Effectiveness of Visual Media Use in Islamic Religious Education Learning in Junior High School

Science and technology are progressing rapidly. These advances have brought significant changes in various aspects of human life, both in the social, economic, cultural and educational fields. For education not to be left behind, adjustments are needed, especially related to learning factors in the classroom. The learning process is a communication process. Sometimes in the learning process, there is a communication failure. To avoid communication failure, teachers need to make use of interesting learning media. Visual media is a tool that teachers use to transmit messages from the sender to the recipient using the sense of vision. This study uses descriptive qualitative research. This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 2 Sawahlunto. The subjects of the study were Islamic Religious Education Teachers and students of SMP Negeri 2 Sawahlunto. Data collection techniques used are observation, interview, documentation. This research generates (1) passionate and enthusiastic students when teachers use visual media in the learning process. (2) Visual media can make it easier for students to remember lesson materials. (3) Visual media in the form of PowerPoints and concept maps used by teachers in the lesson process can display a concrete picture of material, to improve students' thinking power.

Speech Behaviour of a Politician Online: an Effective and Destructive Profile

The paper is devoted to the fundamental issue of speech behaviour of politicians in the context of digitization of the Russian public space. The study is aimed at identifying generalized signs of a politician’s effective and destructive speech behaviour, as well as developing practical recommendations for efficient speech behaviour strategies and mitigation of communication failures risks. The paper studies communication failures of politicians that caused a significant public reaction, as well as analyses the examples of politicians’ efficient speech behaviour resulting in approval online. The study identifies areas of communication with the greatest conflict-generating potential for politicians. It also analyses the tactics discrediting a politician’s speech intentions during professional communication, as well as the statement construction forms that entail a high risk of communication failure. The analysis results were presented in a form of a generalized profile of efficient speech behaviour online, including marketing image management techniques.

A Safety Reinforced Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control Strategy Accounting for Dynamic Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication Failure

Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) is an advanced technique for organizing and managing a vehicle platoon, which employs the Vehicle-to-Vehicle/Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2V/V2I, or V2X) wireless communication to minimize the inter-vehicle distance while guaranteeing string-stability. Consequently, the conventional CACC system relies heavily on the quality of communications, which means that the regular CACC platoon is sensitive to the communication failure. Therefore, in this paper, a Safety Reinforced Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (SR-CACC) strategy is proposed to resist unexpected communication failure. Different from the regular CACC system, the safety enhanced platoon control system is embedded with a dual-branch control strategy. When a fatal wireless communication failure is detected and confirmed, the SR-CACC system will automatically activate the alternative sensor-based adaptive cruise control strategy. Moreover, to make the transforming process smooth, a linear smooth transition algorithm is added to the SR-CACC system. Then, to verify the performance of the proposed SR-CACC system, we conducted a simulation experiment with a heterogonous platoon constructed with eight vehicles. The experiments results reveal that, under the extremely poor communication environment, the proposed SR-CACC strategy can significantly improve the safety performance of the organized vehicle platoon.

Celebrities and Microcelebrities in Quarantine: Strategies of Parasocial Communication

The research applies the relationship strategies and the image repair strategies frameworks to study and compare celebrities and microcelebrities’ communicative activity on social media during the lockdown in the USA and the UK in spring, 2020. For celebrities, the sample collected on social media in March – April, 2020, reveals qualitative changes: in the quarantine, first-rank celebrities attempted to reduce the assumed gap between themselves and their fans by using the strategies typically associated with microcelebrities, namely openness, positivity, task sharing, and assurance. If applied inappropriately, these strategies damaged the celebrities’ image and the famous chose either to take corrective actions or to ignore the communication failure. The microcelebrities’ messages during the lockdown did not show any qualitative shift: they held on to their typical openness, assurance and task sharing relationship maintenance strategies. Yet, the posts, where some microcelebrities, pursuing the openness strategy, sincerely reported their neglect of the quarantine restrictions, were more destructive to their image than similar posts from celebrities. The negative feedback affected microcelebrities communication on social media quantitatively and qualitatively: the number of messages dropped and the bloggers employed an extensive set of strategies to repair their image. Received: 3 June 2021 / Accepted: 26 July 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021

Communication Failure Resilient Distributed Neural Network for Edge Devices

Recently, the necessity to run high-performance neural networks (NN) is increasing even in resource-constrained embedded systems such as wearable devices. However, due to the high computational and memory requirements of the NN applications, it is typically infeasible to execute them on a single device. Instead, it has been proposed to run a single NN application cooperatively on top of multiple devices, a so-called distributed neural network. In the distributed neural network, workloads of a single big NN application are distributed over multiple tiny devices. While the computation overhead could effectively be alleviated by this approach, the existing distributed NN techniques, such as MoDNN, still suffer from large traffics between the devices and vulnerability to communication failures. In order to get rid of such big communication overheads, a knowledge distillation based distributed NN, called Network of Neural Networks (NoNN), was proposed, which partitions the filters in the final convolutional layer of the original NN into multiple independent subsets and derives smaller NNs out of each subset. However, NoNN also has limitations in that the partitioning result may be unbalanced and it considerably compromises the correlation between filters in the original NN, which may result in an unacceptable accuracy degradation in case of communication failure. In this paper, in order to overcome these issues, we propose to enhance the partitioning strategy of NoNN in two aspects. First, we enhance the redundancy of the filters that are used to derive multiple smaller NNs by means of averaging to increase the immunity of the distributed NN to communication failure. Second, we propose a novel partitioning technique, modified from Eigenvector-based partitioning, to preserve the correlation between filters as much as possible while keeping the consistent number of filters distributed to each device. Throughout extensive experiments with the CIFAR-100 (Canadian Institute For Advanced Research-100) dataset, it has been observed that the proposed approach maintains high inference accuracy (over 70%, 1.53× improvement over the state-of-the-art approach), on average, even when a half of eight devices in a distributed NN fail to deliver their partial inference results.

Pemberian Expected Approach Time (EAT) pada Pesawat Arrival Berdasarkan Average Time Interval (ATI) di Bandara Sultan Thaha Jambi

Bandar Udara Sultan Thaha approach clearance yang diberikan untuk pesawat arrival belum memuat informasi berupa Expected Approach Time (EAT) yang merupakan perkiraan waktu yang diberikan oleh Air Traffic Controller (ATC) kepada pesawat arrival yang mengalami delay untuk meninggalkan holding fix yang kemudian melanjutkan approach untuk landing. Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan kurang efisiennya manoeuver pesawat karena pilot belum mengetahui perkiraan waktu untuk melakukan approach. Pemberian Expected Approach Time (EAT) terhadap pesawat arrival dapat mempengaruhi kelancaran dan keamanan lalu lintas penerbangan. Dalam keadaan tertentu terjadi communication failure terhadap pesawat arrival, maka seorang pilot akan mengikuti instruksi EAT yang terakhir diberikan. Seperti yang kita ketahui, kejadian-kejadian communication faiure tidak ada yang dapat mengetahui kapan akan terjadi dan hal tersebut tidak dapat dihindari. Seorang Controller hanya dapat mengurangi resiko konflik dari terjadinya hal tersebut dengan memberikan pelayanan lalu lintas penerbangan dengan cara memberikan EAT pada saat pesawat tersebut melakukan first contact. Jika diberikan EAT, pilot mendapatkan kepastian sehingga tidak lagi menanyakan posisi traffic yang ada di depanny. Pilot juga dapat mengatur kecepatan pesawat sehingga mengurangi holding jika memang diharuskan untuk holding. Oleh karena itu, pemberian EAT terhadap pesawat arrival mempengaruhi kelancaran dan keamanan lalu lintas penerbangan.

N. Suggesting Multipath Routing and Dividing the Zone to Process Communication Failure in Ad Hoc Networks

Ad hoc networks are characterized by ease of setup, low costs, and frequent use in the corporate world. They ensure safety to the user and maintain the confidentiality of the information circulated. They also allow the user to address the cases of communication failure in areas subject to destruction of communication infrastructure. The proposed protocols in the ad hoc networks often build only one path to achieve communication between the nodes, due to the restrictions of battery run out and the movement of the nodes. This connection is often subject to a failure within a certain range. Thus, multiple alternate paths in ad hoc networks use a solution to failing node communications. In addition, when looking at the situation where interference is widespread, each path is preferably somewhat distant from the others. In this paper, we present a simple processing by building multipath routing that do not overlap at the level of an ad hoc network zone, which is achieved through dividing the zone. The evaluation performed by using Network Simulator (ns-allinone-3.20) showed that the proposed ad hoc network connection is more efficient than the connection with the traditional methods of constructing multipath routings.