Measuring Potential Access to Food Stores and Food-Service Places in Rural Areas in the U.S.

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. S151-S155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph R. Sharkey
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Food Service ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals You Can’t Find Healthy Food in the Bush: Poor Accessibility, Availability and Adequacy of Food in Rural Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Whelan ◽  
Lynne Millar ◽  
Colin Bell ◽  
Cherie Russell ◽  
Felicity Grainger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Food Environment ◽  
Food Service ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Relative Price ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Food Type ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Poor Diet ◽  
Primary Driver

In high-income countries, obesity disproportionately affects those from disadvantaged and rural areas. Poor diet is a modifiable risk factor for obesity and the food environment a primary driver of poor diet. In rural and disadvantaged communities, it is harder to access affordable and nutritious food, affecting both food insecurity and the health of rural residents. This paper aims to describe the food environment in a rural Australian community (approx. 7000 km2 in size) to inform the development of community-relevant food supply interventions. We conducted a census audit of the food environment (ground truthing) of a local government area (LGA). We used the Nutrition Environment Measurement tools (NEMS-S and NEMS-R) to identify availability of a range of food and non-alcoholic beverages, the relative price of a healthy compared to a less healthy option of a similar food type (e.g., bread), the quality of fresh produce and any in-store nutrition promotion. Thirty-eight food retail outlets operated at the time of our study and all were included, 11 food stores (NEMS-S) and 27 food service outlets (NEMS-R). The mean NEMS-S score for all food stores was 21/54 points (39%) and mean NEMS-R score for all food service outlets was 3/23 points (13%); indicative of limited healthier options at relatively higher prices. It is difficult to buy healthy food beyond the supermarkets and one (of seven) cafés across the LGA. Residents demonstrate strong loyalty to local food outlets, providing scope to work with this existing infrastructure to positively impact poor diet and improve food security.

Prevalence and Correlates of Gray Market Use for Aging and Dementia Long-Term Care in the U.S

2021 ◽  
pp. 073346482110236
Author(s):  
Regina A. Shih ◽  
Esther M. Friedman ◽  
Emily K. Chen ◽  
Grace C. Whiting
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Unpaid Care ◽  
Gray Market ◽  
Sociodemographic Correlates ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
National Prevalence ◽  
The U.S

Objectives To estimate the national prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of gray market utilization, consisting of paid providers who are unrelated to the recipient, not working for a regulated agency, and potentially unscreened and untrained, for aging and dementia-related long-term care. Methods We surveyed a nationally representative sample of 1,037 American Life Panel respondents aged 18 years and older. Results Nearly a third of Americans who arranged paid care sought gray market care for persons with dementia, and most (65%) combined it with unpaid care. Respondents who arranged gray market care had 66% lower odds of currently working, and those living in rural areas had an almost 5-times higher odds of arranging dementia gray market care. Discussion Gray market care represents a substantial proportion of paid, long-term care for older adults and may fill gaps in access to care.

scholarly journals The value of in-person banking: evidence from U.S. small businesses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Zhang ◽  
Liang Han ◽  
Konstantinos Kallias ◽  
Antonios Kallias
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Soft Information ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Treatment Effect Models ◽  
The U.S

AbstractWe produce the first systematic study of the determinants and implications of in-person banking. Using survey data from the U.S., we show that firms which are informationally opaque or operate in rural areas are liable to contact their primary bank in-person. This tendency extends to older, less educated, and female business owners. We find that a relationship based on face-to-face communication, on average, lasts 17.88 months longer, spans a wider range of financial services, and is more likely to be exclusive. The associated loans mature 3.37 months later and bear interest rates which are 11 basis points lower. For good quality firms, in-person communication also relates to less discouraged borrowing. These results are robust to multiple approaches for endogeneity, including recursive bivariate probits, treatment effect models, and instrumental variables regressions. Overall, our findings offer empirical grounding to soft information theory and a note of caution to banks against suppressing channels of interpersonal communication.

The Need for Standards in Foodservice Sanitation Education

1978 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-301
Author(s):  
OSCAR P. SNYDER
Keyword(s):  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Public Health Service ◽  
Food Service ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Educational Outcome ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Food Borne Illness ◽  
The U.S

At present there is only one guideline for determining what information should be taught in foodservice sanitation courses. This basic document is the Food Service Sanitation Manual, including a model foodservice sanitation ordinance, 1976 revision, by the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Public Health Service, and Food and Drug Administration. However, this manual is not written in terms of educational outcome and is not truly based on sound educational principles. This paper approaches the problem of prevention of food borne illness from the educator's point of view. It discusses the instructional problem in sanitation, why people must learn, who the students are, the values and benefits of this educational program, and what should be taught if the educational outcomes are to be attained.

scholarly journals Identifying Factors Influencing a Hospital's Decision to Adopt a Farm-to-Hospital Program

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 508-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bobby J. Smith ◽  
Harry M. Kaiser ◽  
Miguel I. Gómez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Logit Model ◽  
Food Service ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Applied Economics ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The U.S

Farm-to-hospital (FTH) programs can potentially improve the economy of local communities and preserve the environment. Research on adoption of farm-to-hospital (FTH) programs is extremely limited in the agricultural and applied economics literature. Using data from our 2012 regional FTH program survey of hospital food-service directors in the Northeastern United States and from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, this study estimates a logit model to determine factors that influence a hospital's decision to adopt an FTH program. The empirical results indicate that specific hospital characteristics and agricultural factors significantly influence a hospital's decision to adopt.

scholarly journals Illness, Death, and Macronutrients: Adequacy of Rural Mozambican Household Production of Macronutrients in the Face of HIV/AIDS

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (2_suppl2) ◽  
pp. S331-S338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Donovan ◽  
Jaquelino Massingue
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
The North ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
The Face ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Drug Interventions ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background As the public sector and civil society develop intervention programs to deal with the HIV/ AIDS epidemic, there has been an increasing emphasis on the relationship between nutrition and the disease. Drug interventions may be ineffective, and the progression from HIV infection to full-blown AIDS may be accelerated without adequate nutrition. Mozambique is still fighting an increasing prevalence rate of HIV, including in rural areas. Rural households in Mozambique rely heavily on their own agricultural production for the basic macronutrients. Objectives To evaluate the extent to which household agricultural production of basic staples meets overall household needs for major macronutrients, comparing households affected and not directly affected by HIV/ AIDS and other major illnesses over two time periods. Methods This research analyzes nationally representative panel data from rural household surveys conducted in 2002 and 2005 to evaluate whether households that have suffered the chronic illness or illness-related death of prime-age adult members (15 to 49 years of age) are more vulnerable to macronutrient gaps. Results Households in the South and in the North with a male illness or death in 2002 produced significantly less macronutrients from crops in 2005 than nonaffected households. These households also had significantly lower income per adult equivalent. Conclusions Mortality or illness from HIV/AIDS affects the ability of agricultural households dependent on own-food production to produce macronutrients. Interventions to improve access to food may be needed for affected households, particularly in light of their inability to recover over time. More analysis is needed to understand income sources, crop diversification, and access to macronutrients through the market.

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