Hypothermia as a risk factor for Alzheimer disease

Abstract:A number of autoimmune diseases and immune-related conditions were investigated in a series of 100 Alzheimer patients and their families. The group was divided into those who had familial dementia of the Alzheimer type and non-familial dementia of the Alzheimer type. HLA DR3 was associated with the familial dementia of the Alzheimer type patients. Adult exposure to tuberculosis appeared to be a risk factor for familial dementia of the Alzheimer type patients. Autoimmune diseases clustered among the non-familial dementia of the Alzheimer type patients, and also among their relatives. Asthma and infertility were also significantly increased among non-familial dementia of the Alzheimer type relatives. The analysis showed that (1) autoimmunity may be important in the sporadic form of Alzheimer disease; (2) it may be possible to confer a decreased risk for Alzheimer disease among relatives when many autoimmune diseases occur in the family; (3) it may be important to assess environmental risk factors for Alzheimer disease separately in patients with familial and sporadic disease; and (4) the efficacy of drug therapies may be dependent on whether the patients have a familial or sporadic form of Alzheimer disease.

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Is Exposure to Aluminum a Risk Factor for the Development of Alzheimer Disease?—Yes

Archives of Neurology ◽

10.1001/archneur.55.5.740 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 55 (5) ◽

pp. 740 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

William F. Forbes ◽

Gerry B. Hill

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Alzheimer Disease

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Methionine synthase polymorphism is a risk factor for Alzheimer disease

Neuroreport ◽

10.1097/01.wnr.0000073683.00308.0e ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. 1391-1394 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Katrin Beyer ◽

José I. Lao ◽

Pilar Latorre ◽

Nadal Riutort ◽

Belinda Matute ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Alzheimer Disease ◽

Methionine Synthase

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PAŽINTINIŲ GEBĖJIMŲ IR APOLIPOPROTEINO E Ɛ4 GENOTIPO SĄSAJOS: SISTEMINĖ APŽVALGA

Psichologija ◽

10.15388/psichol.2012.46.815 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 123-134

Author(s):

Laura Sapranavičiūtė ◽

Abdonas Tamošiūnas

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Alzheimer Disease ◽

Apolipoprotein E ◽

Longitudinal Studies ◽

Cognitive Functions ◽

Prognostic Value ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Cognitively Impaired

Senėjimo problemos kontekste pažintinių gebėjimų prastėjimas tampa vis aktualesnė tema. Yra duomenų, kad APOE ɛ4 genotipas prognozuoja prastesnius pažintinius gebėjimus. Taigi, kyla poreikis išsiaiškinti, kurie pažintinių gebėjimų komponentai ir jų pokyčiai siejasi su APOE ɛ4 genotipu. Šio straipsnio tikslas – sisteminės analizės metodu apžvelgti mokslinius tyrimus, analizavusius pažintinių gebėjimų ir APOE ɛ4 genotipo sąsajas.Ankstesnių tyrimų rezultatai atskleidžia, kad turintieji APOE ɛ4 alelį pasižymi prastesniais pažintiniais gebėjimais, palyginti su asmenimis, neturinčiais APOE ɛ4. Dauguma tyrimų įrodo, kad APOE ɛ4 genotipas susijęs su prastesne atmintimi ir vykdomosios funkcijos rezultatais. Kiek rečiau aptinkami APOE ɛ4 ir dėmesio ryšiai. O verbaliniai ir samprotavimo gebėjimai su šio geno polimorfizmu dažniausiai nesiejami. Manoma, kad APOE ɛ4 genotipas gali turėti įtakos pažintinių gebėjimų prastėjimui, tačiau lieka neaiški šio geno polimorfizmo įtaka pažintinių gebėjimų prastėjimui, pasireiškus Alzheimerio ligai.Taigi, APOE ɛ4 genotipas gali būti rizikos veiksnys, susijęs tiek su natūraliu, tiek su patologiniu pažintinių gebėjimų prastėjimu. Tačiau tolesni APOE ɛ4 genotipo ir pažintinių gebėjimų sąsajų tyrimai yra būtimi.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: pažintiniai gebėjimai, APOE ɛ4 genotipas.ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS AND APOLIPOPROTEIN E Ɛ4 GENOTYPE: SYSTEMIC REVIEWLaura Sapranavičiūtė, Abdonas TamošiūnasSummaryDeterioration of cognitive functions is becoming more and more important issue in context of aging. So there is the growing interest in studies looking for the risk factors of deterioration of cognitive functions. Apolipoprotein E is a plasma protein whose major function is lipids transportation. APOE ɛ4 allele of the Apolipoprotein E gene is known as a risk factor of Alzheimer disease. Previous researchers stated, that APOE ɛ4 also might be related to cognitive performance in normal aging. However results of previous studies are quit confusing: different studies established various associations between APOE ɛ4 and specific cognitive functions. Moreover, longitudinal studies failed to establish prognostic value of APOE ɛ4 genotype to different levels of cognitive functions deterioration. So the purpose of this study is to review prospective, observational, cohort studies that had researched association between APOE ɛ4 and cognitive functions using systematic analysis method.The weight of evidence suggests that APOE ɛ4 is associated with cognitive functions in healthy adults. APOE ɛ4 carriers are likely to have lower level of cognitive functions. Associations between specific cognitive functions and APOE ɛ4 genotype are quit confusing. The most consistent finding was a negative relationship between APOE ɛ4 genotype and performance of memory and executive functioning. Presence of APOE ɛ4 and attention test results was less likely to be associated. Reasoning and verbal abilities were mostly not connected to APOE ɛ4 genotype. Associations between APOE ɛ4 and cognitive function differ in the groups of healthy adults, adults with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer disease. There were established that APOE ɛ4 is associated with cognitive functions in cognitively impaired population. People with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer disease more often tended to be APOE ɛ4 carriers in comparison with people who are not cognitively impaired. Longitudinal studies revealed different links between APOE ɛ4 and cognitive functions. Although APOE ɛ4 might be a risk factor of deterioration of cognitive functions in healthy and impaired cognitive functions groups. Yet prognostic value of APOE ɛ4 in deterioration of cognitive functions in Alzheimer population is confusing.The current review suggests that APOE ɛ4 has an effect on cognitive functions. It might be a risk factor for deterioration of cognitive functions in healthy adults and cognitively impaired population. However further researches are needed to establish specific associations between APOE ɛ4 genotype and different cognitive functions in healthy adults and disease populations.Keywords: cognitive functions, APOE ɛ4 genotype.

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101 - Alzheimer Disease and Dementia: diagnostic challenges and future directions in Hispanic populations

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610221001319 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. 2-2

Author(s):

Jorge J Llibre Guerra ◽

Daisy Acosta ◽

Ivonne Z. Jiménez Velázquez ◽

Ana Rodriguez-Salgado ◽

Geeske Peeters ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Alzheimer Disease ◽

Latin American ◽

Low Cost ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Preventive Strategies ◽

Risk Factor Management ◽

Hispanic Populations ◽

The Impact

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia has emerged as a significant societal issue and a global priority. The prevalence of dementia is rising more rapidly in low and middle income countries (LMIC) than in high income countries. A growing body of evidence shows that prevention through risk factor management is the key to reducing the burden of dementia in the society, especially in LMIC. However, a one-size-fits all approach to health promotion is neither efficient nor effective. Latin American countries (LAC) have unique challenges related to dementia, including rapid aging population, high admixture degree and risk factors profile, which influence the prevalence and presentation of dementia. During this session, we will present findings and tools that will help tailor and personalize risk factor management in Hispanics populations. Participants will be first introduced to genetics of Alzheimer disease in Hispanic populations relative to non-Hispanics and the influence of gene by environment interactions. The second presentation will report on the epidemiology and risk factors of AD using cross countries/society comparisons (Non-Hispanics whites vs Hispanics living in US vs Hispanics living in Latin America.) The third presenter will discuss the development of a tool that visualizes how each risk factor contributes to the risk of dementia and how one may lower their risk by addressing the risk factors. The tool can be used in primary care settings in Cuba, Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico. Finally, the fourth presenter uses state-of-the-art digital assessment tools (brain health assessment), for low-cost monitoring of cognitive functioning, MCI and dementia. Such instruments are important for future evaluation of the impact of preventive strategies. At the end of the presentations, attendees will be able to identify the unique genetic and social determinants that drive AD in LAC. Recommendations will be given for preventive strategies tailored to LMIC. The findings to be shared will be essential for building evidence-based interventions tailored to reducing the burden of dementia in the Hispanic populations.Session Chair:Juan Llibre RodriguezAlzheimer Disease and genetics in Hispanic PopulationsJorge J Llibre-GuerraAlzheimer disease epidemiology and risk factors in Caribbean and non-Caribbean Hispanics populations.Ivonne Z. Jiménez VelázquezDevelopment of a tool to motivate for healthy behaviors to prevent dementia in the Caribbean.Daisy AcostaA brief digital cognitive assessment for detection of cognitive impairment in Hispanics populations.Ana Rodriguez-Salgado

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DIAN-TU ARGENTINA

Journal of Applied Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.17981/jacn.2.1.2021.05 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. e00173805

Author(s):

Patricio Chrem-Mendez ◽

Pablo Bagnati

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Alzheimer Disease ◽

Neurodegenerative Disease ◽

New Disease ◽

Main Risk Factor ◽

Classical Form ◽

Novel Therapeutics ◽

Disease Modifying ◽

Global Aging

Alzheimer’s disease is, by far the first, cause of dementia and the more frequent neurodegenerative disease. Considered as a result of multifactorial causes, aging is the main risk factor for the classical form of the disease and because of global aging, a very significant increase in the prevalence is expected in the upcoming decades, especially in countries in development. Several drugs with different targets have been tried so far and, still with no success. Frenzied efforts seeking a new disease-modifying drug are constantly being pursued and innovative models of the clinical trials have emerged. The DIAN initiative studies individuals with known mutations in the deterministic genes of the disease. Autosomal Dominantly Alzheimer Disease (ADAD) showed to be a more predictable model in terms of whom and when will get the disease. This allows testing novel therapeutics agents by choosing the drug according to the biological moment of the disease. But ADAD is also a uniquely human story full of courage and hope. The DIAN trial has started in Argentina and a new anti-tau age has begun as well.

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