Study of the Radial Peripapillary Capillary Network in Congenital Optic Disc Anomalies With Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Abstract Background: Eales disease primarily affects the peripheral retina. However, posterior involvement can be seen. Macular epiretinal neovascularization is not commonly seen in Eales disease. This report highlights the morphology and origin of macular epiretinal neovascularization (ERN) using multimodal retinal imaging, including optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Results: A 35-year-old man with no history of systemic disorders presented with gradual decrease of vision in his left eye. Fundus examination of his right eye showed peripheral sclerosed blood vessels, neovascularization of the optic disc and elsewhere, and macular ERN. The view of the left fundus was limited by vitreous haemorrhage. Fluorescein angiography (FA), of the right eye showed widespread peripheral capillary nonperfusion and leakage of dye from the retinal neovascularization and macular ERN. Macular Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) of the right eye showed an epiretinal membrane and the presence of epiretinal neovascular lesions extending above the internal limiting membrane towards the vitreous. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) showed multiple tiny blood vessels at the macula that arose from the superficial retinal capillary plexuses and extended toward the vitreous. The corresponding B-scan showed flow signal through these vessels and the signal extend above the internal limiting membrane. Systemic work-up was negative except for strongly positive tuberculin skin testing giving the classic diagnosis of Eales disease. Patient was started on empirical anti-tubercular therapy and oral corticosteroids. Scatter laser photocoagulation was applied to nonperfused retinal zones. Despite adequate scatter laser ablation, the ERN failed to regress fully. Conclusions: Macular ERN can be seen in cases of classic Eales disease. The origin of macular ERN in our case was shown to be from the superficial retinal capillary plexuses. We also noted the slower regression rate of macular ERN as compared to the major neovascularizations of the optic disc and peripheral retina. Further research is needed to establish the pathogenesis of ERN and its optimal management.

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Optical coherence tomography angiography in myopic peripapillary intrachoroidal cavitation complicated by choroidal neovascularization

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/1120672120944016 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 112067212094401

Author(s):

Chiara Comune ◽

Daniela Montorio ◽

Gilda Cennamo

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Choroidal Neovascularization ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽

Vascular Density ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Pathological Myopia ◽

Group 2 ◽

The University ◽

Radial Peripapillary Capillary ◽

Intrachoroidal Cavitation

Purpose: To detect the vessel density (VD) of the radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) in eyes affected by pathological myopia with or without a peripapillary intrachoroidal cavitation (PICC) and in eyes with PICC complicated by choroidal neovascularization (CNV), using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods: We prospectively enrolled highly myopic patients from January 2016 to December 2019 at the Eye Clinic of the University of Naples “Federico II.” We divided included patients into three groups: group 1 including patients with PICC complicated by CNV; group 2 including patients with PICC without complications; group 3 including patients with high myopia without PICC and CNV. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Bonferroni post hoc analysis was used to evaluate differences in VD of radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) in papillary whole, peripapillary regions and its sectors among the three groups. Results: We enrolled 12 highly myopic eyes with PICC complicated by CNV, 21 highly myopic eyes with PICC without CNV and 23 highly myopic eyes without PICC. The myopic eyes with PICC revealed a statistically significant reduction in VD of the RPC comparing to the other groups ( p < 0.001), especially in eyes affected by myopic PICC complicated by CNV ( p < 0.001). These results were similar analyzing the VD in different sectors of the peripapillary region among the three groups ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: OCTA detects the changes in peripapillary vascular density of highly myopic eyes. We demonstrated that the RPC vasculature is significantly influenced by the presence of PICC, especially in myopic eyes developing a CNV.

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Comparison of two different optical coherence tomography angiography devices in detecting healthy versus glaucomatous eyes – an observational cross-sectional study

BMC Ophthalmology ◽

10.1186/s12886-020-01701-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

A. R. Kee ◽

V. C. H. Yip ◽

E. L. T. Tay ◽

C. W. Lim ◽

J. Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Optic Disc ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Swept Source ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background To understand the differences between two different optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) devices in detecting glaucomatous from healthy eyes by comparing their vascular parameters, diagnostic accuracy and test-retest reliability. Methods A cross-sectional observational study was performed on healthy and glaucoma subjects, on whom two sets of OCTA images of optic disc and macula were acquired using both AngioVue (Optovue, USA) and Swept Source (Topcon, Japan) OCTA devices during one visit. A novel in-house software was used to calculate the vessel densities. Diagnostic accuracy of the machines in differentiating healthy versus glaucomatous eyes was determined using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and test-retest repeatability of the machines was also evaluated. Results A total of 80 healthy and 38 glaucomatous eyes were evaluated. Glaucomatous eyes had reduced mean vessel density compared to healthy controls in all segmented layers of the optic disc and macula using AngioVue (p ≤ 0.001). However, glaucomatous eyes had higher mean vessel density on optic disc scans using Swept Source, with lack of statistically significant difference between healthy and glaucomatous eyes. The AUROC showed better diagnostic accuracy of AngioVue (0.761–1.000) compared to Swept Source (0.113–0.644). The test-retest reliability indices were generally better using AngioVue than Swept Source. Conclusions AngioVue showed better diagnostic capability and test-retest reliability compared to Swept Source. Further studies need to be undertaken to evaluate if there is any significant difference between the various machines in diagnosing and monitoring glaucoma.

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Exudative Type 3 Retinal Arteriovenous Malformation in a Pediatric Patient

Case Reports in Ophthalmology ◽

10.1159/000495656 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 504-509

Author(s):

Helena Dens ◽

Ingele Casteels

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Arteriovenous Malformation ◽

Fluorescein Angiography ◽

Optic Disc ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

The Right ◽

Type 3

We describe a 7-year-old girl who developed exudation nasally to the right optic disc due to retinal arteriovenous malformation. Fluorescein angiography, spectral domain optical coherence tomography, and optical coherence tomography angiography were performed. We give an overview of the different imaging techniques and discuss the differential diagnosis. Since there was no visual impairment, no treatment was started. A spontaneous decrease in edema and exudation was noted after 6 months.

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