Intervention Services for a Child With Multiple Disabilities

This chapter will focus on providing intervention services for an eight-year-old African-American female, Dawn, with multiple disabilities. Dawn has been diagnosed with Down syndrome, a comorbid diagnosis of an intellectual disability, and exhibits behavior problems at home and school. In this scenario, she has been evaluated within the school system to determine eligibility for services, and the speech-language pathologist needs to develop intervention goals and select therapy strategies to provide appropriate services. While both parents are involved in the child's care, the family does not have permanent housing and moves frequently. Information from actual cases has been incorporated into this chapter.

Hospital-to-Shelter/Housing Interventions for Persons Experiencing Homelessness

Persons with lived and living experiences of homelessness (PWLEs) commonly use hospitals and emergency departments to access healthcare yet support for transitions from hospital to shelter/housing can be challenging to access. To improve the continuity of care and health outcomes for PWLEs who are being discharged from hospital, a more complete understanding of two hospital-to-shelter/housing programs in Metro Vancouver, Canada was sought. Using a community-based participatory research approach, we conducted in-depth interviews in-person or by phone. Participants included eight healthcare and shelter/housing decision-makers and providers and a convenience sample of ten program participants (two females and eight males who ranged in age from 31 to 74 years old; average = 50 years old). Data were analyzed in NVivo 12 to identify successes including: 1) achieving health stability and recovery following hospital discharge; 2) having privacy and freedom while in the program; 3) building relationships with providers; 4) having formal support to find housing; and 5) cross-sector relationships between providers. Challenges included: 1) limited availability of affordable and appropriate housing; 2) other guests’ ways of life; 3) complex needs versus limited after-care resources; and 4) inequities in program access. While hospital-to-shelter/housing programs can serve as intervention opportunities to connect PWLEs to permanent housing, discharge plans need to acknowledge the local limitations on housing availability and offer short-term options for patients who require sub-acute rest and convalescence.

Suitability of Post-Disaster Coastal Land Cover with Spatial Pattern Plan of Palu City

The population growth in Palu City has implications for increasing the need for developed land, especially after complex natural disasters in 2018. After these disasters, another impact was the need for the construction of temporary and permanent housing. Therefore, it is essential to adjust the land use with disaster-prone zones. This study aims to analyze the distribution of land cover in the Disaster-Prone Zone and the suitability of the Spatial Plan with the Disaster-Prone Zone. The method used is quantitative through spatial analysis using ArcGIS 10.5 software. The results showed that Disaster Prone Zone 2 is the most dominating zone in both the type of built-up land cover and vegetation so that it still had development opportunities. However, the suitability of the Spatial Planning with Disaster Prone Zone shows that Disaster Prone Zone 4 is still included in the spatial plan as a developed area.

Qualitative findings from a Housing First evaluation project for homeless Veterans in Canada

LAY SUMMARY This two-year study implemented a Housing First approach among homelessness services for Veterans in four cities across Canada (Victoria, Calgary, London, and Toronto). This approach included peer support and harm reduction resources for Veterans. To obtain a detailed evaluation of personal experiences and opinions, focus groups were held with Veterans, housing staff, and stakeholders at three time points during the study: July-September 2012, May-June 2013, and January 2014. Harm reduction and peer support were regarded as positive aspects of this new approach to housing and homelessness. It was suggested that greater mental health support, support from peers with military experience, and issues regarding roommates should be considered in future implementations of housing services for Veterans. It was also noted that to support personal stabilization, permanent housing is preferred over transitional or temporary housing. Future housing programs serving Veterans experiencing homelessness should consider the addition of harm reduction and peer support to further enhance services and help maintain housing stability.

Women on the Border between Home and Homelessness: Analysing Worker–Client Relationship

Housing First, as implemented in Finland, offers two housing options for people who are homeless or at risk of homelessness. In this context, permanent housing refers to a scattered‐site rental flat or a community‐based housing unit in accordance with the Housing First principle. The focus of our study was on worker–client relationship and its diverse meanings at different stages of women’s housing pathways. Our data consisted of narrative thematic interviews with nine women who lived in scattered housing and three workers of a housing unit. The narratives of the housing unit workers were related to a deep concern for the women who have the most limited choices and who do not always see the housing unit as home. The workers felt frustrated with the inconsistency of care pathways in substance abuse care, psychiatric hospital care as well as gerontological services. Women in scattered housing had received sufficient support at critical stages of their housing pathway from the public service system, which is an integral part of the Finnish Housing First model. In their cases, homelessness and problems with housing had been addressed as part of a holistic effort to improve the quality of their lives either through adult social work, child protection aftercare or psychosocial services. Getting sufficient support in a vulnerable situation in a trust‐based worker–client relationship was a unifying theme of this dataset of women. Our study also challenges the development of services from the perspective of women whose housing pathways are characterised by numerous losses and exclusions, and for whom many services remain out of reach.

Long-term Follow-up of Affected Residents After Lifting Evacuation Orders in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan: Findings from an Interview-Based Psychological Survey

We examined the relationship between social support and psychological variables, and investigated the status of social support among villagers whose evacuation order had been lifted. The survey used for the analysis is the data of FY 2018 and 2019. In fiscal year 2018, a written questionnaire was posted to 4828 registered residents of Iitate Village and 1405 valid responses were received. The main finding (in joint assessment by local and external experts) was the ‘need for professional support’ (191 respondents, 13.6%). Multivariate analysis found that among those living in permanent housing outside the village, the need for support was significantly more likely for those without emotional support, or instrumental support, and those not providing support. The 2019 follow-up showed a slight improvement in perceived social support (PSS). The associations between perceived social support and living environment suggest the need to strengthen social support measures in areas where evacuation orders are yet to be lifted, which will provide useful information with which to examine the effects of future support efforts.

The Promises of Housing First and the Realities of Neoliberalism: Lessons from Toronto's Streets to Homes Programme

In 2005, Toronto City Council adopted the Streets to Homes programme, based on the “Housing First” (HF) approach, as the centrepiece of the City’s strategy to address homelessness (City of Toronto, 2005). Under HF, a client is placed in permanent housing immediately, and then receives supports for concurrent issues, such as addiction and mental illness, that affect housing stability (Hwang et al, 2012). HF is being widely embraced by North American policymakers and academics, who applaud its utility in facilitating permanent housing retention (Waegemakers Schiff and Rook, 2012). However, critics argue that HF programmes facilitate the removal of marginalised populations from city centres and represents a retrenchment of front line emergency services, reflecting neoliberal governance and the regulation of space (Klowdasky, 2009; Willse, 2010). Both the heavy reliance of quantitative, medically-oriented measures employed by proponents of HF and the equally abstract arguments of its detractors fail to assess the implications of a city’s embrace of HF on the overall housing and homelessness policies and the regulation of space. The current study intends to overcome these gaps by presenting qualitative research conducted through interviews with City of Toronto officials, service providers, and other key informants. The initial research questions focused on why the decision to adopt Streets to Homes was made, and its impacts on service delivery and access to public space. However, the employ of grounded theory allowed for a more holistic understanding to emerge of how HF does not represent neoliberalism, but rather is hampered by it. In order for HF programmes to succeed, they must be supported by a robust supply of affordable housing and adequate income supports, as well as a great deal of attention being paid to the psychosocial issues that often accompany homelessness. A failure to have these supports in place results in continued extreme poverty and poor community integration for clients.

The Promises of Housing First and the Realities of Neoliberalism: Lessons from Toronto's Streets to Homes Programme

In 2005, Toronto City Council adopted the Streets to Homes programme, based on the “Housing First” (HF) approach, as the centrepiece of the City’s strategy to address homelessness (City of Toronto, 2005). Under HF, a client is placed in permanent housing immediately, and then receives supports for concurrent issues, such as addiction and mental illness, that affect housing stability (Hwang et al, 2012). HF is being widely embraced by North American policymakers and academics, who applaud its utility in facilitating permanent housing retention (Waegemakers Schiff and Rook, 2012). However, critics argue that HF programmes facilitate the removal of marginalised populations from city centres and represents a retrenchment of front line emergency services, reflecting neoliberal governance and the regulation of space (Klowdasky, 2009; Willse, 2010). Both the heavy reliance of quantitative, medically-oriented measures employed by proponents of HF and the equally abstract arguments of its detractors fail to assess the implications of a city’s embrace of HF on the overall housing and homelessness policies and the regulation of space. The current study intends to overcome these gaps by presenting qualitative research conducted through interviews with City of Toronto officials, service providers, and other key informants. The initial research questions focused on why the decision to adopt Streets to Homes was made, and its impacts on service delivery and access to public space. However, the employ of grounded theory allowed for a more holistic understanding to emerge of how HF does not represent neoliberalism, but rather is hampered by it. In order for HF programmes to succeed, they must be supported by a robust supply of affordable housing and adequate income supports, as well as a great deal of attention being paid to the psychosocial issues that often accompany homelessness. A failure to have these supports in place results in continued extreme poverty and poor community integration for clients.

Legal remedies for land rights affected by acquisition to the construction of permanent housing fulfilling the need for post-earthquake shelter in Palu

Basically, the state has the authority to regulate the use of land rights in the territory of Indonesia. However, the problem that often occurs is the disagreement between the Land Acquisition Committee and the holders of land rights in determining the amount of compensation, resulting in problems such as what happened in Palu after the earthquake which flattened housing buildings and required a plot of land for housing construction. Therefore, the aim of this research is to explore legal efforts for land rights that are affected by the acquisition for the construction of permanent housing to meet housing needs after the earthquake in Palu. The research method that used is legal research, while the approach that used in this research is statute approach. The results of data analysis shows the legal action of land rights holders that are affected by land acquisition for the construction of permanent housing by means of certificate cancellation, the cancellation of the certificate is based on law. Land acquisition for the public interest, including the interests of the nation and the State as well as the common interest of the people, can revoke land rights by giving compensation.

Design of a Two Story ISO Shipping Container Building

A container home offers a fast, green, and sustainable approach to building because of its standardized and reliable factory-controlled manufacturing. In this regards, this report investigates the data available in the literature and the strength assessment of ISO shipping container and then goes into the application evaluation of ISO container for temporary and permanent housing options. Real project as a case study has been investigated and all the detailing sheets have been performed. Finally, the conclusion chapter highlights the overall opinion of the author, some suggestions for the ISO container designers and the design challenges which any designer could be faced with.