scholarly journals Low-Income Black and Hispanic Children's Neighborhood Food Environments and Weight Trajectories in Early Childhood

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 784-792
Author(s):  
Katherine Abowd Johnson ◽  
Jessica Jones-Smith ◽  
Frank C. Curriero ◽  
Lawrence J. Cheskin ◽  
Sara E. Benjamin-Neelon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Food Environments ◽  
Weight Trajectories

scholarly journals 4264 Early Childhood and Prepubertal Overweight and Obesity are Associated with Earlier Pubertal Onset in Boys and Girls: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (s1) ◽  
pp. 28-28
Author(s):  
Li-Kuang Chen ◽  
Guoying Wang ◽  
Wendy Bennett ◽  
Xiaobin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Early Puberty ◽  
Puberty Onset ◽  
Weight Trajectories ◽  
Prospective Birth Cohort

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: It is hypothesized that the global secular trend toward earlier puberty onset, with implications for many future health outcomes, is related to the obesity epidemic. This study aims to examine prospective associations between weight during specific developmental windows and timing of puberty onset. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This study includes 1,296 mother-infant dyads from the Boston Birth Cohort, a predominantly minority (>80% black/Hispanic), low-income, and urban prospective birth cohort recruited and followed between 1998 and 2019. Age at peak height velocity (APHV), a well-defined and standardized proxy for puberty onset, is derived by fitting height measurements recorded during clinical visits using a mixed effects growth curve model. Multiple linear regression is performed to examine the relationships between early childhood (ages 2-5y) and prepubertal (ages 6-9y) overweight and obesity, weight trajectories between these two periods, and APHV, while controlling for known contributors to early puberty. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Compared to counterparts with normal BMIs, kids who were obese during ages 2-5y (boys: −0.21y, CI[−0.39, −0.04]; girls: −0.22y, CI[−0.39, −0.05]) or ages 6-9y (boys: −0.27y, CI[−0.43, −0.11]; girls: −0.37y, CI[−0.52, −0.23]) had an earlier APHV. Being overweight during ages 6-9y was also associated an earlier APHV (boys: −0.26y, CI[−0.46, −0.07]; girls: −0.26y, CI[−0.42, −0.10]). Looking at weight trajectories, kids who were persistently overweight or obese from ages 2-5y to ages 6-9y had an earlier APHV (boys: −0.28y, CI[−0.45, −0.12]; girls: −0.31y, CI[−0.46, −0.16]), as did girls with normal BMIs during ages 2-5y and who were overweight or obese during ages 6-9y (−0.45y CI[−0.64, −0.26]). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The temporal and dose-response relationships seen in this historically understudied population suggests that childhood obesity is etiologically important in the development, and even programming, of early puberty. This has implications for prediction, prevention, and mitigation of health disparities.

scholarly journals Shaping Physical, Economic, and Policy Components of the Food Environment to Create Sustainable Healthy Diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 74S-86S
Author(s):  
Adam Drewnowski ◽  
Eva C. Monterrosa ◽  
Saskia de Pee ◽  
Edward A. Frongillo ◽  
Stefanie Vandevijvere
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Food Environment ◽  
Food System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Food Environments ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Equitable Access ◽  
Nutrition Labels ◽  
Healthy Diets ◽  
Physical Spaces

Background: Sustainable healthy diets are those dietary patterns that promote all dimensions of individuals’ health and well-being; have low environmental pressure and impact; are accessible, affordable, safe, and equitable; and are culturally acceptable. The food environment, defined as the interface between the wider food system and consumer’s food acquisition and consumption, is critical for ensuring equitable access to foods that are healthy, safe, affordable, and appealing. Discussion: Current food environments are creating inequities, and sustainable healthy foods are generally more accessible for those of higher socioeconomic status. The physical, economic, and policy components of the food environment can all be acted on to promote sustainable healthy diets. Physical spaces can be modified to improve relative availability (ie, proximity) of food outlets that carry nutritious foods in low-income communities; to address economic access certain actions may improve affordability, such as fortification, preventing food loss through supply chain improvements; and commodity specific vouchers for fruits, vegetables, and legumes. Other policy actions that address accessibility to sustainable healthy foods are comprehensive marketing restrictions and easy-to-understand front-of-pack nutrition labels. While shaping food environments will require concerted action from all stakeholders, governments and private sector bear significant responsibility for ensuring equitable access to sustainable healthy diets.

scholarly journals Convenience Stores are Associated with Early Childhood Obesity in Low‐Income Households

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Koleilat ◽  
Gail Harrison ◽  
Shannon Whaley ◽  
Judy Gomez ◽  
Eloise Jenks
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Convenience Stores ◽  
Early Childhood Obesity ◽  
Low Income Households

scholarly journals Rapid infant weight gain and early childhood obesity in low-income Latinos and non-Latinos

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1777-1784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Polk ◽  
Rachel Johnson Thornton ◽  
Laura Caulfield ◽  
Alvaro Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Latino Children ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Early Childhood Obesity ◽  
Paediatric Practice ◽  
Infant Weight Gain ◽  
Rapid Infant Weight Gain

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the growth of infants and toddlers in a population that is both under-represented in the literature and at high risk for childhood obesity.DesignWeight and height measurements were extracted from all visits for a sample of 0–4-year-old, low-income, Latino and non-Latino patients of an urban, academic general paediatric practice. Early growth was characterized as change in weight-for-length Z-score (WLZ) from birth to 3 years. The outcome of interest was BMI Z-score (BMIZ) at age 3 years. Mixed-effects models and multivariate linear regression were used to analyse the association between infant growth and early childhood obesity.SettingBaltimore, MD, USA.SubjectsLatino (n 210) and non-Latino (n 253) children, born in 2003–2004.ResultsAn increase in WLZ from birth to 2 years was observed for this cohort as well as a high incidence of overweight and obesity. WLZ at birth and change in WLZ from birth to 2 years were both significantly and positively associated with increases in BMIZ at 3 years of age. The effect of the change in WLZ was twofold higher than the effect of WLZ at birth.ConclusionsAn increase in WLZ during the first 2 years of life increased the risk of early childhood obesity. Latino children had a higher incidence of early childhood obesity than non-Latino children in this low-income sample.

Cortisol in early childhood moderates the association between family routines and observed affective balance in children from low‐income backgrounds

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon L. Lo ◽  
Hurley O. Riley ◽  
Julie Sturza ◽  
Delia M. Vazquez ◽  
Katherine Rosenblum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Family Routines ◽  
Affective Balance

Predicting differentiated developmental trajectories of prosocial behavior: A 12-year longitudinal study of children facing early risks and vulnerabilities

2020 ◽  
pp. 016502542093563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinxin Shi ◽  
Idean Ettekal ◽  
Jeffrey Liew ◽  
Steven Woltering
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Peer Acceptance ◽  
Peer Rejection ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Risk And Resilience ◽  
Stable Class

The current study examined the heterogeneity in the development of school-based prosocial behavior from Grades 1 to 12 and the role of multiple early childhood antecedents in predicting heterogeneous developmental trajectories of prosocial behavior in a sample of 784 children facing early risks and vulnerabilities (predominantly from low-income families and academically at risk; 52.6% male). In alignment with the risk and resilience framework, antecedents consisted of risk and protective factors from both individual (i.e., ego-resilient personality, behavior problems, intelligence, academic performance, gender, and ethnicity) and contextual domains (i.e., maternal support and responsiveness, family socioeconomic adversity, teacher–child warmth and conflict, and peer acceptance and rejection). We identified four distinct prosocial trajectories including a high-stable (52.5%), high-desisting (15%), moderate-increasing (20.6%), and low-stable class (11.9%). Results revealed that the low-stable, high-desisting, and moderate-increasing classes were associated with lower ego resiliency, higher behavior problems, lower teacher–child warmth, higher teacher–child conflict, and peer rejection in early childhood, compared to the high-stable group. Boys and African Americans were more likely to be in the low-stable, high-desisting, and moderate-increasing classes. Individual characteristics such as ego-resilient personality and contextual influences such as teacher–child warmth served as common protective antecedents. Interestingly, teacher–child conflict served as a unique predictor for the high-desisting class, and behavior problems and peer rejection served as unique predictors for the low-stable class.

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