A comparison of the periodontal status in patients with type 2 diabetes based on glycated haemoglobin levels and other risk factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Kiedrowicz ◽  
Elżbieta Dembowska ◽  
Jadwiga Banach ◽  
Krzysztof Safranow ◽  
Sławomir Pynka
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Periodontal Status

scholarly journals Risk factors for the development of micro-vascular complications of type 2 diabetes in a single-centre cohort of patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 424-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marsida Teliti ◽  
Giulia Cogni ◽  
Lucia Sacchi ◽  
Arianna Dagliati ◽  
Simone Marini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Vascular Complication ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
Vascular Events

Aims: In type 2 diabetes, we aimed at clarifying the role of glycated haemoglobin variability and other risk factors in the development of the main micro-vascular complications: peripheral neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy. Methods: In a single-centre cohort of 900 patients, glycated haemoglobin variability was evaluated as intra-individual standard deviation, adjusted standard deviation and coefficient of variation of serially measured glycated haemoglobin in the 2-year period before a randomly selected index visit. We devised four models considering different aspects of glycated haemoglobin evolution. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis was performed including the following covariates at the index visit: age, disease duration, body mass index, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, sex, smoking habit, hypertension, dyslipidemia, treatment with anti-diabetic drugs, occurrence of macro-vascular events and the presence of another micro-vascular complication. Results: Males with high mean glycated haemoglobin, long duration of diabetes, presence of macro-vascular events and retinopathy emerged at higher risk for peripheral neuropathy. Development of nephropathy was independently associated with higher glycated haemoglobin variability, older age, male sex, current smoking status, presence of retinopathy, of peripheral neuropathy and of hypertension. Higher mean glycated haemoglobin, younger age, longer duration of diabetes, reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate and the presence of peripheral neuropathy were significantly associated with increased incidence of retinopathy. Conclusion: Glycated haemoglobin variability was associated with increased incidence of nephropathy, while mean glycated haemoglobin emerged as independent risk factor for the development of retinopathy and peripheral neuropathy. The presence of macro-vascular events was positively correlated with peripheral neuropathy. Finally, the occurrence of another micro-vascular complication was found to be a stronger risk factor for developing another micro-vascular complication than the mean or variability of glycated haemoglobin.

scholarly journals Association of serum FAM19A5 with metabolic and vascular risk factors in human subjects with or without type 2 diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 530-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
You-Bin Lee ◽  
Hwan-Jin Hwang ◽  
Jung A Kim ◽  
Soon Young Hwang ◽  
Eun Roh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio

Objectives: A recent experimental study revealed that family with sequence similarity 19 [chemokine (C-C motif)-like] member A5 (FAM19A5), a novel secreted adipokine, has inhibitory effects on vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, and on neointima formation in injured arteries. We investigated the associations between serum FAM19A5 concentration and cardio-metabolic risk factors for the first time in human subjects. Methods: Circulating FAM19A5 concentrations and their associations with cardio-metabolic risk factors were explored in 223 individuals (45 without diabetes and 178 with type 2 diabetes). Results: Serum FAM19A5 concentrations (pg/mL) were greater in patients with type 2 diabetes [median (interquartile range), 172.70 (116.19, 286.42)] compared with non-diabetic subjects [92.09 (70.32, 147.24)] ( p < 0.001). Increasing serum FAM19A5 tertile was associated with trends of increasing waist-to-hip ratio, fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin and mean brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. Serum FAM19A5 was positively correlated with waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, alanine aminotransferase, fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin and mean brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. Multiple stepwise regression analyses identified waist-to-hip ratio, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity as determining factors for log-transformed serum FAM19A5 concentration (R2 = 0.0689). Conclusion: A novel adipokine FAM19A5 was related to various metabolic and vascular risk factors in humans, suggesting its potential as a biomarker of cardio-metabolic disease.

scholarly journals Relationship of low molecular weight fluorophore levels with clinical factors and fenofibrate effects in adults with type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej S. Januszewski ◽  
David Chen ◽  
Russell S. Scott ◽  
Rachel L. O’Connell ◽  
Nanda R. Aryal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors ◽  
One Year

AbstractPeople with diabetes are at risk of chronic complications and novel biomarkers, such as Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) may help stratify this risk. We assessed whether plasma low-molecular weight AGEs, also known as LMW-fluorophores (LMW-F), are associated with risk factors, predict complications, and are altered by fenofibrate in adults with type 2 diabetes. Plasma LMW-F were quantified at baseline, after six weeks fenofibrate, and one year post-randomisation to fenofibrate or placebo. LMW-F associations with existing and new composite vascular complications were determined, and effects of fenofibrate assessed. LMW-F correlated positively with age, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), pulse pressure, kidney dysfunction and inflammation; and negatively with urate, body mass index, oxidative stress and leptin, albeit weakly (r = 0.04–0.16, all p < 0.01). Independent determinants of LMW-F included smoking, diastolic blood pressure, prior cardiovascular disease or microvascular complications, Caucasian ethnicity, kidney function, HbA1c and diabetes duration (all p ≤ 0.01). Baseline LMW-F tertiles correlated with on-trial macrovascular and microvascular complications (trend p < 0.001) on univariate analyses only. Six weeks of fenofibrate increased LMW-F levels by 21% (p < 0.001). In conclusion, LMW-F levels correlate with many risk factors and chronic diabetes complications, and are increased with fenofibrate. LMW-F tertiles predict complications, but not independently of traditional risk factors.

scholarly journals Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Correlates with the Presence of Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Gao ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Jin-Kui Yang ◽  
Ming-Zhao Qin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Proliferative Retinopathy ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Statistical Indicator ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). As most diabetic patients with ASCVD are asymptomatic, it is most neglected in clinical practice. For this reason, identifying high-risk ASCVD population with intensified treatment is very important. In recent years, the relationship between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and ASCVD has caused much academic concern, but the results are inconsistent. Moreover, whether all grades of DR increase the risk of ASCVD remains controversial. Most importantly, very few data can be found in China.Objective: Our aim is to discuss whether all grades of DR increase the risk of ASCVD after adjustment for the traditional cardiovascular risk factors and to assess the independent contribution of DR to cardiovascular events in patients with T2DM, hoping to provide more evidence for early identification of ASCVD.Research design and methods: A total of 425 T2DM patients with complete physical and biochemical data were included in the study. The grade of DR was assessed with two 45°color digital retinal images. Based on the presence of history of ASCVD, 425 T2DM patients were divided into 2 groups: ASCVD group and non-ASCVD group.Results: Patients with ASCVD had a significantly higher level of age, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and higher proportion of history of ASCVD, female sex and lower level of alcohol, calculated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) than non-ASCVD patients. Their trend to develop DR with ASCVD was significantly higher than patients with non-ASCVD (χ2 =5.805, P =0.016). DR was an independent statistical indicator of the presence of ASCVD [odds ratio (OR) (95% CI): 2.321 (1.152-4.678), P =0.018]. Furthermore, when DR was divided into non-proliferative retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative retinopathy (PDR) according to its severity, only PDR was significantly associated with incident ASCVD [OR (95% CI): 8.333 (1.813-38.304), P =0.006]. After adjusting for traditional ASCVD risk factors, such an association still existed [OR (95% CI): 7.466 (1.355-41.137), P =0.021].Conclusion: DR associates strongly with ASCVD in the Chinese population with T2DM. With the severity of DR increasing, the risk of ASCVD also grows. After adjustment for traditional risk factors, PDR is still an independent risk marker for ASCVD.

scholarly journals Proliferative diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes correlates with the presence of atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Gao ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Jin-Kui Yang ◽  
Ming-Zhao Qin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Proliferative Retinopathy ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Statistical Indicator ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). As most diabetic patients with ASCVD are asymptomatic, it is most neglected in clinical practice. For this reason, identifying high-risk ASCVD population with intensified treatment is very important. In recent years, the relationship between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and ASCVD has caused much academic concern, but the results are inconsistent. Moreover, whether all grades of DR increase the risk of ASCVD remains controversial. Most importantly, very few data can be found in China. Objective Our aim is to discuss whether all grades of DR increase the risk of ASCVD after adjustment for the traditional cardiovascular risk factors and to assess the independent contribution of DR to cardiovascular events in patients with T2DM, hoping to provide more evidence for early identification of ASCVD. Research design and methods A total of 425 T2DM patients with complete physical and biochemical data were included in the study. The grade of DR was assessed with two 45 color digital retinal images. Based on the presence of history of ASCVD, 425 T2DM patients were divided into 2 groups: ASCVD group and non-ASCVD group. Results ASCVD patients were older and had a significantly higher fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and proportion of history of ASCVD. At the same time, they were more likely to be females, and had lower level of alcohol and calculated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) than non-ASCVD patients. Their trend to develop DR with ASCVD was significantly higher than patients with non-ASCVD (χ2 = 5.805, P  = 0.016). DR was an independent statistical indicator of the presence of ASCVD [odds ratio (OR) (95% CI): 2.321 (1.152–4.678), P = 0.018]. Furthermore, when DR was divided into non-proliferative retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative retinopathy (PDR) according to its severity, only PDR was significantly associated with incident ASCVD [OR (95% CI): 8.333 (1.813–38.304), P = 0.006]. After adjusting for traditional ASCVD risk factors, such an association still existed [OR (95% CI): 7.466 (1.355–41.137), P = 0.021]. Conclusion DR associates strongly with ASCVD in the Chinese population with T2DM. With the increasing severity of DR, the risk of ASCVD also increases. After adjustment for traditional risk factors, PDR is still an independent risk marker for ASCVD.

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