Five mechanisms blocking the transition towards ‘nature-inclusive’ agriculture: A systemic analysis of Dutch dairy farming

Profitability of dairy farming in relation to the type of feeding systemWe investigated the profitability of dairy farms in relation to the type of feeding system (seasonal pasture vs. permanent housing). An economic analysis was carried out of data on the structure and financial health of 50 farms in 2007 using questionnaires filled in by the farmers. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to reveal causal relationships between a number of characteristics of the farms. The two axis of PCA explained 40.48% and 16.13% of the variability among the selected farm characteristics. Profitability related more to the number of subsidies, the area of arable land, the number of livestock and to the milk and plant production than to the area of meadows and pastures. Although a better cow performance was achieved on farms with confined herds, the profit per agricultural area and profit rate did not differ significantly between the two feeding strategies (P>0.05). The profit was 3,259 and 3,655 CZK/ha on average and the profit rate 7.9% and 5.6% on average on farms with pastured herds and on farms with confined herds, respectively. A lowering of input costs and a more effective utilisation of grasslands may further enhance profitability.

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SOVIET SCIENTIFIC PERSONAL REPRESSIVE STATE APPARATUS AS AN OBJECT OF HISTORICAL SCIENCE OF SCIENCE STUDIES

Studies of Science ◽

10.31249/scis/2020.00.02 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 27-35

Author(s):

Alexander Allakhverdyan

Keyword(s):

Science Policy ◽

Large Scale ◽

Science Studies ◽

Soviet Science ◽

State Repression ◽

Developed Country ◽

Systemic Analysis ◽

State Apparatus ◽

Dramatic Practice ◽

Main Components

Numerous studies by Russian scientists and historians of science are devoted to the state science policy in the USSR and its well-known achievements, but not enough attention is paid to the negative, socially repressed aspects of the Soviet science policy. Repressions became one of the main components of the state's scientific and personnel policy in the Stalinist era. The systemic analysis of the development of Soviet science declared in the scientific literature, limited only by its indisputably outstanding achievements, without under-standing the origins, causes and mechanisms of the repressed state apparatus that operated in the same period, sharply reduces the overall picture of the reliability of the study of Soviet science. The purpose of the study is to comprehend the diverse and dramatic practice of state repression in the system of Soviet science, because in the world history of science no other developed country has experienced such large-scale and tragic events in the functioning of the scientific society.

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Localization of a Complex Failure by Combining ATPG and Customer-Oriented Application Testing

ISTFA 2013: Conference Proceedings from the 39th International Symposium for Testing and Failure Analysis ◽

10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2013p0482 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Kai Wang ◽

Rhys Weaver ◽

David Johnson

Keyword(s):

Failure Analysis ◽

Semiconductor Device ◽

Digital Design ◽

Radio Communication ◽

Communication Failure ◽

Systemic Analysis ◽

Rf Communication ◽

System On A Chip ◽

Electrical Diagnostics ◽

Failure Location

Abstract A systemic analysis was chosen to evaluate a real case Bluetooth (BT) radio failure in the aspects of RF communication, digital design, firmware, application software, semiconductor device physics and processing, and failure analysis. This paper explores the range of testing, including customer application testing, required to confirm and localize a BT RF communication failure. It shows that the radio communication failure was not, as expected, caused by faulty radio hardware; it was rather linked to problematic encryption hardware at the assistance of the Synergy BT to mobile application. The paper also explores that the digital fault can only be detected by the timing sensitive transition fault scan patterns and how to obtain the physical failure location. Thus, the combination of ATPG and application testing provides a consistency between electrical diagnostics which yields a higher success rate at subsequent physical failure analysis of complex modern RF System on a Chip.

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