scholarly journals Yoga Improves Older Adults’ Affective Functioning and Resting-state Brain Connectivity: Evidence from a Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 100018
Author(s):  
Bianca P. Acevedo ◽  
Robert Marhenke ◽  
Kenneth S. Kosik ◽  
Sheerin Zarinafsar ◽  
Tyler Santander
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Affective Functioning

scholarly journals Working Memory Training and Cortical Arousal in Healthy Older Adults: A Resting-State EEG Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Spironelli ◽  
Erika Borella
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Intrusion Errors ◽  
High Beta

The current pilot study aimed to test the gains of working memory (WM) training, both at the short- and long-term, at a behavioral level, and by examining the electrophysiological changes induced by training in resting-state EEG activity among older adults. The study group included 24 older adults (from 64 to 75 years old) who were randomly assigned to a training group (TG) or an active control group (ACG) in a double-blind, repeated-measures experimental design in which open eyes, resting-state EEG recording, followed by a WM task, i.e., the Categorization Working Memory Span (CWMS) task, were collected before and after training, as well as at a 6-month follow-up session. At the behavioral level, medium to large Cohen's d effect sizes was found for the TG in immediate and long-term gains in the WM criterion task, as compared with small gains for the ACG. Regarding intrusion errors committed in the CWMS, an index of inhibitory control representing a transfer effect, results showed that medium to large effect sizes for immediate and long-term gains emerged for the TG, as compared to small effect sizes for the ACG. Spontaneous high-beta/alpha ratio analyses in four regions of interest (ROIs) revealed no pre-training group differences. Significantly greater TG anterior rates, particularly in the left ROI, were found after training, with frontal oscillatory responses being correlated with better post-training CWMS performance in only the TG. The follow-up analysis showed similar results, with greater anterior left high-beta/alpha rates among TG participants. Follow-up frontal high-beta/alpha rates in the right ROI were correlated with lower CWMS follow-up intrusion errors in only the TG. The present findings are further evidence of the efficacy of WM training in enhancing the cognitive functioning of older adults and their frontal oscillatory activity. Overall, these results suggested that WM training also can be a promising approach toward fostering the so-called functional cortical plasticity in aging.

Figural Creative Task Sculpts the Baseline Resting-State EEG in Older Adults: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 498-505
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Privodnova ◽  
N. V. Volf
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Creative Task

scholarly journals EEG Resting-State and Event-Related Potentials as Markers of Learning Success in Older Adults Following Second Language Training: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Kliesch ◽  
Nathalie Giroud ◽  
Martin Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Learning Outcome ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Language Switching ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
L2 Development ◽  
Related Potentials

In this pilot study, we evaluated the use of electrophysiological measures at rest as paradigm-independent predictors of L2 development for the first time in older adult learners. We then assessed EEG correlates of the learning outcome in a language-switching paradigm after the training, which to date has only been done in younger adults and at intermediate to advanced L2 proficiency. Ten (Swiss) German-speaking adults between 65-74 years of age participated in an intensive three-weeks English training for beginners. A resting-state EEG was recorded before the training to predict the ensuing L2 development (Experiment 1). A language-switching ERP experiment was conducted after the training to assess the learning outcome (Experiment 2). All participants improved their L2 skills but differed noticeably in their individual development. Experiment 1 showed that beta1 oscillations at rest (13-14.5Hz) predicted these individual differences. We interpret resting-state beta1 oscillations as correlates of attentional capacities and semantic working memory that facilitate the extraction and processing of novel forms and meanings from the L2 input. In Experiment 2, we found that language-switching from the L2 into the native language (L1) elicited an N400 component, which was reduced in the more advanced learners. Thus, for learners beginning the acquisition of an L2 in third age, language switching appears to become less effortful with increasing proficiency, suggesting that the lexicons of the L1 and L2 become more closely linked. In sum, our findings indicate that individual differences in L2 development and proficiency in older adults operate through similar electrophysiological mechanisms as those observed in younger adults.

scholarly journals Changes in resting-state brain connectivity following computerized cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in dialysis patients: A pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Hye Yoon Park ◽  
Hyeongrae Lee ◽  
Jong Hyun Jhee ◽  
Kyung Mee Park ◽  
Eun Chae Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Dialysis Patients

scholarly journals EEG Resting-State and Event-Related Potentials as Markers of Learning Success in Older Adults Following Second Language Training: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Maria Kliesch ◽  
Nathalie Giroud ◽  
Martin Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Second Language ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Learning Outcome ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Language Switching ◽  
Swiss German ◽  
L2 Development ◽  
Related Potentials

In this pilot study, we evaluated the use of electrophysiological measures at rest as paradigm-independent predictors of second language (L2) development for the first time in older adult learners. We then assessed EEG correlates of the learning outcome in a language-switching paradigm after the training, which to date has only been done in younger adults and at intermediate to advanced L2 proficiency. Ten (Swiss) German-speaking adults between 65–74 years of age participated in an intensive 3-week English training for beginners. A resting-state EEG was recorded before the training to predict the ensuing L2 development (Experiment 1). A language-switching ERP experiment was conducted after the training to assess the learning outcome (Experiment 2). All participants improved their L2 skills but differed noticeably in their individual development. Experiment 1 showed that beta1 oscillations at rest (13–14.5 Hz) predicted these individual differences. We interpret resting-state beta1 oscillations as correlates of attentional capacities and semantic working memory that facilitate the extraction and processing of novel forms and meanings from the L2 input. In Experiment 2, we found that language switching from the L2 into the native language (L1) elicited an N400 component, which was reduced in the more advanced learners. Thus, for learners beginning the acquisition of an L2 in third age, language switching appears to become less effortful with increasing proficiency, suggesting that the lexicons of the L1 and L2 become more closely linked. In sum, our findings extend the available evidence of neurological processes in L2 learning from younger to older adults, suggesting that electrophysiological mechanisms are similar across the lifespan.

Functional connectivity of key resting state networks and objectively measured physical activity in older adults with joint pain: A pilot study

2021 ◽  
pp. 111470
Author(s):  
Catherine Dion ◽  
Jared J. Tanner ◽  
Samuel J. Crowley ◽  
Margaret E. Wiggins ◽  
Thomas Mareci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
Resting State Networks ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Objectively Measured Physical Activity

A pilot study on Semi-Recumbent Vibration Exercise in Older Adults with Decreased Physical Function – Methodology, Feasibility and Safety

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Bühring ◽  
M Taani ◽  
E Siglinsky ◽  
J Libber ◽  
D Krueger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Vibration Exercise
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