabilistic and deterministic linkage of data from information systems of the Brazilian Public Health System. The study population is composed of all patients who started cancer treatment between 2009 and 2014 and who was hospitalized at least 1 time after starting treatment. To address the indication for palliative care, patients whose death occurred within one year after the first hospitalization were selected. Results: A total of 299,202 patients started cancer treatment in that period and 62,249 died 1year after hospitalization. Among the deceased patients, the median age was 62 years, 50.9% of them were in stage IV and 34.1% in stage III and 46% lived in the southeastern region of the country. The most common cancers were lung (n = 17805; 28.6%) colorectal (n = 12273; 19.7%) and gastric (n = 10248; 16.5%). The average number of hospitalizations was 2.7 and 89% of these patients required emergency hospitalization. About half (45,4%; n=28,250) of the patients underwent chemotherapy at the last 30 days of life. The rates of use of chemotherapy in the last month was 44% for lung cancer, 74,4% for colon, 50.2% for gastric and 51.8% breast cancers. Conclusions: Despite international recommendations on the use of chemotherapy at the end of life, this seems to be a common practice unfortunately. Measures to implement early palliative care should be a priority for the care of cancer patients in Brazil.

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