Utility-scale photovoltaics and storage: Decarbonizing and reducing greenhouse gases abatement costs

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 116120
Author(s):  
Edgar Virguez ◽  
Xianxun Wang ◽  
Dalia Patiño-Echeverri
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Abatement Costs ◽  
Utility Scale ◽  
And Storage

scholarly journals Investigation of Biomass Efficiency Assessment Methods of Open Green Areas for Sustainable Cities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmetali AK ◽  
◽  
Aslı GÜNEŞ GÖLBEY ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
And Storage

One of the most important environmental problems in today's world is climate change caused by greenhouse gases. Due to the increase in CO2 emissions from greenhouse gases, climate change is increasing and moving towards the point of no return. In this process, many ideas have been developed to combat climate change. One of these ideas is that cities should be sustainable. In order for cities to be sustainable, activities such as expanding the use of renewable energy resources in cities, increasing green and environmentally friendly transportation, improving air quality, and minimizing carbon emissions should be carried out. In this context, open green areas have important effects in terms of improving air quality, reducing the heat island effect in cities and especially keeping carbon emissions to a minimum. Thus, the efficiency and productivity of carbon capture and storage of green areas come to the fore. There are several methods to measure the carbon capture and storage efficiency of green areas and to evaluate their efficiency. In this study, the methods used in determining open green areas in cities and evaluating biomass productivity in these areas will be examined.

scholarly journals Agricultural Offset Potential in the United States: Economic and Geospatial Insights

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Proville ◽  
Robert T. Parkhurst ◽  
Steven Koller ◽  
Sara Kroopf ◽  
Justin Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
The United States ◽  
Carbon Offsets ◽  
Large Series ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
Abatement Costs ◽  
Carbon Prices

Although agricultural greenhouse gases (GHGs) are emitted from a wide variety of activities and regions, many mitigation opportunities exist. This article describes efforts undertaken by Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) and partners (2007 to present) to convert abatement opportunities into carbon offsets with the aim of reducing GHGs in this sector and providing revenue to landowners. Analyses of emission-abating practices for rice, rangelands and almonds demonstrate that abatement costs are significant for most practices and are accompanied by high break-even carbon prices — often due to high transaction costs. Nonetheless, total abatement potential is shown to be large for certain activities. For this reason, and given the large series of opportunities not yet explored, a focal point of subsequent efforts should be to reduce transaction costs and barriers to entry.

scholarly journals What to Expect from the 2020 Gas Package

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Olczak ◽  
Andris Piebalgs
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Renewable Electricity ◽  
And Storage ◽  
The Eu

Gas is considered an important part of the European Union’s (EU) energy mix. Making up a quarter of the energy consumed in the EU, it is widely used by both households and industry. Gas supports the penetration of intermittent renewable electricity and is considered the cleanest of the fossil fuels but its combustion emits a considerable amount of greenhouse gases. In the fight against climate change, the EU has committed itself to the near-complete decarbonisation of the energy sector well before 2050. This will have a significant impact on the gas sector, especially in the EU, which has significant gas transportation and storage assets. This commentary examines two potential pathways that could enable the gas sector to contribute to the EU’s decarbonisation efforts while continuing to play a substantial role in the EU’s energy supply. The pathways include gas and electricity sector coupling and the substantial increase of renewable gas production. Those options, which are not mutually exclusive, provide an opportunity for the gas sector to thrive in a decarbonised energy future. In some cases, it could require changes in the EU’s gas legislation announced by the European Commission to be proposed in 2020.

scholarly journals Simulasi aliran fluida pada proses enhanced coalbed methane

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Mohammad Resalto Pradewa ◽  
Retno Gumilang Dewi ◽  
Ucok W.R. Siagian
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Coalbed Methane ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Methane Recovery ◽  
Enhanced Coalbed Methane ◽  
Flow Variables ◽  
And Storage

Fluid flow simulation on enhanched coalbed methane systemThe Enhanced Coalbed Methane (ECBM) process can be applied as a carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology for the mitigation of greenhouse gases emissions, by transferring CO2 emitted by stationary sources into ECBM field reservoirs. This CCS-ECBM integration is a novel technology that is aimed at reducing CO2 emission while simultaneously improving the energy supply security in Indonesia. This research studies the fluid flow in fractures/cleats in CBM reservoirs, which is a laminar flow under pressure gradient in accordance to Darcy's law. The objective of this research is to understand the mechanism of the integration between CCS and ECBM process via computer simulations. Gas components considered in the simulation include CH4 and CO2. Fluid flow variables in this research are permeability (k), porosity (ϕ), and gas saturation (S). Simulations are done using the FlexPDE version 5 software package. Simulation results indicate that all three variables influence the fluid flow mechanism in fractures/cleats during the injection of CO2 in ECBM process. Simulations which are run for 100 days predict that methane recovery is inversely proportional to porosity, with a recovery of 97.88% at a porosity of 0.017, and 37.16% at a porosity of 0.63.Keywords: greenhouse gases, CCS, ECBM, fractures, cleats Abstrak Proses Enhanced Coalbed Methane (ECBM) dapat diterapkan sebagai salah satu teknologi penangkapan dan penyimpanan karbon (Carbon Capture and Storage atau CCS) untuk mitigasi emisi gas rumah kaca, dengan cara menyalurkan CO2 dari sumber emisi stasioner ke dalam reservoir lapangan ECBM. Integrasi CCS-ECBM ini merupakan teknologi baru yang diharapkan mampu mengurangi emisi CO2 sekaligus meningkatkan ketahanan pasokan energi Indonesia. Penelitian ini mempelajari aliran fluida pada retakan (fractures/cleats) di dalam reservoir CBM yang merupakan aliran laminer di bawah gradien tekanan yang mengikuti hukum Darcy. Penelitian ini bertujuan memahami mekanisme integrasi CCS dengan proses ECBM melalui pendekatan simulasi komputer. Senyawa-senyawa yang ditinjau adalah CH4 dan CO2. Variabel-variabel aliran yang diperhitungkan dalam model mencakup permeabilitas (k), porositas (ϕ), dan saturasi gas (S). Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak FlexPDE versi 5. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme aliran dalam retakan dengan injeksi CO2 pada proses ECBM dipengaruhi oleh ketiga variabel yang ditinjau. Simulasi yang dijalankan selama 100 hari menunjukkan bahwa perolehan metana berbanding terbalik secara linier terhadap porositas, dengan perolehan sebesar 97,88% pada porositas 0,017 dan 37,16% pada porositas 0,63.Kata kunci: gas rumah kaca, CCS, ECBM, retakan, cleats

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