Effect of dietary hempseed cake on milk performance and haemato-chemicals in lactating Alpine dairy goats

Although the dietary inclusion level of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and the forage: concentrate (F:C) ratio affect milk quality, their interaction has not been broadly studied. To address such gaps and limitations a two-phase trial using twenty-two dairy goats was carried out. During the first phase, both groups (20 HF n = 11; high forage and 20 HG n = 11; high grain) were supplemented with 20 g Schizochytrium spp./goat/day. The 20 HF group consumed a diet with F:C ratio 60:40 and the 20 HG-diet consisted of F:C = 40:60. In the second phase, the supplementation level of Schizochytrium spp. was increased to 40 g/day/goat while the F:C ratio between the two groups were remained identical (40 HF n = 11; high forage and 40 HG n = 11; high grain). Neither the Schizochytrium spp. supplementation levels (20 vs. 40) nor the F:C ratio (60:40 vs. 40:60) affected milk performance. The high microalgae level (40 g) in combination with high grain diet (40 HG) modified the proportions of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and the ω3/ω6 ratio in milk, to a beneficial manner according to human health recommendation guidelines. However, the highest inclusion level of Schizochytrium spp. (40 g) and foremost in combination with the high grain diets (40 HG) induced an oxidative response as observed by the increased protein carbonyls (CP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in milk and blood plasma indicating severe limitations for a long-term, on-farm application. In conclusion, the supplementation with 20 g Schizochytrium spp. and high forage diet (60:40) appears to be an ideal formula to enrich dairy products with essential biomolecules for human health without adversely affect milk oxidative stability.

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Effect of replacing dietary corn with beet pulp on energy partitioning, substrate oxidation and methane production in lactating dairy goats

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an13119 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 55 (1) ◽

pp. 56 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

C. Ibáñez ◽

M. C. López ◽

P. Criscioni ◽

C. Fernández

Keyword(s):

Methane Production ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Substrate Oxidation ◽

Energy Partitioning ◽

Energy Output ◽

Dairy Goats ◽

Energy Retention ◽

Beet Pulp ◽

Milk Performance ◽

The Difference

The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of substitution of corn by beet pulp on energy partitioning, substrate oxidation, nitrogen and carbon balance and milk performance in dairy goats during late lactation. Twelve multiparous lactating Murciano-Granadina goats were fed two diets. Six goats were fed a mixed ration with 310 g/kg DM of ground corn (diet CORN) and in the other diet the corn was substituted with 302 g/kg DM of beet pulp (diet BP) in a cross-over design. No significant differences between diets were observed for milk production (1.36 kg/day, on average) and differences were found for milk fat (5.39 and 4.21% for BP and CORN, respectively). The metabolisable energy intake was higher (P < 0.05) in the CORN diet than BP (1320 vs 1044 kJ/kg0.75 BW, respectively). The difference in methane emissions between treatments was significant (P < 0.05) with values of 92 vs 61 kJ/kg0.75 BW for BP and CORN, respectively, indicating that greater levels of starch in diet reduce methane production. Replacing corn with BP reduced significantly the energy body fat deposition (300 vs 44 kJ/kg0.75 BW for CORN and BP diets, respectively). This reduction in energy retention for the BP diet did not compromise milk yield and milk energy output.

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DNA methylation pattern of the goat <i>PITX1</i> gene and its effects on milk performance

Archives Animal Breeding ◽

10.5194/aab-62-59-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 59-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Haiyu Zhao ◽

Sihuan Zhang ◽

Xianfeng Wu ◽

Chuanying Pan ◽

Xiangchen Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Methylation ◽

Transcription Factor ◽

Cpg Island ◽

Lactation Period ◽

Lactation Performance ◽

Dairy Goats ◽

Milk Traits ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Milk Performance ◽

Pitx1 Gene

Abstract. Paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 1 (PITX1) is a pivotal gene in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, which is a well-known pathway affecting lactation performance. The aim of this study was to analyze the DNA methylation profile of the PITX1 gene and its relevance to milk performance in Xinong Saanen dairy goats; thus, potential epigenetic markers of lactation performance were identified. A total of 267 goat blood samples were divided into “low” and “high” groups according to two milk traits: the average milk yield (AMY) and the average milk density (AMD). One CpG island in the 3′-flanking region of the PITX1 gene was identified as being related to milk performance. Fisher's exact test demonstrated that the methylation rates of the overall CpG island and the 3rd and 12th CpG-dinucleotide loci in the blood were significantly associated with the AMY, and the overall methylation rate of the high AMY group was relative hypomethylation compared with the low AMY group. The overall methylation rates of this CpG island in mammary gland tissue from dry and lactation periods again exhibited a significant difference: the lactation period showed relative hypomethylation compared with the dry period. Bioinformatic transcription factor binding site prediction identified some lactation performance related transcription factors in this CpG island, such as CTCF, STAT, SMAD, CDEF, SP1, and KLFS. Briefly, overall methylation changes of the CpG island in the PITX1 gene are relevant to lactation performance, which will be valuable for future studies and epigenetic marker-assisted selection (eMAS) in the breeding of goats with respect to lactation performance.

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Relationship between genetic variants of POU1F1 , PROP1 , IGFBP3 genes and milk performance in Guanzhong dairy goats

Small Ruminant Research ◽

10.1016/j.smallrumres.2016.05.015 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 140 ◽

pp. 40-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Fengyan Zhou ◽

Qing Yang ◽

Chuzhao Lei ◽

Hong Chen ◽

Xianyong Lan

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variants ◽

Dairy Goats ◽

Milk Performance

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Effect of lemon leaves on energy and C–N balances, methane emission, and milk performance in Murciano-Granadina dairy goats

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/sky028 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 96 (4) ◽

pp. 1508-1518 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Carlos Fernández ◽

José Vicente Martí ◽

Ion Pérez-Baena ◽

Jose Luis Palomares ◽

Carla Ibáñez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methane Emission ◽

Dairy Goats ◽

Milk Performance

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Role of chromium (III) in the nutrition of pigs and cattle

Agricultural science and practice ◽

10.15407/agrisp3.02.056 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 56-62

Author(s):

R. Iskra ◽

V. Vlizlo ◽

R. Fedoruk

Keyword(s):

Growth And Development ◽

Reproductive Function ◽

Metabolic Effect ◽

Considerable Part ◽

Cultural Medium ◽

Milk Performance ◽

Chromium Compounds ◽

The Impact ◽

Different Sources

The results of our studies and the data of modern literature regarding the biological role of Cr(III) compounds in conditions of their application in the nutrition for pigs and cattle are discussed. The metabolic impact of Cr(III), coming from different sources – mineral and organic compounds, obtained by chemical synthesis or a nanotechnological method (chromium citrate), as well as in the form of biocomplexes from the cultural medium of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts was analyzed. The metabolic connection between the impact of Cr(III) and the biosynthesis of some hormones – insulin, cortisol – as well as the sensitivity of some tissues and organs to the effect of chromium compounds was studied. A considerable part of the review material was dedicated to the metabolic effect of Cr(III) compounds on the reproductive function of pigs and cattle and their impact on the viability of the offspring and gametes of animals. The data about the stimulating effect of Cr(III) on the growth and development of the organism of piglets and calves, meat and milk performance of these species of animals are discussed. The relevance of dosing Cr(III) in the nutrition of pigs and cattle is highlighted.

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